Umjikelo wobomi trypanosomes. Types of trypanosomes. izinambuzane eziyingozi

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba irhorho zixhaphakile kakhulu kwindalo. Bona ingangena emzimbeni abantu kunye nezilwanyana kwaye wahlala apho ixesha elide. Noko ke, iintlobo ezininzi lweentshulube musa umngcipheko omkhulu yaye ngokufuthi ubukho yabo ayiyi ukuzibonakalisa. Ezi ziquka giardia, pinworm, amile, njalo njalo .. Kwezinye iimeko, ubukho ezi yezinambuzane uzenza ngayo iimpawu ezifana kophulwa umthetho isitulo, iintlungu esiswini. Maxa wambi, phezu koko, ubukho babo imperceptible, kwaye umntu akazi nokuba bayazi malunga ubukho ezi zidalwa. Kubonakaliswa okanye ukungabikho kweempawu ixhomekeke ibakala umjikelo wobomi amaphelo. Kodwa, kunye phantse izidalwa 'ingozi ", kukho nabanye ubukho ebangela izifo kakhulu ebantwini nasezilwanyaneni. Umzekelo i trypanosome. Le omzimba kwiseli ukuba iindlela ezahlukeneyo morphological. Le Isidleli fanele ukuba ingozi ikho ngenxa yokuba ubukho balo emzimbeni womntu isilwanyana lunokubulala.

Trypanosome - yintoni na le nto?

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba trypanosome libhekisela eyodwa enye, oko kuyingozi kakhulu. Phakathi izifo ukuba ukuphuhlisa ngenxa parasitism yayo, - ngezifo Chagas kunye Afrika isifo yokulala. Yeyiphi kwezi Diseases kuvela umntu onesifo, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo trypanosomes. Le peculiarity yale amaphelo mnye ezineseli ukuba akukho mntu ukuphendula iindlela zokhuselo omzimba ukulusiphula iingcambu. Babethwele trypanosomes - izinambuzane. Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo silwanyana abe abasasazi yayo bugs okanye Impukane izibawu. Umjikelo wobomi trypanosomes intsonkothile, ekubeni ngexesha lakhe ngaphakathi sisinambuzane kunye mammalian morphological itshintsha imilo izihlandlo eziliqela. Inginginya yokugqibela abantu kunye nezilwanyana (amahashe, izinja) kuba kokuphilayo kweseli single-. Intonga "trypanosome" - a uyawabophelela ekumfimfitheni, ezingakwaziyo ukuya khona ngaphandle kwe i "inkosi". Oko kukuthi, bada bangena umzimba yesinambuzane okanye ezanyisayo, ukukwazi kwabo ukuhlala esikolweni.

Iintlobo yezinambuzane trypanosome

Le Isidleli fanele ukuya trypanosomatids usapho. Kukho iintlobo-2 (amaqela) kwezi kwiseli enye. Phakathi kwabo:

• Trypanosomes Salivaria - it uyawabophelela ukungcola, nto leyo isebenza inaso okweempukane izibawu. "Inkosi" yokugqibela kuba nasiphi isilwanyana ezinomqolo, kunye nendoda. Ngexesha parasitism kulo ngalunye kwezi macro-utshintsho yi Isigaba 2 trypanosomes Saivaria kwempilo. Le pathogen ifumaneka e-Afrika. Xa engena umzimba iphuhlisa trypanosomiasis - ukugula ilele. Pathology ibhekisela anthropozoonosis yaye amaninzi kuchaphazela neula. Xa usulelo yabantu lelibulalayo.
• Trypanosomes Stercoraria qela. Zilwanyana yale hlobo zixhaphakile Latin America. umkhosi esiPhakathi kuba kubo triatominae. Izinambuzane liluma idatha ezincancisayo kunye nomntu nesifo Chagas. Le ngezifo ikhokelela sisifo sentliziyo kunye kukwaphula namanye amalungu. Yokufa kwesi sifo-30% abantu abosulelwe.

iintlobo Morphological of trypanosomes

iklasi trypanosomes ungachazwa ukuba ngexesha ubomi ezi Cya ukutshintsha uhlobo morphological amaxesha zabo eziliqela. Oku kubanceda ukuba ukuziqhelanisa zombini kwi nginginya eliphakathi ekutyeni nasemakhalaneni in ezincancisayo. Kukho ezi fom zilandelayo:

• Amastigotnaya (okanye leyshmanioznaya). Xa kuqwalaselwa trypanosomes ngemicroscope ungabona ngeenxa okanye iiseli elimbhoxo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, le fomu akukho yomsila.
• Promastigotnaya. Iseli luthe side, oko kinetosome ibekwe kwi ngaphambili. Kwinxalenye bakhulise kukho yomsila (udlula kumngxuma elincinane - epokothweni). Ngaphambili, le fomu kuthiwa leptomonadnoy.
• Epimastigotnaya (okanye kritidialnaya). Carcinoma luphawulwa intshukumo phambili. Ngenxa yoko, oko phantse belingana kunye iseli ngumongo. Ngokungafaniyo ifomu elidlulileyo, msila lisuka ngohlangothi inwebu mfutshane lihlangana.
• Tripomastigotnaya. Kinetosome kwakhona Bayeka kwaye kwenzeka emva iseli ngumongo. inwebu lihlangana iba elide kunye abanzi.
• Iifom Metacyclic koda luphawulwa ngokungabikho ngokupheleleyo yomsila.

Umjikelo wobomi Trypanosome kwi umzimba nesinambuzane

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ezi zilwanyana kuba nesibopho, ithetha ukuba abanakuphila ngaphandle umkhosi. Okwangoku, ekubeni trypanosomes angene emzimbeni othwala nesiphelo kunye ukuziqhelanisa wayo ofileyo esanyisayo okanye babantu, ebizwa kwempilo. Ngeli xesha, i iphindaphindeka amaphelo kwiyantlukawano, ifumana izondlo. Umjikelo wobomi Trypanosome iquka utshintsho eziliqela ezilandelelanayo xa morphology yayo. Le Isidleli engena umzimba iimpukane izibawu kwifomu tripomastigotnoy. Ngokukhawuleza emva koko, yena ulahlekelwa glycocalyx - njengento uqulathwe esiseleni ndizayo. Kwiintsuku ezili-10 trypanosome lihamba evela iimpukane ngomva midgut phambi. Apho, Iziphindaphinda sisidleleli. Emva koko, iintsuku 8-10, nto ihamba phambili - ukuba kwamadlala amathe. Kweli nqanaba, i ekutyeni nasemakhalaneni iseli uneempahla ngokupheleleyo mitochondria kuba iqulathe cytochromes ezisebenzayo. Okulandelayo, ezimfimfitha ufumana epimastigotnuyu ifomu. I amathe luqinisekisa ukuba sandisa kwakhona, inxalenye - encamathele epithelium. Inqanaba elilandelayo umjikelo wobomi na lenguqu ukuya ifomu metacyclic. Kweli nqanaba, i trypanosomes kuyeka ukuba zahlule, ukuba zisuswe ukusuka epithelium kwaye ngenisa mithambo kwamadlala amathe. Umjikelo avareji kuthatha iiveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4. Inguqu kwezinye ukwahlukahlukana morphological kwenzeka emzimbeni yomkhosi sokugqibela - sisilwanyana esincancisayo okanye abantu.

Trypanosome: lesibini Inqanaba lomjikelo wobomi

Umjikelo step trypanosome ubomi Okulandelayo iqala kunye nokudla ayo ekupheleni-mkhosi - njengomntu okanye esanyisayo. Baya ingangena i Ulwamvila isinambuzane kwifomu metacyclic. Xa ongena ebantwaneni, lo morphology iseli yatshintsha amastigotnuyu. Xa olu hlobo livula sisidleleli. Ukwenziwa pseudocysts. Eyangena isithuba phakathi kwiiseli, bathatha kuqala yokuba, nemilo ke epimastigotnuyu. iziphumo izifo kwi umzimba sisidleleli luqala emva kokungena egazini. Apho uthatha tripomastigotnuyu amise kwaye kuchaphazela iseli host. Umjikelo wobomi trypanosomes emzimbeni wakhe ingaphinda-phindwa amaxesha amaninzi.

Le indlela parasitosis

Kukho iintlobo-2 tripasomoza (Chigasov ngezifo ngezifo belele). Ukungenwa sisifo omnye okanye omnye kuxhomekeke kuhlobo iintlobo (amaqela) irhorho hit umzimba. Indlela yophuhliso ezi ezimbi eyahlukileyo. Ngokuthi isilwanyana esinayo silume iimpukane enazo trypanosomes izibawu Salivaria, abantu okanye isilwanyana abachaphazelekayo balele ukugula. Kwiiveki zokuqala sisidleleli kubhaliwe ibekwe amanqatha ongama. Ukusuka apho ungena olujikeleza. Isiphumo ilahleko omzimba kunye hematopoietic amalungu: udakada, isibindi, iindawo nkovu. Emva kokuba olunye nezinambuzane andise ukungena iiseli luvo. Betha nabo cerebrospinal oonobangela fluid umonakalo wobuchopho spinal nentambo kwithishyu.

Development triposomoza Stercoraria

Ukuphunyezwa kwale qela lweentshulube kwenzeka ngeendlela ezimbini. Lokuqala - ngokusebenzisa ukulunywa neencukuthu. Okwesibini - xa ungena triponosom inwebu yangaphakathi ngezandla ezimdaka. Ekuqaleni, lo usulelo lwenzeka ethile impendulo yokukrala asekuhlaleni - uphuhliso lweentshulube "chagomy" kulo ngamanqatha ongama. Emva koko, egazini, zawutwabulula ezithweni. Eli qela trypanosomes kuchaphazela lymphoid inyama, isibindi nezihlunu. ingozi enkulu umonakalo kwi izinambuzane cardiomyocytes. Loo ukusilela intliziyo ekhokelela ekufeni kwesi sifo.

trypanosomes diagnosis yenethiwekhi

Trypanosome ubhekisela Izimfimfithi kwiseli ezinobungozi abantu kunye nezilwanyana ezanyisayo. Ezityalwe le ephilayo asexually mechanism - division longitudinal. Trypanosomiasis unesifo kwiimeko ezininzi Equatorial Afrika kunye Umzantsi Melika. Oku kungenxa phambi kwezi nkalo izinambuzane, ezo wemikhosi intermediate ngokuba sisidleleli. Nangona kunjalo, esi sifo kwenzeka kwamanye amazwe, umzekelo, emva kokufika kwabantu ukusuka kwisiza usulelo. ke kule ngezifo yezigulane Chagas oluchaphazelekayo mpawu zilandelayo: iindawo iyadumba nkovu ngeenxa amehlo, motility kakuhle isisu, iintlungu intliziyo, kuthibaza, myalgia. Ngokufuthi abadala esi sifo ezingapheliyo kwaye zihlala iminyaka eliqela. Xa abantwana kweminyaka ukuya ku-5 longanyelwe ikhosi etsolo kunye yokufa. ukugula okusolwayo olele kuzinza ngezizathu ezifana, buthathaka progressive, intloko ebuhlungu, silale, ukufa isiqaqa. Kuba efumanise lweentshulube emzimbeni yenziwa diagnosis serological: ukuchonga antibodies titer ku ngamagciwane.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa nokosulela trypanosomes?

An ingcamango yokuba ukufumana indlela izinambuzane kusuka emzimbeni, uye ugqirha lwezifo ezosulelayo kuphela. Ekubeni trypanosomes ezi Iintsholongwane ezibulalayo ezimbi ukuqala ukunceda lulandelayo ngoko nangoko emva kokuba ifunyanwe. unyango parasitosis lusebenza kuphela ukuba sikwinqanaba lokuqala esi sifo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqhuba elebhu diagnosis kwasekuqaleni kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba ukrokrela kukulunywa bug okanye izibawu. Phezu isiqinisekiso uxilongo kufuna esibhedlele, njengoko iziyobisi nxamnye trypanosomes kunokubangela reactions icala ezahlukeneyo.

unyango ngamachiza kwe parasitosis eziyingozi

Ukuze uphendule umbuzo ukuzisa njani loo maphalo, inokuba oyingcali kuphela. Unyango lwezifo carotid ixhomekeke ibakala elo ngezifo. Ukuba abachaphazelekayo hematopoietic kuphela yaye inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, wasebenzisa iziyobisi "Berilin", "Pentamidine" yaye "Suramin". Ezi amayeza azikho ngempumelelo kwesifo. Ukuba le nkqubo ibandakanya inkqubo luvo, prescribers "Diflyuorometilornitin". Unyango lwesifo Chagas ' izivuno kukhokelela kuphela kwinqanaba le parasitism extracellular. Ukuze ekupheleni oku, prescribers "Nifurtinoks".

amanyathelo othintelo nxamnye trypanosomiasis

Ukuthintela ukosuleleka trypanosomiasis, indawo zezinambuzane ikutyela wemikhosi eziphakathi, iyeza imichiza ezizodwa (disinfestation yenziwa). Ekuchongeni izilwanyana sisifo ukuba abulale ukwenzela ukuthintela ukosuleleka.