UBernard Madoff: ifoto kunye biography of engumphangi enkulu

November 14, 2139 baya kufikelela ekupheleni kwesivakalisi entolongweni lo somashishini odumileyo American enetyala lobuqhetseba. Ekusondeleni kwexesha elidlulileyo kubhekwe enye koosomashishini kakhulu yimpumelelo, hayi nje kuphela kweli US kodwa ihlabathi jikelele, wayengusihlalo weBhodi yabaLawuli ye NASDAQ (Stock Exchange).

Malunga naye kumelwe ukuba bonke ngabanye babebeva bona ngandlel abanomdla economics nezemali. UBernard Madoff? Ewe, nguye. Rascal enjalo isikali Kwasephakadeni akuzanga ibonwe. Oku into efunekayo ukuze ube ingqondo ukuza umkhonyovu esikhulu kangaka?! Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi malunga yintoni kanye le iphiramidi zemali UBernard Madoff, ngubani babatyhola ngayo, kwakunye nezinye izihloko ezininzi kweli nqaku.

History of the case

Ehlotyeni yokuqala 2009 "usomashishini" American, hayi kanye mandithi, lomkhohlisi indoda okuqaqambileyo babekholelwa ngaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3 abantu ehlabathini lonke, wagwetywa iminyaka 150 entolongweni ngenxa yokuba wadala waseMerika likhulu kwimbali kuphela iphiramidi zemali - zamazwi, eyagcina ziqhume. Ukonakala abantu bakholwa kuye exabisa ngaphezulu kwama-64 ezigidi US zeerandi. Ngexesha nokugwetywa uBernard Madoff sele iminyaka engama-71 ubudala. Kakade ke, kubaluleke 'etyeni ukuba wagwetywa iminyaka 150 entolongweni, indoda ukwaluphala, kodwa oku ubulungisa American. Hi ndlela leyi, kukho inkcazelo ukuba ukunye somhlaza. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba ummangaliso kungenzeki, usomashishini osakhasayo wobuqhophololo zange abone inkululeko. Noko ke, yena wenza ithemba. Kwanaxa esentolongweni, wakwazi ukuba igeza elinye lurhwaphilizo, nangona kungekhona kwisikali yephiramidi yakhe "brilliant": wawuthengela uFaro wonke ikoko, nto wathengisa evenkileni ikofu lwasekuhlaleni, bethengisa kwi xabiso liphezulu kangangoko. Oku kangakanani, yaye kwishishini - iphambili ubuntu bakhe.

biography

Wazalwa ngo-1938 kwintsapho basemzini yamaYuda ababeze eMelika. uyise uBernie (njengoko wayesaziwa ukususela ebuntwaneni) Ralph Madoff yaba umtywini, kodwa inkanuko esikhulu imali efunyenwe kwenye Stock Exchange. Umama ngusomashishini elizayo abandakanyeke nto ezizodwa, wagidima indlu yaye yaphakamisa nabantwana, Noko ke, njengoko uninzi lwabafazi bamaYuda abahlala Yehlabathi Elitsha. In kwiinyanga nje ezimbalwa phambi kokuzalwa kayise unyana wakhe zaba ngakumbi kakhulu inxaxheba kwimisebenzi zemali. Wayefuna ukuba nantoni na ukuze aphume kwintlupheko. Kulo nyaka eli lizwe waqalisa kwisigaba nokoyika the Great Depression, waza washiywa umsebenzi. Ngoko ke ukuba 'mdlalo "kwi istock exchange baba imali yakhe kuphela, kodwa hayi kakhulu wafikayo, abazange beze. Kodwa uRalph ithemba, waza waqalisa ishishini ukuthengisa eyakhe impahla yakhe ezemidlalo. Nangona kunjalo, le meko ayizange ibe yimpumelelo, ngelo xesha, xa unyana wakhe baya esikolweni, inkampani zawa. Ngokungafaniyo Madoff, Omkhulu, kwixesha elizayo, Omnci waba ochumayo, kodwa ngaloo kamva.

ebuntwaneni

Xa isikolo esincinane, uBernie akuyi ngokukodwa kuma phakathi kwezinye abafundi. Usapho lwakhe bahlala kwiimeko emxinwa, kodwa kuyinto umdla kangako kwiingxaki zemali zabazali. Njengoko elivisayo, ekubeni indadi obubalaseleyo, ilungu iqela lesikolo kulo mdlalo, wagqiba ekubeni ifumane lifeguard elunxwemeni ukuba imali yabo. Apho ke umqeqeshi yakhe yokuqubha. Nokuba ke, uBernard Madoff, scam ogama elandelayo kothusa ihlabathi, abazange ungathanda ukuba bangachithi imali kunye kwoqwebo ngenxa mali elizayo.

omdala

Emva kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, wabhalisa kwikholeji waza waqalisa ukufunda Political Science. Ngoxa umfundi wayedibana uBernie intombi entle yamaYuda kwintsapho ngokwanelisayo abazizityebi, uRuth Alpern. waba benza ngowe-1959, kamva watshata waza waqalisa ukuba bahlale ndawonye; de 2009 (iminyaka 50!), Xa wabanjwa le engumphangi enkulu. Kulo nyaka mnye wafumana isidanga seBachelor, waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe eBrooklyn School of nomthetho. Kodwa apha akazange ahlale ixesha elide. Emva konyaka wagqiba ehla iklasi aze abhabhe ngokukhululekileyo.

Ishishini lokuqala

Ngexesha umsebenzi lifeguard, uye wakwazi ukuba yande 5000 eerandi. Noko ke, akwanelanga ukuba ukusekwa amashishini abo. Wathabatha $ 50,000 zizalamane umfazi wakhe waza waqala inkampani yakhe yokuqala utyalo-mali, ngokuthi i uBernard L. Madoff ( "UBernard Medoff L"). Kwakhe uyise-in-Sol Alpern, nto leyo lomcebisi wezezimali, hayi kuphela indlela unyana ka-in, kodwa kwakhokelela ekubeni abathengi bakhe kuqala. Wayebongoza amaqabane zakhe zangaphambili kunye nabahlobo italente-mthetho kwimiba utyalo-mali, yena becala zamnceda. Bona bayicezele istock exchange zaza zafakwa kwi "Sheets Pink" ivela kuyo. Kusetyenzwa engenayo, kodwa Madoff ayikwazanga ukukhuphisana.

Indlela mihla ukwenza ushishino

Kunjalo, ebuya wafumana indlela yi 1980 Investment Securities LLC ibe ngomnye kakhulu (ukuba kungekhona) ngumrhwebi inkulu eNew York. 5% yazo zonke iintengiselwano ezenziwa kwi istock exchange eNew York, oko lwaqhutywa yinkampani. Le jump kwenzeka ngenxa computerization. inkampani UBernard Madoff waba phakathi kwabantu bokuqala ukusebenzisa ifomati trading ngekhompyutha. Ngelo xesha, oosomashishini okhuphisana zabo kodwa wathunyelwa stock exchange abaqeshwa balo. Emva kokuba ubuchwepheshe yakutshanje zigqithile zonke iimvavanyo, baye baba isiseko NASDAQ Fund - iphiramidi Bernard Madoff.

Qala umkhonyovu

Ndifike ngaxa lithile, baye xa abantu baphathiswe izimali zabo spy akrelekrele zizonke zisisixa se $ 50 ezigidi. Kwaye ngoko ke wagqiba ukuba iqhophololo inkulu kwimbali yelizwe. Hi ndlela leyi, kamva wavuma ukuba engaqondelanga yena unetyala ke, kuba engenguye oweqela waphambukisa belahlekiswa. Abantu ngokwabo "aphoswe izigidi 'ebusweni bakhe ngethemba ukwandisa imali yawo. Ngapha koko, bonke baya hambanisa na abazalwanga namhlanje, kwafuneka ukuba siqonde ukuba kukho into engalunganga. Kodwa wonke ngandlel 'ukulahlekiswa bathanda yaye akazange sijonge ubunjalo. Bonke Babecinga ukuba Madoff kwezinye nolwazi olukhethekileyo, sibonga ngalo wafumana ukwenza inzuzo enkulu kangaka. Maxa wambi siye kufika kuzo iinkonzo ngubani kunjalo uqala sokukrokrela ukuba kukho undonakele, uze emva koko uBernard Madoff - into egoso kunye conman ekrelekrele, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo umzuzwana ngayo, wacela ukuba athathe imali yabo. Ke azaba nako ukumelana nesilingo ukuba ube sisityebi, kwaye ubutsalane le "ngusomashishini 'mkhulu, kwaye ushiye imali yabo kunye naye. UBernard Madoff e-ndlebe kunye New York usixelela kwakunzima kangakanani ukugcina kuwe le mfihlakalo. Wavuma ukuba lwalunzima. Yena kwangaphambili ebubini, kodwa akaba nako ukwabela nalo, ndingenzi nomfazi wakhe, nabo baphila iminyaka engama-50, kungekho noonyana ... yaye nokuba umntakwabo - umhlobo wakhe - ukuba bangabikelwanga nto.

UBernard Madoff: scam, kumangaliswa ihlabathi

National Market (NNM)) и его мошенничестве. Ndiqinisekile abaninzi sivile malunga ngunozala exchange, "NASDAQ" (National Market NASDAQ (NNM) ) kunye nobuqhophololo. Xa le ndlela wakwazi ukuba igeza ngaphandle lurhwaphilizo olo, oko kubizwa ngokuba guru of imali eninzi. Akukwazi indlela ekhohlisa abatyali mali evela kulo lonke ihlabathi. Yemali wakwazi 'roll "kubo, yaba ngaphezu kwama-60 ezigidi US zeerandi. Imali iphelile akucaci apho. ubuqhophololo olunjalo ihlabathi wakha wambona ngaphambili, kunye uBernard Madoff, picture ogama ubona kwinqaku yavotelwa le-PR cheater kunawo ngenxa yonke imbali United States. Ukuze benze oku ubuqhophololo, wayesebenzisa utya- iphiramidi kakhulu zesiqhelo. Yena ezigqunyiweyo phantsi ingxowa-mali uthango. Le yaba elula kakhulu, kodwa kwangaxeshanye scheme enzima. Ekubeni wayesaziwa ochumayo Stock Exchange, abantu ndithembele kuye imali yabo, ekholelwa ukuba ubuchopho bakhe ukuqonda ukuba yintoni enye ayifumaneki ukususela ngowe-1960.

Kutheni abantu ningakholwa nguye?

Ziziphi izinto wenza umkhonyovu kunokwenzeka? Ezi ngokuyintloko:

1. abalasela ye usomashishini kunye isangqa ezibanzi abazana naye. Emva ngemihla ikhompyutha emininzi iteknoloji kwabonakala ongaqondakaliyo, wasebenzisa kuzo urhwebo, ngokunjalo uhlalutyo. Isibakala ukuba ukusebenzisa nabo emsebenzini wakhe, waphakamisa igunya lakhe. Kwaye abaninzi asebenza nabo babecinga ukuba umnini ubuchule ezizodwa kunye nokucinga obungaqhelekanga. Kwaye iphiramidi UBernard Madoff esingaqondwayo ngokupheleleyo ezininzi abatyali-mali, kodwa bakholwa ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba umnini ngokuqinisekileyo uyazi ukuba yintoni ukuyenza. Ngapha koko, naye wayedume enjalo!

2. Ukufihla nayo ngokubaluleka ekhethekileyo ukuphumelela Madoff scam. Yena waba inkosi afihla imicimbi yazo, yaye icebo lotyalo-mali epapashwe ngendlela jikelele. Wabongoza zimali ukuba ahlale phezu koko eye ingxowa-mali ekuthiwa ukuze balungelwe bona. Kungenxa yoko le nto ukuba ixesha ukuba akukho mntu waphawula yobulwelwe qhinga investment Bernie. Ezinye iingcali zithi ukuba kukho into engalunganga, kodwa akaba nako ukufumana ubungqina.

3. Madoff kwakuthathwa kwi igunya elikhulu yamaJuda yamaYuda. Kungenxa kule meko, efumana neqabane entsha zimali. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho, uma oosomashishini ezinkulu, abo zazidlala ukwandisa imali yakho, efunisela imali eyinkunzi abongameli, sihlalo zebhodi yabalawuli yeebhanki ezinkulu ehlabathini ehlabathini. uluntu yamaJuda ukhetha imali iiprojekthi amalungu azo kunokuba nabameli bezinye iintlanga.

4. Imali tivi yayincinane --avareji ye-12% ngonyaka, kunye nenzala zange naziphi na iingxaki.

exposure

Umntu wokuqala waqala ukusola Madoff obuqhetseba waqaphela umsebenzi into wakhe eyimposiso waba uGary Markopoulos - uMhlalutyi Financial. izibalo zakhe zithunyelwa kwiKomishoni kwi Securities and Exchange Commission, ukuba atyeshelwa. Kwaye, wakwenza oko kanye, kodwa izihlandlo ezine - ngo-2000, 2001, 2005 no-2007, ngokulandelelanayo. Hayi kanye abazange bamphulaphule. Yena kuqala waphawula: akukho izibalo kukho ezingachanekanga okanye olungasebenziyo fund umsebenzi. Kamva, emva kokuba Madoff evezwa, wapapasha incwadi malunga nemizamo yakhe kulilize ukufikelela kumalungu ikhomishini. Yayibizwa ngokuba "Akukho mntu Phulaphula".

Ngo-2000, uBernie wacela ukuba athengise kwingxowa walo yeebhiliyoni zeerandi. Noko ke, yena wala. Wonke umntu wayesazi ngayo, sothuka awaba nako ukuqonda izizathu zokwala. Noko ke, wabacacisela ukuba benze ntoni kweli phulo njengoko kulungileyo, njengoko ngonaphakade, yaye ufuna ukuthatha omnye inqanaba. Enyanisweni, uBernard Madoff, biography ogama besizukulwana mfana unomdla wokwenene, woyika ukuba phambi kokuba isenzo lokuhlola sentengiso siya kwenziwa, yaye akazange akwazi ukuyithenga. Ngapha koko, ukuba nkohliso uza luwe. Markopoulos naye ke, akumangalisi ukuba wamisa izibalo bakhe waza wafumanisa oko lalifihlakele kwabanye. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, isixa umdla leyo ngenxa ukuhlawula abatyali, uBernie, wakhula siswele, kwaye ngoko ke spy isidumo enkulu yaqala. Kakade ke, wazama ukufumana abatyali ezintsha ngakumbi nangakumbi, kodwa utyalo-mali lwabo abakwazi ukugubungela imali efunekayo. Kunjalo, wakwazi ukuqhuba ngaphandle de-2008. market Its stock ilimele. Beza uvuthondaba, kunye noonyana uBernie waphawula ukuba uyise wabo into engalunganga. Xa bafunda ukuba uyise wabo akwenzileyo, ngoko wegqitha ukuba abasemagunyeni. akukho ndlela yimbi ngaphandle. Eneneni, xa iingcango zazo caphukisayo abaxhasi tlhela afuna imali yakhe. Ngenxa yoko, oko kwazeka ukuba kwiminyaka yokugqibela-13, okt ukususela-1997, i-Madoff umdala akazange enze utyalo-mali.

enkantolo

Izinto ezibonisa evela engumphangi misebenzi athathwa entwasahlobo ka-2009. Wavuma ukuba iminyaka emininzi benza imali ngokungekho semthethweni. Emva kweenyanga ezi-3, ulingo kwaqhutywa, kwaye usomashishini yangaphambili wagwetywa ukuvalelwa entolongweni isithuba seminyaka eli-150. Emva konyaka, unyana wakhe bezikho waxhonywa ekhayeni lakhe New York. Bakuva oko, uyise yeyela a ngokudandatheka. Omnye unyana Madoff kaThixo - UAndrew - unamandla ngakumbi. Wahlabela mgama lokuba inkampani zabo igunya lakhe. Kudliwano-ndlebe kunye nomnye iincwadi ezinkulu Madoff wavuma ukuba kakhulu ukhathazeke umonakalo wawenza ukuba intsapho yakhe. Kodwa kuye entolongweni ezilungileyo kakhulu, kuba ngathi okanye akunjalo - isela, kodwa kungekhona ilayisenisi yevolyum okanye burglar. Nakwabo entolongweni - a nentlonelo. Ke Madoff wavuma ukuba inkoliso wovuselelo yakhe yeyokuba abatyali bakhe bakwazi ukubuyela isiqingatha imali, oko kukuthi 50 cents dollar ngalinye. Yena yamthuthuzela ngokwakhe kunye ingcinga ukuba bekungekho ngenxa isiseko sakhe, aba abantu ukuba balahlekelwe imali yabo, sithembele ezinye iimali. Kakade ke, kuba abantu abaninzi aba ukuvuma kwayo bevuthela agxeke kakhulu, yaye akukho namnye unako aqonde ukuba uyaguquka okanye hayi ngokwenene. Kodwa ukuba unyana wakhe nako ukumelana zityholo nokungathembani ngakwicala yoluntu, yaye wazibulala, yena, Kakade, wazisola kakhulu.

UBernard Madoff: i kwiifilim la maqhinga enkulu

Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo beza Imizobo ezininzi documentary kunye inkalo bhanya, esixelela malunga nobomi kunye nomsebenzi lo engumphangi inkulu zemali kwimbali. Ngoko ke "Meydoff" erhuqwayo yenziwa ngo-2006. Noko ke, akazange ngempela like kumbukeli. Enye film UBernard Madoff - "amanga, leyo inkulu yoyikekayo", kudlala indima ephambili apho ongenakoyiswa uRobert De Niro kunye Mishel Pfayfer, kwaphumelela. Abenzi, Noko ke, ayiphelelanga kwezi zimbini. Kwakhona umfanekiso umhlalutyi zemali uGary Makropoulos isusiwe. Yayibizwa ngokuba "Chasing Madoff" waza ezisekelwe kwibali oyinyaniso, yaye intshumayelo walo umgca hlobo: ". Ngelishwa, umboniso isekelwe iziganeko yokwenene" Imibono filimu ugalelwe, umntu ebethanda, kodwa umntu kuyekwa zingabanjwanga. Kukho documentaries eziliqela Bothetha con enkulu. Omnye wabo kuthiwa "Fun with ubudala." Hi ndlela leyi, emva kweeholide kweKrismesi, ngoJanuwari 2017 zonke ndaba kwakhona Ndilikhumbule ebusuku igama le superaferista. Kwaye thina sifunde ngoko nangoko zonke apho UBernard Madoff uhlala entolongweni. Ngapha koko, yena, njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, wagqiba ukubonisa italente zabo zoshishino, akuba bathenga yonke ibhetshi powder ekoko waba kuphinda abuthengise iphela inzuzo ngokwabo. Loo nto umongo walo. Ngokufutshane, engcwabeni kuphela ngendlela echanekileyo mnenga ...