Ukunyamekela iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha esibhedlele yaye emva osenyameni

Xa isibini abe nomntwana, uMama noTata uchitha lonke ixesha kuwo, kuba ngaphandle ngenyameko itakane nje akayi kuba nako ukuphuhlisa ngokuqhelekileyo, mhlawumbi asinde. Yaye kuthekani ukuba umntwana wazalelwa ngaphambi kwexesha? Ukukhathalela abantwana ngaphambi kwexesha kufuneka ezizodwa, ngenxa yokuba kwiimvuthuluka ezinjalo ngamanye amaxesha ukuba aphefumle makangayidli ngaphandle koncedo.

Kutshanje, oogqirha abangazange bayenze ukuvuseleleka usindise nobomi kosana, ogama ubunzima ngaphantsi kwe lohamba nekhilogram enye ezelwe. Ngoku yonke into itshintshile, neengcali kunganika ithuba umntu omncinane, owazalwa ubungakanani palm kwaye inobunzima isiqingatha Kilo. Malunga ukunyamekela iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha kwigumbi labagula kakhulu, esibhedlele, ekhaya emva kokuba ukugxothwa kunye neminye imiqathango eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

Abantwana abazalwe ngaphambi kwexesha: Iimpawu

neentsana Full-elide abo bazalwa th 37 ukuya 42 we kwiveki yokukhulelwa. Ukuba umntwana wazalelwa phambi sicinywa, loo nto ithathwa kwexesha. Ingxaki ephambili iintsana enjalo wokungaphuhliswa enyama yangaphakathi, kwaye kwizizukulwana zangaphambili kwakukho kukuwaxhalela ngokucokisekileyo ngakumbi umntwana efunekayo. unonophelo lokonga lweentsana ngaphambi kwexesha luqala ngomzuzu yokuqala yobomi bakhe, kamama ngokuzimeleyo ukuqala ekunyamekeleni Chad lakhe kuphela emva kokuba imvume udokotela, kodwa ngaloo kamva. Ngoxa sinomdla baby amalungu ethile, leyo owazalwa ngaphambi kwexesha na. nga prigolubit njani ngokukhawuleza umama nosana lwakhe? Konke kuxhomekeke iqondo prematurity. share Iyonke degrees ezintathu:

1. prematurity Extreme - inobunzima ngaphantsi kwe kwekilogram.
2. njengokuzalwa kakhulu - ubunzima kwekilogram enesiqingatha.
3. Prematurity - ubunzima isiqingatha kilogram ukuya ezimbini ezinesiqingatha.

Ezona mpawu ziphambili umntwana ngaphambi:

• ubunzima low;
• ukwanda amancinci (ukuya kwi-46 cm);
• umzimba disproportionally kwakhiwa (nentloko enkulu, imilenze ezimfutshane, intamo, nasemiphakathweni lwaye kwicala inkaba);
• imilo ahanjiswa ye lukakayi, kunye fontanel ibonakale ngokucacileyo sutures;
• iindlebe icinezelwe ngci entlokweni yakhe, soft kunene;
• isikhumba ibhityile kakhulu kwaye ukushwabana, ukuze kukhanye zonke neminatha;
• Umphezulu umzimba ligutyungelwe fuzz encinane;
• Umaleko fat emsebenzini ngokupheleleyo;
• phezu iingalo kunye nemilenze abe iinzipho ngokwaneleyo, okanye engekho ngokupheleleyo;
• amasende amdaka yamakhwenkwe emqhokrweni pudendal unclosed emantombazaneni.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba zonke ezi mpawu zingasentla kufuneka zithathwe kunye. siye kuphela ke ukuthetha malunga iimpawu nokunyamekelwa iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha. Ukuba, ke, wabonisa enye into, oko ibonisa ngezifo asililo prematurity.

Ukuziphatha kosana ezalwe

Seentsana phambi kwexesha lakho, kunye nokuziphatha ezahlukeneyo. Ba sebenzi, kukho kwezihlunu kuyehla. Kids sleepy (oko oqaphelekayo nkqu kwisiqalo yokuba iintsana ngokupheleleyo elide ukulala phantse njalo), begubha ke kungekho sizathu kwaye uqale ukususa zazivelela. Ingakumbi nzima ukunyamekela abantwana ngaphambi kwexesha akukho reflex owanyayo. Tiny ulambile, kodwa andazi ukuba adle njani.

Ngokufutshane malunga ukukhathalela abantwana ngaphambi kwexesha

Sicebisa ukuba siqwalasele nezo nokunakekela umntwana, kwaye ke uye ngokusebenzisa umba ngamnye iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu.

unonophelo lokonga lweentsana ngaphambi kwexesha, njengoko sele sitshilo, iqala kunye imizuzwana yokuqala yobomi bakhe. Into yokuqala kokuba kuthathwe ube ilweyile efudumeleyo uze wenze umoya xa kuyimfuneko. Le nkqubo ibalulekileyo. baby yokuphefumla kunokulungiswa okanye siyeke ukutshaya, ukususela ekuqaleni usana olungekazalwa ephuhliswa lunezinto ngokwaneleyo - into elinoxanduva ukuphefumla efanelekileyo. Ngoko ke, lung izicwili ayikwazi ayinakolulwa ngokupheleleyo.

Ingxaki yesibini - iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha engekakulungeli ukuba ubukho komzimba kweli hlabathi, ukuba abe ukungabikho ongama ngamanqatha maleko, ngoko thermoregulation ayikho egqibeleleyo. Kids supercooled ngokukhawuleza kwaye shushu ngokugqithisileyo, njengoko ubushushu kokugquma yohluka kakhulu kuyo oko esibelekweni.

Kwixesha elidlulileyo, le ngxaki isonjululwe uyigqume usana ngoboya yomqhaphu okanye wayibeka phezu esitovini efudumeleyo. Ngoku ingxaki lobushushu emzimbeni usana olawula iyatyhilwa ngokwahlukileyo: usana ngaphambi kwexesha ibekwa ngendlela incubator, okanye, ngendlela elula, ngesifukamisi. Kukho ufumana imali eyaneleyo ioksijini, oko uyazimela ngumsindo kunye nokukhanya. Amaqondo obushushu nokufuma kwi isifukamisi kulawulwa, iimeko ezifana intrauterine.

Ukondla iingxaki, kakhulu, bengekho. Iimpawu unonophelo lokonga zeentsana ngaphambi yimbeleko, esweni imeko jikelele, kakade, ekondleni. abasebenzi Medical ithatha ubisi va lukamama, kudibanisa iivithamini kuyimfuneko, iiprotheni kunye neeminerali. Umfazi xa athe akukho ubisi, kusetyenziswa indlela usana, eyenzelwe ngokukodwa abantwana abazalwa ngaphambi kwexesha. Ekondleni usana, ukuba wavuma ibhekiswa phambili owanyayo reflex lwenziwa usebenzisa isirinji.

Baby, nto leyo ziphuhliswa kakuhle reflex ukunika ibhotile. Ukuba ubunzima umntwana omncinci ukuze nokuba ukuginya, ityhubhu naso-esiswini sisetyenziswa okanye alawulwa izondlo yegazi. I-probe yaziswa nge Senga kwiimvuthuluka, ubisi ngeedosi ezincinane oko kuya esiswini. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ekondleni usana ezalwe - iqhezu kunye iinxalenye ezincinane, kwanokuba oko: Umlinganiseli iikhilogram ngaphezu ezimbini. Imizimba yazo zange ziphuhliswe ngokwaneleyo ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo. unonophelo lokonga lweentsana ngaphambi kwexesha inyanzelekile. Ngapha koko, umama ukuze overfeed.

Ukukhathalela abantwana ngaphambi kwexesha kwi kwisibhedlele usaqala mayingabi kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho iingxaki zempilo. Kulo mzekelo, usana yadluliselwa kwicandelo labagula kakhulu.

ukunakekelwa ngokumphefumlela

Ukulondolozwa usana ngaphambi kwexesha nosana usaqala ithatha abasebenzi bezempilo esibhedlele. Amaninzi ngoko nangoko emva kokuzalwa komntwana ingena kwicandelo labagula kakhulu abantwana bakhe, yaye kakuhle, ukuba ikhaya lokonga iyafumaneka. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuba esibhedlele akukho ukwahlukana enjalo.

Imvuthuluka Into yokuqala ukutyelela cardiologist, luvo, zamathambo, zamehlo, neurosonography olwenziwa (ultrasound Cerebral), ukuba kuyimfuneko, ultrasound nezibilini. Ukongeza, umchamo ziqokelelwa, igazi. Emva kokuba usana mazifakwe iinkqubo isifo.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba esibhedlele akanayo bazamile layo? Akazange abe nethuba 'ndaxhwitha "lo mntwana? Into enjalo. Zonke izibhedlele maternity baxhotyiswe ngezixhobo eziyimfuneko ukuze anyamekele iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha, kukho ekhoyo kunye iyunithi yokuphefumla, kwaye ngesifukamisi, kunye neemveliso ezizodwa eyenzelwe ukugcina kwiimvuthuluka yobomi, kwaye neonatologist - oyingcaphephe eqeqeshwe wanyisa abantwana bazalwa ingelilo ixesha olinikiweyo.

Kodwa kukho ingxaki: neonatologists, andifuni kuphela emva iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha, kodwa kufuneka abe khona ekuzalweni nganye ezilandelayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kokwakhelwa ngaphambi iya kuba ncinane kwaye neonatologist basenokungakuqondi ngendlela echanileyo ukuba bonke ngequbuliso kukho imfuneko ukugcina imvuthuluka.

Xa labagula kakhulu ukusebenza abongikazi kunye neonatologists, abo kuphela owanyayo uxanduva seyinikiwe kwisebe abantwana babo. Kulo mzekelo, usana kuya kuba rhoqo phantsi kweliso zonyango elindile.

Ukuba umntwana wakho kufuna labagula kakhulu kwaye esibhedlele akunjalo, ngoko, emva nokuzinziswa imeko yakhe iza asiwe kwesinye isibhedlele, apho kukho imfuneko ukwahlula. Ukuhanjiswa oluqhutywa umatshini olulodwa, nto leyo eye izixhobo yokuphefumla, isifo kunye nezinye izixhobo eziyimfuneko ukuze siphile.

Xa usana kwigumbi labagula kakhulu, nomama wam ukuza kwayo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kodwa ukuba 'ukuthetha' kuphela kwiglasi incubator (isifo). Kukho sisikhululo apho kunokwenzeka ukutyelela umntwana naliphi na ixesha lemini.

lweehagu

Abazali kids wazalwa ekuqaleni, kufuneka wazi zonke iinkcukacha kunye neempawu nokunyamekelwa iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha, ukuba ungakhathazeki ngaye lo mntwana. Abantu abaninzi baqala ukuba ukhathazeke ngokugqithiseleyo ngenxa yomphefumlo iimvuthuluka musa ukucinga ukuba uza ukumelana. Kakade ke, kunzima kakhulu ukuya kwixesha elinzima kangaka abantu abalupheleyo, kodwa inkqubela akemi ngxi, kunye nabasebenzi bezempilo unako ukusindisa nkqu kwelincinane.

Ukuba ubunzima somntwana ukuya obunzima buziikhilogram ezimbini kwaye ngokumungunya reflex ephuhliswa kakuhle, kukho amathuba lokuncancisa. Umama uya kukhe kwiimvuthuluka phezu kwezandla zakhe, ukutya kwaye lisincede nkhathalelo abasebenzi bezonyango. Bottle okanye isirinji yokondla umongikazi kuphela, ngoko akukho iingxaki kuvuleke iminxunya. Njengokuba kubhaliwe ngaphambili, ukuba reflex owanyayo engekho okanye ziphuhliswe kakuhle, izitho zokugaya abakwazi ukumelana ngokupheleleyo kulo msebenzi, ukutya kufuneka iqhezu.

Kiddies ngaphambi kufuneka isixa esikhulu ulwelo. Kudla umzimba Isetyenziswa ukulondoloza 1/1 exutywe kunye nesisombululo-5% glucose ukukhala. Ukongeza, iivithamini kubalulekile, ngemihla embalwa yokuqala qiniseka ukwazisa riboflavin, vitamin K kunye E, ascorbic acid, hydrochloride. Ukujolisa kwi imeko ngamnye usana, ugqirha unokuchaza ezinye iivithamini.

Emva kwethutyana, ukutya usana akayi kuba nantoni na eyahlukileyo ngoontanga ngamandla. Kodwa nisaqala ngumongikazi kufuna izongezo eyodwa kuphuhliso kunye nokukhula iimvuthuluka zaye olukhawulezisiweyo.

Abazali Sinokuqiniseka njani, kuba amava ukutya ayikho imfuneko. Kungekudala, mixture yakho iya kuthatha ithuba layo kunye mncane, usana abatyhafileyo kwi yayisakhasa ochwayitileyo kamnandi-Interface kunye esebenzayo.

Zokonga esibhedlele

Ukunyamekela abantwana ngaphambi kwexesha ngokuyimfuneko iqala kunye neSebe leengxaki of kuzalwa esibhedlele. Apha lo mntwana uya kusoloko kuba phantsi kweliso abongikazi kunye noogqirha baya kuqeshwa iinkqubo eziyimfuneko, uhlolo.

Translation usana ukwahlukana zingenakukwazi kwenziwa kuphela xa efumana ubunzima bomzimba esingekho ngaphantsi kwe amabini eekhilogram, eli usana ubisi ngokwabo ukujongana ummiselo ubushushu bomzimba, ukuphefumla kakuhle. Ubude bexesha lokuhlala kweli isifukamisi ixhomekeke ebukhulwini iqondo prematurity, kukho izinto ezine:

• isidanga sokuqala - ukuzalwa kwi kota ukusuka 37 ukuya kwiiveki 35;
• bolwesibini udidi - ukusuka kuma-34 ukuya kwiiveki 32;
• degree sesithathu - iiveki 31-29;
• degree lesine - 28 ngaphantsi.

Ukuba ngexesha bekhululwe esibhedlele umama womntwana lifikelele ubuncinane parameters, nto leyo ukunyamekela usana ngaphambi kwexesha ekhaya, wonyuka ukuba aye ekhaya nomama wakhe. Noko ke, ukuba, imfuneko bazamile akusekho langoku, kodwa wahlala ezinokubeka impilo, umntwana idluliselwe isebe zabantwana. Umama ngokwakhe isigqibo sokuba enze kuwo: hamba uye esibhedlele kunye nemiqhathane, okanye eze esibhedlele ukuba ngumongikazi.

Esibhedlela

isebe abantwana ezizodwa ngayo umntwana ozelwe ngaphambi kwexesha, ikhutshelwa ngokomyalelo wezifo kunye neonatology. Loo kufuduka kunokwenzeka nokuba mixture sisasetyenziswayo wondla kumbhobho kwaye kufuneka isondlo nokuphefumla ngumntu. Bonke ukunyamekela iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha kulo mzekelo - ezandleni abasebenzi bezonyango.

Umntwana abekwe indlwana eshushu okanye isifo. Esibhedlele zoviwo olupheleleyo lwenziwa, oko sibhekiswe ekufumanekeni kwezifo yemfuza ezimbi. Baby ihlole iingcali emxinwa, oqeshwe yi iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko kunye neenkqubo.

dynamics Positive kudla iqala ukukhula ukususela kumhla phambi kokuzalwa ezilindelekileyo, okt umhla xa umntwana wayeza kuzalelwa kwexesha. Ixesha lokuhlala esibhedlele kuxhomekeke kwindlela ngokukhawuleza usana bafumane ubunzima, funda ukuba ndimanyise zibizele, ukuba nokufumaneka ezimbi ezichongiweyo. unyango esibhedlele ungatsala ukusuka kwiiveki ukuya kwiinyanga eziliqela.

indlu

Xa mixture kukuba ekugqibeleni ukulungele ukuya ekhaya, ugqirha unika eneenkcukacha iingcebiso kubazali. Ukunyamekela usana ezalwe emva osenyameni inzima kakhulu, ingakumbi ukuba izibini apho umntwana wokuqala azalwe. Ubunzima siyifumana yokuba kwiimvuthuluka kuphela eluncancisa kubasebenzi abongayo kwakunye nabazali usenokuba nofifi malunga nendlela ukuba mabenze ntoni.

Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ukuba umntwana wazalelwa ngaphambi kwexesha, nokwabela kufuneka ngenxa yezazela zabo. Ukuba ngesizathu esithile, wezifo akazange eze ukubeka ngemini, tsalela eklinikhi kwaye ucele ukuba tyelelo. Ngoku makhe siqwalasele ngokweenkcukacha ins kunye outs ngenyameko ekhaya usana ngaphambi kwexesha, ekufuneka awakaziwa onke amalungu entsapho abahlala kwigumbi elinye.

1. Eyokuqala oko kuluncedo ebukele - ke ubushushu moya kwiimvuthuluka gumbi, kufuneka ube malunga 22 degrees. Khumbula ukuba iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha babe neengxaki kunye nabalawuli.
2. Ageze umntwana ekhaya okokuqala emva kokuba sigqibo umi GP. Yangasese ukufudumala ku degrees-24, yaye amanzi kufuneka ibe kufutshane lobushushu emzimbeni. Emva kokuhlamba usana kuzisula ngenyameko itawuli ethambileyo kunye abangenazimpahla zifudumeleyo, njengoko abantwana ngokuzalwa ngexesha, nga supercooled ngokukhawuleza.
3. Ukuhamba ayahlukanga kwezo zabelwe iintsana ngokupheleleyo-term. Ehlotyeni efudumeleyo ungaya waphuma ukuphefumla umoya ngoko nangoko emva osenyameni, ndiyabiza ebandayo - ngenyanga. I yokuqala yokuhamba ithatha iyure elingangesiqingatha, ixesha ngokuthe kwandisa.
4. Lwebele abantwana ngaphambi kwexesha emva osenyameni, amaxesha kuba nzima, njengoko uya kuba 'bawuphanga' ibhotile yaye kuya kuba wonqena kakhulu ukuncancisa. Kodwa zama ukuba ukuncancisa rhoqo kangangoko okanye ukuvakalisa ubisi, ndiwalusele ukuba umntwana wabo, ngenxa yokuba ubisi lwebele - zizeyeyona nto ibalulekileyo amandla kunyaka wabo wokuqala bezelwe. Ukuba une ubisi ngokwaneleyo okanye ilahlekile ngokupheleleyo emva kokuba uxinzelelo eziveliswa ngenxa amava ubomi kwiimvuthuluka bakhe, ngoko athenge umxube ezenzelwe iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha.
5. Xa ukukhathalela abantwana ngaphambi kwexesha ekhaya qiniseka ukuba ukuvula kusakhelwa rhoqo! Xa usana sele ngababuthuntu, amandla, akavumi ukondla Kunjani kakhulu, ngoko nangoko kubiza ugqirha wakho, ingumqondiso embi kakhulu.

ngenxa yokuba wanyamekela umntwana yokuya kwi kwezigulane

Cwangcisa ukuba balobe abantwana abazelwe ekuqaleni, wenza ngamnye. Abantwana abazalwe ngaphambi badla ubunzima ngenxa isifo sezintso, iliso, ngezifo luvo waphawula. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na impatho embi, usana phezu akhawunti kugqirha kuyimfuneko kwaye kufuneka rhoqo ukuya ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ngokuqeshwa kwabo.

Ukuba encane yakho lingenakumbi ngokugqibeleleyo, oko kufuneka sihlolwe ngenyanga kuphela eklinikhi ezikuzo iingcali, ezo ziveliswa kwi 'Days abantwana esempilweni. " Kwisithuba senyanga, umongikazi wesithili uya kuhamba nawe, nibone, ukuba ukuqinisekisa kakuhle-ntle umntwana.

Uphuhliso iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha

Ukuba umntu omncinane wazalwa ekuqaleni kwiinyanga zokuqala ezimbini yobomi bakhe, uya phantse kusoloko kulala, ndidinwe ngokukhawuleza nangona umsebenzi ophantsi. Emva kweenyanga ezimbini ubudala, umntwana uya kuqalisa ukuphuhlisa ngokukhawuleza, intshukumo esebenzayo ngakumbi ukuba ezinokukhokelela uhlobo lomzimba kwezihlunu. Kulula ukuba ukususa uqheliso ezizodwa.

Asimele silibale ukuba luvo kwiintsana ngaphambi kwexesha buthathaka, ngoko ke umntwana angaqala kungekho sizathu, ukoyika iintshukumo ngesiquphe kunye izandi. Amaxesha ebuthongweni elithozamisayo kungohluka kakhulu uhlasela excitation kwakhona kungekho sizathu. kids ezinjalo kufuneka uxolo nenzolo, ukuba akubanyamezeli ukudibana nabantu abangabazi kunye nokutshintsha bume.

Ukuba usana asinayo ngezifo, kuya kuba kuhle ngokukhawuleza ukuphuhlisa ikhule. Xa eneminyaka iinyanga ezintathu uya kunifumana kwaye mhlawumbi udada oontanga babo ubude, ubunzima kunye nophuhliso!