Ukwenzakala - a ... ukwenzakala, nezineziphumo eziyintshabalalo kunye nonyango. zokulimala

Belimele nazo wonke umntu ebomini bam. Babonakala ezahlukeneyo iimeko ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Kwakumalunga le miba ngoku yaye ufuna nokuthetha. Ke ukulimala. Yintoni leyo? Nini kwaye njani ukuba kuvela, iyintoni kwaye olunjani uncedo kuyimfuneko ukubonelela kwindawo yokuqala - funda ngako ku.

lwesigama

Ekuqaleni, simele siqonde isigama eziya kusetyenziswa kweli nqaku. Ukwenzakala - kuphula kuphela ingqibelelo, kodwa ke nokusebenza Amalungu nezihlunu, ezithi zivele ngenxa yokuba sesichengeni imiba yokusingqongileyo. Ngaxeshanye, kufuneka ukujongana Enyanisweni, ukuba ukonzakala ezinjalo. Ngoko, ke inani elithile yokwenzakala (inani lazo), apho phindwa phantsi kweemeko ezithile, amaqela efanayo omnye kwaye ngexesha elifanayo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le ukwenzakala - luphawu statistical, nto leyo evumela ukuba ukufumana umfanekiso opheleleyo enoba uhlobo oluthile umonakalo kumaqela athile abantu. Ndimele ndithi ukuba ezi mpawu zibalulekileyo. Ngapha koko, zenza kube lula ukuhlalutya Ezingubhubhani iintlobo ezahlukeneyo yokwenzakala, ngokunjalo ukukhetha ilungelo indlela yothintelo.

ukulimala mechanical

Ndakuqonda ukuba yokwenzakala - ezi ngxaki ezivela ngenxa yeemeko zokusingqongileyo, kufuneka ukuba izithathele ingqalelo iintlobo yokuhlelwa kwazo. Ekuqaleni siza kujolisa wokonzakala mechanical. Kulo mzekelo, i izicwili yabantu kuchaphazela amandla ngomatshini, ngenxa kwako impembelelo ethile kunye nomonakalo. Xa besithetha ngayo izilwanyana, umothuko mechanical baye benzakaliswa yi nezikrweqe, isabhokhwe, imixokelelwane (eziquka izinja). Xa abantu, loku limala zahlulwe iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela ezininzi:

• ukulimala zokusebenza. E. afunyenwe ngenxa yokuba uqhaqho.
• Random. Oko kunokuthi kwenzeke zombini ngenxa yokuba lo mntu (umz, ukwenzeka yokwenzakala ukusuka iharika) kunye ngokuzimeleyo ngayo (ngezitena esiwa phezu kwentloko).
• Tribal, t. E. Iveliswe ngexesha lenkqubo ukuvela umntwana azalwe.
• ukulimala Military. E. Ukuba afunyenwe ngelo xesha (yokulwa) zomkhosi imisebenzi.

Noko ke, le ulwahlulohlulo kuphela iingozi mechanical. Kananjalo Zahlula-hlulwe:

• ngqo (kukho kwindawo ethile ngenxa isicelo imikhosi mechanical ezibuhlungu) kunye ngqo (kuvela kwinqanaba isicelo yomkhosi ezibuhlungu (umzekelo, i dislocation kwegxalaba ngenxa Jump ukusuka kubude);
• ezininzi kunye eyodwa;
• closed (isidima ulusu kunye inwebu yangaphakathi kweli ityala umthetho, yaye oku kunokuba nemivumbo, komsipha, yamophula) kunye evulekileyo (ngenxa imifinya zabo yangaphakathi, kwakunye ingqibelelo izicwili yaphulwe, ntonje Ukophuka ezivulekileyo kunye dislocations).

Ukwenzakala ezenzeka ngenxa yokwenzakala mechanical

Ukuba umntu wonzakele, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka baqonde ukuba yintoni kanye oko. Ngokomzekelo, emva umonakalo kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokwenzakala ngomatshini:

1. Abrasions. Kule meko kuphula ingqibelelo sangaphandle (okanye ukubandezeleka kumphezulu layer nemithambo nkovu yonakele okanye imithambo yegazi). Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba abrasions kumphezulu njalo kuqala imanzi, ngoko ke elo legqunyiwe uqweqwe igazi ngobubende plasma. Le coarsening ekugqibeleni shwaka, kunye nendawo abrasions kangangexesha elithile kunokugcinwa ulusu nombala ezizodwa (umbala kuya kuba lula kancinci ulusu yesiqhelo). aphilise ngokupheleleyo abrasions emva kweveki okanye ezimbini emva kokuba zifunyenwe.
2. Ukulinyazwa. Bona kwakhiwa endaweni umonakalo ngenxa izitya komsipha. Ngoko, igazi inokubonwa ngokusebenzisa umaleko phezulu eluswini, ngoko ukwenzakala loo umbala obonakalayo imibala eluhlaza obomvu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, imibala ye Ukwaphuka liya kutshintsha oko bekuya kubonisa ukuba kungekudala uza shwaka (ukusuka emfusa-oluhlaza ube tyheli-noluhlaza). ixesha ekuphulukwene ngokupheleleyo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi kwaye yahluka abantu ezahlukeneyo (izinto ezichaphazela izinga ubunzulu alulame, ubungakanani kunye zalapha ekhaya kwabo umonakalo).
3. Komsipha. Yinto uhlobo olwahlukileyo ukubana abantu amathambo kwamalungu (njalo kuxokwa-ukonzakala ezimanyeneyo). Oku kwenzeka ubukhulu becala kwi yesiqephu ephezulu, akufane - apha ezantsi. Basenokuba sikhatshwe ukwaphuka emzimbeni. Bayiyeka ngoogqirha abanamava.
4. Ukophuka amathambo. Oku kukwaphula ingqibelelo onke amathambo abantu ngamathambo. Soloko ilandelwa lutshintsho lwemithetho izitshanguba ze ancedisana ezingqongileyo, imithambo yegazi kunye ugqabhuka kwezihlunu, kwakunye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo hemorrhages. Kwamathambo zivaliwe (indawo ngaphakathi kwizihlunu ezithambileyo) kwaye evulekileyo (kukho umsantsa ulusu, apho thambo eyaphukileyo enxibelelana yemeko ezisingqongileyo).
5. Amanxeba.

Iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu malunga amanxeba

Ngaloo ingqibelelo alimele ijwabu isifo. Amanxeba badla ukungena zibe izihlunu enzulu. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba trauma onjalo kunokuba yingozi kubantu ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi: ithuba ukopha; inyama indlebe ungakwazi ukungena usulelo; kukho ingozi phula ingqibelelo nje kuphela, kodwa ke amalungu zangaphakathi zisebenza.

Kukho ukuhlelwa amanxeba, leyo yahlulwe kuxhomekeka kwiimeko ingenzeka:

• Sika. Sukani nokubhenca abukhali ihamba into (amaninzi imela).
• Okuhlatywa. Lisetyenziswa kwi into, iba icandelo encinane emnqamlezweni.
• Ndihlatywe.
• Eqwengiweyo. Vuka ngenxa distension izicwili.
• Udla ezivela ngenxa yeziphumo kwi izinyo inyama yabantu.
• Bacanda. Isicelo into enzima elibukhali (kaninzi ke Izembe).
• Yokuwela ukulimala. Kule meko akukho nje umsantsa, kodwa atsho kwithishyu.
• Ulunywa. Ingaba ngenxa yaba buthuntu amandla trauma (okanye kuvuthelwa besixhobo luhlaza).
• Efile. Vuka ngenxa umpu okanye zilimale ordnance Uyadubula.
• inxeba Scalped - abo nesiphumo ukwahlulwa esikhumbeni.
• Ityhefu. Khawusuk 'ume kwimeko apho inxeba ngenxa trauma okanye nomntana ityhefu tapeworm.

Ezinye iindidi yokwenzakala

Ngenxa yoko, ukonzakala - a umonakalo izihlunu zomzimba kunye namaziko azimeleyo. Ukongeza oomatshini, kubabela elo ndidi zilandelayo kuwo:

1. ukulimala emhlabeni. Vuka ngenxa yesenzo emzimbeni lobushushu eliphezulu okanye ezisezantsi. Umonakalo ezinokwenzeka ngenxa yokwenzakala thermal: ukutsha (okubangelwa ukubekwa kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu) kunye frostbite (emzimbeni kwimeko enjalo, imiphumo kubushushu obuphantsi). Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ingozi enkulu kanye uhlobo lwesibini yokwenzakala - frostbite. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba baye-ebizwa ngokuba 'ixesha afihlakeleyo ", xa iziganeko iingxaki zomzimba ababuthathaka kakhulu kwaye lula.
2. ukulimala wesakhiwo. Kulo mzekelo, umzimba womntu udlula umbane okanye umbane zobugcisa. Oku kukhokelela ngamandla obushushu, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo, amaxesha amaninzi lona livutha.
3. Zemichiza ukuzilimaza ingalungiswa nezikhundla le asidi ephilayo, iziseko, iityuwa heavy metal kunye ezifana. D. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iikhemikhali ezithile kunokubangela intshabalalo, kodwa ezinye ingangena nzulu emzimbeni, ebangela umonakalo kakhulu.
4. Imisebe ukulimala. Yeyona ngenxa inyathelo eziphilayo yokuba ionizing radiation okanye, ukuba nje - radiation.
5. umothuko bemvelo bangenwe ezahlukeneyo, iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, ibinza, ubuthi izakhi.
6. nangokwengqondo. Olu hlobo ekhethekileyo ngxaki. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba Cazulula sijamelane kunzima kakhulu. Ngokwesiqhelo kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba iimvakalelo enzima. Oku kukhokelela ngayo ezahlukeneyo buhlungu bezigaba yawo kwaye yengqondo (kungaba into neurosis elula nokudandatheka).

Ucalulo ngu ebukhulwini yokulimala

iintlobo ezahlukeneyo yokwenzakala zonyango ahluka kwakhona yi iqondo ubungnqongqo. Ngesi njengenqobo ayinabantu:

• ukulimala ebuhlungu engapheliyo. Kulo mzekelo, izinto ezibukhali, ukwanda kokungazinzi ezibalulekileyo kubume bentlalo. Nokuqashwa owaphulelwa isithuba ngenyanga okanye ngaphezulu.
• ukulimala Moderate. Utshintsho yebinzana emzimbeni. Umntu Khubaza ithathwa iintsuku ezingama-10 ukuya kwi-30.
• iingozi ezincinane. Ukunyhashwa ezenzeka emzimbeni zithathwa Minor. ukulahleka yokusebenza akwenzeki.
• ukulimala olunamandla. Iintshukumo kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba kukho into ebuhlungu.
• ukulimala Chronic. Vuka ngenxa yokuba sesichengeni kwindawo enye kwi umzimba into efanayo ibuhlungu.
• Microtrauma. Kulo mzekelo, ngokwasemphefumlweni iiseli zeethishu.

Classification kuxhomekeke ezintweni zokusingqongileyo

A umahluko kwakhona kukwenzakala kuxhomekeke imiba yokusingqongileyo. Kule meko kulisiko ukuthetha ngezi ntlobo zazo:

1. ukulimala Industrial. E., Abo kwenzeka le mveliso.
2. War lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba - zingafumaneka ngenxa yesenzo emkhosini.
3. ukulimala zezoLimo emasimini, iiyadi iinkomo, njalo-njalo. D.
4. Ukwenzakala Personal zingafumaneka kwindawo basekhaya.
5. Zokuhamba kukwenzakala isicelo wobugcisa.
6. ukulimala imidlalo ngenxa yokudlala lezemidlalo (abaqeqeshiweyo eziqhelekileyo).
7. trauma ebuntwaneni ingaba umntu bengekafiki kwiminyaka eli-14 ubudala.

lokuqala zoncedo

Ngoko nangoko emva isiganeko esinjalo, efana nangephina, ixhoba kwixesha elizayo oko kuyimfuneko ukuze libonelele uncedo kunokwenzeka. Yena, ke, ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke imiba eyahlukeneyo. Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba kwiimeko ezininzi xa nayiphi na ukwenzakala kuhle ukuba ufune uncedo lukagqirha: hamba uye kwiziko lonyango elikufutshane. Okanye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ubize inqwelo yezigulana. Ngapha koko, kuphela uchwepheshe abaqeqeshiweyo kuyisombulula loongxaki ziingxaki ezahlukahlukeneyo ubungnqongqo.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa kwimeko ethile

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, uncedo yomenzakalo ziya kwahluka kakhulu. Noko ke, kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ukuba umntu ufuna ukwazi ngezinto onokuzenza kufuneka isicelo kwindawo yokuqala.

• Enyelisa. Ndiyaqonda ukuba lo mntu ofumana oku ngxaki, kunokwenzeka ukuba intlungu. Kwakhona, i-siphoso kwenzeka ukufukuka, okanye Imivumbo. Kwi Ngokucofa-ndawo, ndisolulela buhlungu kakhulu. Kulo mzekelo, indawo owenzakeleyo ibe ukusebenzisa umhlabelo, ukuba anciphise intshukumo. Kufuneka kusetyenziswe phezu ngumkhenkce. Le ndawo kakhulu wokwenzakala kufuneka zibekwe ngentla kancinci inqanaba intloko (kulo mzekelo, ungenza ukunciphisa ukufukuka kunye Imivumbo).
• Malunga dislocation "Ndithi" indawo nemvelo le imilenze. Kakade, ixhoba wayeza iintlungu zazinzima kakhulu. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukulungisa omzimba angenzakali kwi sikhundla lula, isicelo ice ndiye kugqirha. Qaphela: self-ukunciphisa i dislocation akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo!
• Ukuba ukwenzakala ungenza kuphela ebandayo. Amaxesha ungafuna entengo bandage.
• Zaphuka. Ukuqonda ukuba umntu yenguquko, ekhangele kuphela kwi-x-reyi. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho urhano le ngxaki, kufuneka ngoko nangoko uye kwagqirha. Pre-imfuneko ukulungisa kwesebe, immobilizing kuyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Unakho ukusebenzisa ngumkhenkce.
• Amanxeba. Okokuqala, kufuneka uqinisekise ukususa. Kuba oku kuluncedo ukuba ukufudumeza amanzi, okanye okungcono kodwa, "iperoksayidi yehidrojeni" ukubaleka. Xa kufuneka simiswe ukopha. Kungqameko inxeba iodine baluphosa uphawu. Emva kwako konke oku, ungenza isicelo i, iqhiya ecocekileyo eyomileyo.
• Ekubeni frostbite kuyimfuneko ukumelana nobushushu owomileyo. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ufuna kancinci kangangoko ukuba bachukumise ulusu phezu kommandla ochaphazelekayo lomzimba.
• Eshe kufuneka zipholile phantsi isebenza zamanzi abandayo achaphazelekileyo umzimba. ixesha Ukupholisa Optimal - imizuzu eli-15-20. Ukuba kwama-20% kweendawo achaphazelekileyo umzimba, wawusongela kwi ixhoba ecocekileyo, wayithi nkxu emanzini abandayo, sheet. Kufuneka banikwe i iintlungu. Emva koko, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukubiza kwaoko inqwelo yezigulana.
• Xa ifuthe shoka umntu wokuqala kufuneka kukhululwa intshukumo yayo. Umzekelo, uyakwazi ukucima i Main Switch okanye "tsala" nexhoba kunye ngoncedo iibhodi okanye izinti. Xa kungekho tyala ningayichukumisi mntu, ngubani lo uyasebenza ngoku, ngenxa yokuba Yekani kuquka ubomi babantu! Emva uhlukunyezwe ixhoba kufuneka abulawe, indawo, nika isiselo efudumeleyo. Ukuba akukho ezingqondweni, kuyimfuneko ukunika zijoje of umphunga ammonia. Ukuba akukho intliziyo, kwakufuneka yokuthanjiswa intliziyo kunye nokusetyenziswa internal ukungavani 'umlomo emlonyeni ".

unyango

Okubalulekileyo, unyango zokwenzakala nazo zinokuba kakhulu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Kuya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke monakalo kakhulu. Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, uyakwazi ukunika wena uncedo yakho kunokwenzeka. Xa uninzi iinketho zonyango kufuneka banyulwe ngugqirha. Umzekelo, ukwenzakala zobuchopho baphathwa ixesha elide kakhulu. Kulo mzekelo, iindleko iza kuba kubi kakhulu. Phantsi yokwenzakala yesiqhelo abadli nokuba kufuneka ufune uncedo kagqirha. Kwaye ukuba yokuzifumana musa ukuba naluphi na uhlobo iindleko eziphathekayo.

imiphumela

Yintoni, ke, mhlawumbi kungaba nemiphumela trauma? Kwakhona akukho impendulo ecacileyo. konke kuxhomekeke kuhlobo umonakalo wayeyindoda. Ngoko ke, ukuba kwakukho Ukwaphuka eqhelekileyo okanye ukutyumka, emva kwexesha elithile ngalo akazange ahlale izikhumbuzo yangaphandle. Ukuba kukho ingxaki, imiphumo iya kuba. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba zingabonakali ngaphandle. Kodwa ke ukuhlala nje ngaphakathi. Ngaphezu koko, kule meko somzimba eziintsalu rhoqo ukhumbuza ngokwakhe. Oku kuboniswa "Ukucofa" imozulu. Eyona kakhulu ifuthe iingozi kwemitha.