Cement ngodaka: Ukubunjwa nokuveliswa

Le oluludaka lwesamente kuyinto material ixesha elide kakhulu, ngokukhawuleza ubeka kwaye lukhuni umoya. Ukuqalisa kwalo kubushushu degrees 20 Senzeka malunga ezintathu neekota yeyure. Isisombululo kufuneka isetyenziswe ungadlulanga owe ngaphezu kweyure enye emva kwamalungiselelo layo, kuba kungenjalo uphelelwa ngamandla alo. Kukho iindidi zesamente - kuxhomekeke kumacandelo yayo. Izisombululo ukulungele rhoqo wazo amandla ezahlukeneyo compressive.

Indlela yokwenza udaka lwesamente

Ukuze alungiselele nodaka kufuneka anele isanti kunye isamente ngokusebenzisa ngesihlungulo enobubanzi umngxuma we 3 mm. Izithako amathamo ngokomthamo ngomgama egalelwe de homogenous, yaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, ohluzwe kwakhona kwaye umxube owomileyo kongezwa amanzi, de esinobukhulu oyifunayo.

Kuba nithi, pipe ngaphezu uphahla yenziwe ngodaka complicated eyenziwa lokufaka kunye namacandelo amabini kukubophelela: isanti, isamente kunye lime putty. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka ongeze isahlulo enye isamente kwiindawo ezintathu lime ku-15 iindawo esantini.

Oluludaka isetyenziselwa ukulungiselela eziphathekayo ihlangana. Wabeka chips inshorensi eziphathekayo entsha okanye ngesicamba, amanzi ngokugqithiseleyo xa belele. Oku ngakumbi kwenziwa kwiintsuku ezintlanu zokuqala emva ngokubeka formwork, kuba ezi njongo kwakhona kusetyenziswa film polyethylene ukuba kwenza impembelelo ngomphunga.

Cement udaka: Uqulunqo

Cement udaka ukwakhiwa zingathengwa okanye zenziwe ngokuzimeleyo ukunxulumana ngawona ezithile zesamente nesanti (ukusuka ku 1 ukuya ku-3, kuxhomekeke kwenza ukuya-1 ukuya kwelesi-6). Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ngesandla ukuvelisa isisombululo kuphela edinayo, kodwa phantse akunakwenzeka ukuba babele ngokulinganayo onke amacandelo ngaphandle amava afanelekileyo. Practical ukusebenzisa lokuxhuba (ngomatshini okanye umbane), unako apho zombini ukuyithenga ukuqasha, ukuboleka abahlobo.

ethandwayo kakhulu a oluludaka lwesamente, eyayisetyenziselwa isixhobo izitena. Oku kusebenza iindidi ezimbini kwezisombululo - zesamente nesamente-lime. Nohlobo lokuqala ukwakha iindonga umthwalo ngokuzala kunye nezinye izinto, lo gama i-ukwakhiwa yesibini isetyenziswe kwiintlobo ezithile amaphepha (iindonga clutch yangaphakathi), kwaye yongeza kuphela isahlulo esincinci lwesamente.

Ukuba nodaka isetyenziswa ebusika, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ongeziweyo nokubanda, ezo musa ukuvumela qhwa isisombululo. Sekunjalo, kubushushu ngaphantsi kweqondo 20 ubunzima Celsius isamente kubhetele ukuba ukuyenza, njengoko la macandelo azisebenzi. Ukusebenzisa isisombululo kwezithako ezahlukahlukeneyo kunikwa lula oluyimfuneko ukuhamba. Ukunyusa iingcali isisombululo ductility ishampu zesiqhelo yongezwe ngokugalela kwisiqingatha-yelitha into kwindawo cubic meter ubunzima lwesamente. Ityuwa iyinto ongeziweyo nokubanda, nangona iingcebiso ezininzi, uyithululele kufuneka ungabi ukuphepha imbonakalo efflorescence.

Cement kunye nobushushu eziphathekayo imveliso imixube ukumelana okusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izakhiwo monolithic nakujoliso olutsha ngomlilo evulekileyo, ukuya firebox okanye iziko iibhloko wamatye. Ukudala lidangatye izisombululo enganyangekiyo eliyinjubaqa basebenzisa amacandelo kunye olinganise ezilandelayo. Ukuba isisombululo iza kusetyenziselwa ukwenza emathunjini kunye umlilo evulekileyo, uthabathe uphawu isamente alithe gangqa 400. Ukuze enye inxalenye zafakwa iinxalenye ezimbini amatye nakhandiweyo, equka lwezitena ezibomvu, iinxalenye ezimbini zesanti zwi okanye ngezitena entle fireclay elibomvu, kunye yesithathu ukusuka isanti. Ukuze ukudala firebox uthabathe isamente enye, nakhandiweyo lilitye ngezitena kunye firebricks isanti eziqhelekileyo Amanani ka-1: 2: 2: 0,33.