Umgaqo-nkqubo we glasnost - unobangela ekuweni sotsialistizma jikelele

Kwisiqingatha sokuqala yee-, kwakukho utshintsho rhoqo kweenkokeli pati USSR, Brezhnev, Andropov, Chernenko ngoko. Isizathu sokuba oonobhala-jikelele isabelo sakhe, kulungile, kwaye nokufa kunye ityala lokufa, yena, naye nentlonelo - ebudaleni kunye izifo ezinxulumene ezininzi. Ngoko ke, ngo-1985, uNobhala Jikelele entsha makakhethwe Plenum ye-Central Committee of the CPSU Committee Central Mihail Sergeevich Gorbachev. Ngu imilinganiselo ngoko zobunkokeli, waba akalalelanga abaselula, uye kutshanje kuphela, iintsuku ezisithoba phambi kwentlanganiso, ndineminyaka eyi-54 ubudala.

Inkokeli omtsha weqela, yaye kungeso lizwe, waqonda ukuba le nkqubo yehlabathi yali, yaye, ingakumbi, xa eSoviet Union , ingxaki enkulu. Uqoqosho kakuhle, abantu sisele kakhulu utywala, yaye okunene yonke lunganga njalo ... Kwaye waqalisa ukwenza.

Kwinyanga kamva abemi eSoviet ndafunda ukuba lunikezelo - nto nje into unobangela na amandla, kodwa le ndlela yokusebenza.

Kungekudala inkampani anti-utywala, nto leyo ekhokelele eselwayo ngaphantsi ayizange, kodwa amashishini ewayini kwaye lwediliya ubunzima. Kwandula ke kwafika umgaqo glasnost. izinto zokuqala kuqala.

Ngaloo ndlela, yaba kukukhawuleziswa, umgaqo nokuvuleleka ngokwentando kwimali otyunjwe elithi "perestroika", abathi lomfo echukumisayo abuthethe ngathi iinkokheli kumazwe Western, akuthethi siziguqulela kwiilwimi zabo zomthonyama, ngathi igama elithi "satellite" ngo-1957.

Oku okukhawulezayo ayikwazi ukunceda, kodwa kunokuba yingozi kwisistim owalupheleyo yali, kodwa umgaqo-nkqubo glasnost Gorbachev Ekugqibeleni kwakhokelela ekuvalweni ogcweleyo.

Kakade ke, ukuba zizakhele omnye parttermin kubo kutshabalalisa ilizwe. Isicwangciso sokuqala wabaHlaziyi yeKomiti Central wanikwa, nje kwakufuneka embellish ibali, ukutyhila ezinye iziphene, kodwa ziphambili musa ukuchukumisa, zisebenza "embi Stalin, uLenin okulungileyo." Ukuba Stalin wadubula Bukharin, umzekelo, kungenxa kwakungu kunene smart kakhulu. Kwaye ukuze angqine isicatshulwa uLenin "Notebook Blue". Yezhov akuthathwa ityala lakhe.

Kodwa le nkqubo glasnost Oku kubanga ukuluma kakhulu kwamanye amalungu eKomiti Central kwaye nkqu abemi abaqhelekileyo, kwaye inqaku odumileyo Niny Andreevoy ngo "PRAVDA" waba Umbhalo zabo.

Ukuzama ukufaka ulwazi ulawulo lwemali, omnye iinkokheli CPSU I. Polozkov wavuma phambi kokuba nkqubo glasnost, kuba ngokuqinisekileyo elungileyo, kodwa ilungelo lokuba kube kuphela ndawonye.

Eqonda imposiso lukarhulumente, iinkokeli ezininzi iintshukumo eliphikisayo, ubukhulu becala isizwe baqalisa ukuba babambelele emgceni wabo, ebangela ukufa nokutshatyalaliswa. Oku kwenzekile NK, Tbilisi kunye nezinye iingongoma "eziphakamileyo lobushushu". Imizamo ukubuyisela ukuze ngenkani kwakhokelela ekubeni iziphumo nangakumbi. Ekugqibeleni, abantu abaninzi waqonda ukuba akukho 'Socialism nge ubuso babantu "akanakuba. ubuso bakhe ayizange iguquke. Oku kuchaza ekuweni mdibi ukuzama ngo-1991 kwaye ngoloyiso Yeltsin.

Yaphela kanjalo lo xesha, kwakunye nomgaqo-nkqubo we glasnost. Impumelelo kunye neendleko kusenokwenzeka ngoku ukuhlalutya. I yangaphambili ziquka Kwabakho ngesiquphe ngasekupheleni-imi- 80 umdla zikarhulumente oluprintiweyo, nakuba elifutshane elide. Ke yesibini - lee sisiphithiphithi, nto leyo kuye kwafaka ilizwe iminyaka engamashumi amabini, kwaye uzive imiphumo apho sonke siya kuba ixesha elide ...