Umlambo Kama - le uviko kakhulu umdla iVolga

Kama yeyona kakhulu isebe iVolga. umthombo wayo kubekwe phezu kwentaba ye kwiilali ezincinane Verkhnekamskaya Udmurt Kulig ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle ukuya kwiimitha ezili-330. Umlambo km 1805. Ngokutsho ukutyhilwa mnye, igama lomlambo inguqulelo ukusuka Udmurt - "Kema" - libhekisela "elide". River isitya zibalulekile nazo kwaye 507 ophosa square.

Le uviko kakhulu umdla

Ukususela Udmurtia, ayajika nje emdeni imimandla eliqela nasemazweni, yaye, njengoko idibanisa laseKirov Region, i Perm Territory, Bashkortostan kunye Tatarstan.

Kama River kulo umva amaxesha yakhe ebhedini eziliqela. Xa ehamba eliphezulu ntshonalanga kwaye ngoko ujikeleze usinge entla-mpuma. Kufuphi ilali Lojna yenza ithuba elibukhali ukuya ezantsi. Ephuphuma emva ukuhlanganisa ulwazi kunye Pilv, yaye isebe abasindileyo Kama lomlambo - Vishera - esenza sibe umlambo enzulu ububanzi.

Xa intlanganisela iVolga, yintoni na ngoku Kuibyshev Reservoir, Kama wabaleka ngaxeshanye ukuya emlanjeni mde eYurophu, yaye bahlukana ngayo xitsunga enamatye. Okwangoku, le nto emlonyeni. Ububanzi kwechibi Kuibyshev kwi ekudibaneni imilambo emibini emikhulu km 40.

Sidla umlambo ikakhulu ikhephu, imvula kunye komhlaba. Owayevunyelwe-up luqala efikelela kuyo umlambo ekuqaleni kukaNovemba kwaye sihlala kude Epreli. Xa isixa esikhulu kombethe amiliswe intrawater ngumkhenkce. Spring ice aqhele kungathatha iintsuku eziliqela ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-15.

Kama ichibi

amadama Kama UMlambo ingxolo izihlandlo eziliqela, kwaye kwezi ndawo kwakhiwa ichibi elikhulu ezintathu. Kama Reservoir wavela kwi ekudibaneni uviko ekunene Urolki. ubude bayo - malunga 350 km, nobubanzi ukuya ayi-14, lo gama ubunzulu kakhulu - 30 ubude. Le Idama Kama kwisikhululo samandla ngamanzi ibekwe kwisixeko Perm.

HPP dam Votkinskaya Iifomu Votkinskoye ndawo. Ekubeni ubude km-365 nto ilingana nobubanzi 9 km kunye nobunzulu kakhulu - 29 eemitha.

Kufuphi nesixeko Naberezhnye Chelny umlambo Kama ukuvimbile omnye amanzi, nto leyo eyenza i- Nizhnekamsk Reservoir. ububanzi km-20, kwaye ubude - malunga 185 km. Yeyona ubunzulu ubuninzi-22 eemitha ukuphakama kwayo.

Nakhelwe phezu enamandla phambene River ndachithelwa ngamanzi phantse 1.5 amaxesha kuncitshiswa izinga lokuhamba. Nkqu umthunzi amanzi itshintshile: waba mnyama futhi ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ukusuka iVolga.

ukusetyenziswa Human lomlambo

Kama River evela Kuibyshev Reservoir - ekudibaneni iVolga - esixekweni Solikamsk ke iinqanawa. 60 km usuka isixeko ibekwe ilali Kerchevo, abalunikelwayo kwakanye inkulu lesoplotochnym ayihlasela ehlabathini. Kodwa wayeka umsebenzi wakhe ngo-1995.

Ukususela Perm kwi umzila elifikeleleka kuphela e Astrakhan kunye Nizhny Novgorod, kodwa eMoscow.

Kama River, edume ubuhle kweelwandle bayo amahle, etsala omninzi labakhenkethi abafuna nje kuphela babubone ubungangamsha bayo; kodwa kunandipha uhlobo. ithandwa kakhulu amanzi, ukunyuka intaba, Ukuskiya ikhwele ihashe ezityhutyhayo. Xa efikelela kuyo Kama isetyenziswa ekulobeni kwezemidlalo. Ngokuphathelele oku afanelekileyo kakhulu umbuzo lokuncitshiswa ungcoliseko lwamanzi omlambo yi izinto ezikhutshwa kwiifektri.