Ukuxinana kwezi Tungsten. Iimpawu kunye nokusebenzisa Tungsten

Yintoni lexinene Tungsten? Yintoni sisiseko isicelo sayo? Siya kufuna iimpendulo zale mibuzo kunye.

Imeko kwi SS

Le yinkalo imichiza kwiqela wesithandathu kule nkqubo ngamaxesha athile. serial number 74, ubukhulu ubunzima isalamane atomic ka 183,85. Iimpawu ezizodwa Tungsten zigqitywa yesiqalo sayo yokunyibilika eliphezulu. He kubhekwa enye i iintsimbi kakhulu eliyinjubaqa. Xa Tungsten yendalo iqulethe izinto ezineeathom ezilinganayo ezintlanu kuzinza, nto leyo kufuneka amanani ubunzima efanayo ukusuka 180 ukuya 186.

element Ivula

Le Ingxenye chemical lwafumaneka ngenkulungwane ye-18 emva kwexesha. Scheele K. zaphumelela ukuzikhetha oko ezimbiwa, apho wentsimbi uqulathwe nje oxide. Tungsten ixesha kudala phantse akukho sicelo mveliso, ayiyi ifunwe. Kuphela phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-19, intsimbi waqalisa kusetyenziswa isongezo, ekwenziweni amandla ensimbi ophezulu.

Contents endalweni

In eqweqweni ilungu esebenzayo na imali engephi. Le fomu free alifumaneki, oko ise kuphela ngohlobo kwezimbiwa. Yandile industrial ukusebenzisa oxides yayo.

iipropati ngokomzimba

19300 - ezixineneyo Tungsten kg / m3 kwi nemiqathango yomgangatho. I intsimbi Iifomu aphindwe emkhusaneni concentric-embindini umzimba. Yena luphawu kakuhle amandla ubushushu. lobushushu lomlingani High Tungsten ucacisa refractoriness yayo. Iqondo lobushushu yokunyibilika yi degrees 3380 Celsius. Iimpawu mechanical iimpembelelo pretreatment yayo. Ngenxa Tungsten ezinoxinano kwi-20 ne-19 3 g / cm3, oko makwaziswe imeko oononye yikristale ifayibha. Le propati isetyenziselwa ekwenziweni wire lulo. Xa iimeko lobushushu egumbini Tungsten sele ductility encinane.

Iimpawu Tungsten

Enkulu Tungsten mninzi incamathela olu iipropati inxenye. Uye kakhulu izinga eliphantsi komphunga, abilayo high ngongoma. Ngokwemiqathango Unikezelo lombane ngaphantsi koko ngobhedu Tungsten kathathu. It is a ingxinano enkulu Tungsten ukunciphisa imihlaba ukusetyenziswa kwayo. Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwayo ichaphazela ubu bhetele kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi, kozinzo ukuba igcwala ngu ioksijini emoyeni kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi.

Ngeempawu zangaphandle Tungsten iyafana ngentsimbi. Isetyenziswa ukwenziwa aluminiyamu ngokukhulisa amandla. processing Tungsten lwenziwa kuphela kwi lobushushu ephakamileyo.

Stamps Tungsten

Hayi nje lexinene Tungsten, kodwa ongeziweyo ezisetyenziswa yokunyibilikisa isinyithi, zibonakaliswa kwi uphawu sentsimbi. Umzekelo, IA kuthatha umxube Tungsten nge-aluminiyam kwaye lesilicon. Ukuze kweziphumo zeBakala fever recrystallization ezithile ekuqaleni, amandla emva annealing.

Kufuneka ukongeza phezulu ukuba Tungsten njengoko isongezo yi lanthanum oxide leyo eyandisa iimpawu ukuphuma intsimbi.

CF - an intsila of Tungsten kunye molybdenum. ukwakheka enjalo kuphucula amandla, ductility wentsimbi igcina emva annealing.

Field of Tungsten usebenzisa

Iimpawu ezizodwa ngentsimbi kusengaphambili isicelo sayo. Xa isikali mveliso, lisetyenziswa kwifomu olunyulu njengoko aluminium.

Tungsten ekhaya esetyenziswa ikakhulu izicelo zombane.

Yiloo nto isetyenziswa njengecandelo ephambili (element alloying) ngexesha imveliso yodidi ngesantya esiphezulu. Kwi-avareji, isiqulatho Tungsten ivela ezilithoba ukuya amabini ekhulwini. Ukongeza, nguye yinxalenye ngentsimbi isixhobo.

Ezo iifolokhwe yodidi ezisetyenziselwa nokuveliswa nakubaxholi kokuba, izilumkiso, ayekelele, uyafa. Umzekelo, kwi-high speed intsimbi R6M5 zibonisa ukuba sobhedu exutyiweyo kunye ayibe kunye molybdenum. Ukongezelela, Tungsten iqulethwe yodidi ngemagnethi zahlulwe iintlobo volframokobaltovye kunye Tungsten.

Tungsten kubomi bemihla ngemihla kakhulu eyayingabangangwa ngendlela ecocekileyo. Tungsten khabhayithi yikhompawundi le yentsimbi carbon. Umchiza luphawulwa lukhuni aphezulu, refractoriness, anxibe ukuxhathisa ngokunjalo. Ngokusekelwe izixhobo khabhayithi Tungsten zenziwa aluminium zemveliso esiqinileyo equlathe malunga 90 ekhulwini Tungsten, yaye malunga ne-10 ekhulwini ayibe. metal nzima ukusika izabelo ukudala ukubhola kunye nezixhobo ahlabayo.

Iintlobo yodidi esekelwe Tungsten

Nxiba-ukumelana kunye aluminiyamu ubushushu-resistant esekelwe infusibility Tungsten. Kushishino Tungsten eqhelekileyo eqhola kunye ayibe kunye chromium, ezo zibizwa ngokuba stellite. Yabo welding isicelo kwi-banxibe isabelo iinxalenye oomatshini mveliso.

aluminiyamu "Heavy" kunye zoqhagamshelwano - umxube Tungsten ngesiliva okanye ubhedu. Bona ingqalelo ngokwaneleyo izixhobo zoqhagamshelwano echukumisayo ngoko isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwiindawo zomsebenzi zoqhagamshelwano-electrode ukuba itshatshazi lithe iintsimbi, kwaye ukuzakhela breakers beesekethe.

Xa uhlobo wire, amanqaku kwaphunyezwa, Tungsten iribhoni ezisetyenziswa elektroniki, ekwenziweni izibane zombane, kwakunye nobugcisa X-ray. Yiyo le wentsimbi ingqalelo lo mbandela ulungileyo ukudala ahamba kunye nebomvu ntambo.

kweentonga ezo Tungsten kunye iingcingo ezifunekayo nokuveliswa Izifudumezi zombane ukuba emlilweni aphezulu obushushu. Izifudumezi ngokusekelwe Tungsten bakwazi ukusebenza phantsi yegesi umoya egalelwe yeehidrojeni e vacuo.

Enye macandelo abaluleke kakhulu ukusetyenziswa Tungsten nto ukuwelda. Ngawo ukudala electrode asetyenziswa arc. I electrode kuphumela zithathwa nonconsumable.

Ukulungiswa metal eliyinjubaqa

Yimalini Tungsten? Ixabiso kg nganye kuluhlu ukusuka engange-900 ukuya 1200. It kokwabo iqela lweziqalelo metal ezinqabileyo. Kananjalo apha irenki efanayo Tungsten rubidium, molybdenum. izinyithi Rare kukhona ukusebenzisa isikali ezincinane ngenxa ingqalelo nkoka kolu qweqwe lomhlaba. Akukho nanye kwezi iintsimbi ayikwazi zingafunyanwa ukuncitshiswa ngqo zempahla ekrwada. Ukuqala nge ikrwada ukwenzela neekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo. Qaphela ukuba wenziwe kwaye ezizodwa processing ezongezelelweyo zesinyithi processing ngokupheleleyo.

Kwikhonkco processing abafumana Tungsten enqabileyo amabakala amathathu. Kuqala siqala ekrwada ikhutshwa phandle olwahlula yesinyithi wachacha ngokobunzima izinto, kwakunye ingqalelo yayo kwenze okanye isisombululo. Eminye uthatha afana iikhompawundi nyulu, ukhetho kuliwa, kunye imichiza zokucoca. Isigaba sesithathu uyazimela metal okuhlamba ukusuka ukungcola oxide.

Njengoko izinto ekrwada ekwenziweni Tungsten izenzo wolframite. Le ekrwada iqulathe malunga amabini ekhulwini metal ecocekileyo. Ore ikhutshwa phandle ayinto, womxhuzulane, umoya okanye ukwahlukana ngemagnethi. Emva abunjwe zokuzikhulisa Tungsten mxube, equlethe-65 ekhulwini Tungsten oxide (6). Ukongezelela metal, imixutywa ezinjalo ziqulathe nezingcoliso isalfure, ikopolo, phosphorous, iarseniki, bismuth, kwistibhiya. Yimalini Tungsten? Ixabiso ikilogram malunga liwaka engange. Ukuze kuveliswe powder Tungsten, ukuba kuyimfuneko kwakhona icarbon dioxide okanye hydrogen.

Ikakhulu kusetyenziswa indlela hydrogenation, ekubeni carbon lifakiwe embrittlement metal ibe nefuthe elibi processability yayo. iindlela ezizodwa asetyenziswa ukwenziwa Tungsten lomgubo, ezivumela ukuba ukuhlalutya ukwakhiwa, ubungakanani okuziinkozo kunye nokwakhiwa ezo granules kwakhiwa.

hydrogen Icwecwe kakhulu ngokohlobo yezitena etshe asetyenziswa njengoko preforms ekwenziweni kweemveliso semi-ogqityiweyo ezifana iribhoni, ucingo.

ezimbini iindlela ezisetyenziswayo ngoku yokudala Tungsten compact. Indlela lokuqala lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa powder yokunyibilikisa isinyithi. Njengoko indlela yesibini vumela ukusetyenziswa electric arc ziko equka ukusetyenziswa consumable electrode.

Eyona eziqhelekileyo iindidi zemveliso eziveliswa ukusuka Tungsten metal kwaye ziyakubaluleka ekhethekileyo, ziintonga Tungsten. Lungiselela yacaca yacaca imivalo kumatshini okhethekileyo. iimveliso Kugqityiwe ezisetyenziswa kumacandelo ahlukeneyo oshishino lwangoku. Ngokomzekelo, ngenxa non-eziphelayo electrode lwabo welding ifunyenwe. Ukongeza, iintonga Tungsten zisetyenziswa xa kudalwa izifudumezi. Ba ezifunwayo izixhobo obhobhozayo igesi, iibhalbhu zombane.