TTX AK-47 (Kalashnikov), injongo, ubukhulu

AK-47 (Kalashnikov umpu isampuli 1947) - izixhobo Military, leyo zabonelelwa emkhosini yiSoviet kunyaka 1949th. Yenzelwe ngo-1947 Mihailom Timofeevichem Kalashnikovym, emva ngaye kwathiwa igama.

inkcazelo emfutshane malunga umatshini

Ukulwa AK-47 (ngokunjalo zokuwaguqula yi kulo lonke ihlabathi kwiinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo) yeyona eqhelekileyo kakhulu kwaye ethandwa kakhulu inani elikhulu labantu kumazwe. Ngu AK-47 Uhlobo (oko kukuthi, ngokwakhe kwakunye nezakhiwo efanayo) yenye sesihlanu zonke iingalo ezincinane emhlabeni. Kwakusele kudlule iminyaka emalunga amathandathu ukususela ekudalweni kumatshini, kwaye sele acengceleze iikopi ngaphezu kwezigidi asixhenxe kwezoyilo ezahlukeneyo.

Okwangoku, amabutho angaphandle malunga amahlanu usebenzisa Kalashnikov rifle isampula 1947 njengento idityanisiwe iingalo izixhobo ezisemthethweni. Ukhuphiswano oko kuphela rifle American-phantsi kwegama M16. Noko ke, loo nto yenziwe ngendlela ukuthobeka noko: iikopi kwezigidi ezisibhozo kuphela. Nemikhosi 27 kuphela ehlabathini basebenzisa ezi zixhobo.

Iingcali abaninzi bayavuma ukuba AK-47 - umgangatho we njani ukuba inkonzo elula iingalo ezincinane, kwakunye njengesalathisi kuyo ifanele ibe ethembekileyo edabini ngayo. TTX AK-47 nga ndithi kuni, njengoko neekhatriji iimbumbulu kusetyenziswa ukuvuleka 7,62, okwangoku ukusetyenziswa, umzekelo, sompu Dragunov umbayimbayi. I Kalashnikov ingathengwa isampulu 1947 zenza isiseko sophuhliso zokuguqulwa ezifana AKM (yala maxesha) kunye AK-74 (isampuli 1974). Kwakhona, iyunithi luni lomsebenzi isiseko Kalashnikov imipu umatshini kunye imikhono of "SAIGA".

Njani ukuba kwaqala

Ngo-1943, Julayi 15 phezu inyathelo yomkhosi Soviet exhobileyo enkantolo. Kwaba khona kananjalo abameli yiBhodi Technical, eyenziwa of the People kaThixo Commissariat lezoKhuselo eSoviet Union. Ngoko ke iingcali elikhokelayo okokuqala wathetha ngemfuneko ukudala iingalo ezincinane olutsha olusekwe kwi database ethile. Ibhalwa umatshini waseJamani kuthinjwa, nto leyo eyaba kwase StG-44. Kwakhona Incwadi wawiswa self-ukulayisha carbine imveliso US M1 okulula. Omabini guns kusetyenziswa neekhatriji ukuvuleka 7,92 no 7,62, ngokulandelelana kwazo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ezo njineli Ukuseta umsebenzi: ukuphuhlisa izixhobo eyayiza kuba analog engeyiyi sikhuphisana baseJamani, kodwa wayeza kusebenzisa bodidi ezincinane.

I iisampuli yokuqala

Baye wadalwa ngexesha ngokwanelisayo elifutshane. Ke, ekubeni intlanganiso yabanjwa ngenyanga nje enye. Imveliso Pilot kumatshini sele yasungulwa kuphela ngoMatshi 1944. Kwakukho abathile sinoluvo lokuba aye negalelo ekwakhiweni iimpawu ukusebenza AK-47. Ngabo abuna- ukukhankanya.

Sithetha malunga iziganeko kunyaka 1943rd. Ke kwakukho imizobo kuqala, ezicetyelwe ukuba kwenziwa ngokunxulumene nokusetyenziswa esiphakathi 7,62 abanjalo iCartridge. Baza bathwalwa ngaphandle ngokudibeneyo yi iinjineli kunye Semin Elizarov. kwangaphambili yabo ithunyelwe kule mibutho ezathatha inxaxheba kuphuhliso iindidi ezintsha kwezixhobo. Ke kuphela malunga 7,62 ukuya 41. Noko ke, ngexesha imicimbi oko latshintshelwa 7,62 ukuya 39, nayo nokwadala iimpawu ukusebenza AK-47.

SKS kunye Kalashnikov

Phantsi iCartridge eliphakathi ngaloo mihla, iinjineli izame ukwenza kuphela izixhobo oluzenzekelayo. Eli bhotwe kuquka uphuhliso self-ekulayisheni autoloading ngompu kunye umpu womatshini. Emva koko, kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba iimpawu ukusebenza AK-47 aba ukuze kwezithandani imikhosi yotshaba kumgama ongekho ngaphantsi kwe kwamakhulu amane leemitha. iimpawu ezinjalo izixhobo abayinqobo ezazisetyenziswa umpu emthethweni. Kodwa ke enamandla kakhulu, enzima, kwaye, ngenxa yoko, imali eninzi. Ngelo xesha la manani lidlule parameters ezifanelekileyo phantse zonke Ndandinemipu submachine, kwaye, ngaphezu koko, ukuba ukugqiba umahluko kakuhle.

Umphumo waba kukuba uphuhliso lwezixhobo ezitsha ezincinane wenza kube lula ukuphinda-ukuxhobisa lonke umkhosi, ukutshintsha (ngokupheleleyo!) Yokugcina komntu wonke ijoni. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku oko kuquka izixhobo ezifana umpu submachine Shpagin, Mosin umpu, umpu semi-automatic Tokarev. Nemipu machine zakhiwa kuyilo kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka abo amazwe.

Iingxaki kuphuhliso kunye nokupheliswa kwenkqubo

Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, ezinye iinzame zazijoliswe nokuphuhlisa carbine lowu. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha elifutshane inkqubo siphelisiwe. Isizathu soku yaba iphelelwe kwabonakala le mbono kunye nokutshintshwa zayo entsha, okuhambelana eyinene nemfuneko yokuba ixesha efanelekileyo. Kungekudala waqhubeka, ngasendleleni, kunye nokuveliswa SKS. Ngokucace kakhulu, sele kwi ngamahlanu ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela lomsebenzi indalo yayo mveliso wathintelwa, kwaye imikhosi onemveliso ukuba kuphindwe. Izizathu zazilula: waba processability eliphantsi. E kakhulu mncinane, ngaphantsi kakhulu kunalowo umatshini esisandula kuphuhliswa. Oku kulandelayo alwa iimpawu. Imeko efanayo ingalandwa kwimeko umpu womatshini Degtyarev. Ngowe-1961, unyaka imveliso yawo wamiswa kwaye yokuthutha zingacinywanga ekudaleni RPK. Yaba model ngokubanzi emanyeneyo.

Andibaweli nokukhetha model

TTX AK-47 waba ngomnye parameters ezibalulekileyo ezichaphazela ukhetho yale hlobo lwezixhobo ezincinane. Kodwa ziziphi ezinye yintoni nompu phantse akaphumelela ukuthatha indawo endaweni kuphuhliso imbali uMikhail Kalashnikov?

Iziphumo zeemvavanyo zithiwe thaca kunyaka 1944th, yabonisa ukuba engcono oluzenzekelayo phantsi kwegama AC-44. Kwagqitywa olwakhiwe gunsmith Sudaevym. Kamva, xa imodeli sele sigqityiwe, kwagqitywa ukukhulula iingalo encinane inkupho encinane kuphela. Entlakohlaza kunye nehlobo kunyaka ozayo lweetiphu kuqhutywa iimvavanyo zomkhosi, into leyo eyaye iingxaki. Ngokubanzi, naziphi na amabango ukuba umpu njengendlela soyisa amandla utshaba khange icala. Kodwa ubunkokheli umkhosi yagqiba ukuba amajoni kufuneka ukuba ukushukumiseka enkulu yehle ubunzima ngomatshini, ngoko iinjineli kwafuneka ukufumana isisombululo kule nkalo. Noko ke, Sudan sele wafa ngesiquphe.

AK-47 test

Ukufuna ngu AS-44 izigqibo wamiswa, kwaye ngo-1946 umyalelo kweeyunithi zomkhosi libhengeze ukuba balithethe ngeenxa zonke iimvavanyo. Eli xesha, babeba lo gunsmith edume Mihail Timofeevich Kalashnikov, owayesele bakwazi ukuphumelela kwicala elifanelekileyo. Wakwazi ukwenza ezinye yoyilo isixhobo pretty umdla. Ngqo, liphuhlise ezimbini Kalashnikov submachine gun. Enye yezi zixhobo babedalelwe ngokusebenzisa inkqubo esangweni unyathela. Samozyadny carbine, eyenzelwe Mihailom Timofeevichem, a iinyanda zokuxheshisela tube. Phela, yayinguye okhuphisana carbine osondele Simonov, kodwa khuphiswano nangoku yalahleka kuye.

Assembly, disassembly kunye ezingundoqo iimpawu

disassembly Partial ye AK-47 iye ulandelelwano ilandelayo. Ukuqala kunye nevenkile ihlukane. Ukususa icala ramrod, ipensile ukusuka apho ndandisisigculelo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba uwarhuqe shutter uthabathe umgama ongangowokutola yolawulo. Emva koko, lo bhokisi isuswe isango, wazisusa imbuyekezo spring, indlela shutter kunye ethole ngokwayo. Inyathelo lokugqibela kukuba lokuqhawula indlela irhasi. oda reverse yokuhlangana.

AK-47 msebenzisi xelela ukuba umatshini yenzelwe ukutola qondo imigama ezahlukeneyo. Abalibona lomqolo - 800 leemitha. Uluhlu liphezulu imbumbulu - 3 km. Ukuvuleka AK-47 - 7,62 iimilimitha. Isantya lokuqala ukubhabha nenqaba leyo 715 ngomzuzwana. AK-47 impendulo kusenokubonisa ukuba umatshini ekuqhubeni a zisindwe 4.8 eekhilogram. Unikezelo amandla yaba ivenkile ibhokisi-kuhlobo imijikelo ukuya ku-30.

Ingaba yimalini AK-47?

Kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba mbuzo ayilunganga. Thenga inguqulo efile kumatshini, Kakade ke, kunokwenzeka, kodwa uqonde ufanele ukuba lo mzekelo ilityala lolwaphulo-mthetho. Noko ke, ukuba unomdla, wobeka phi na AK-47-uhlobo non-iyabulala, ukuba yenye into. Enyanisweni, imifuziselo ngqo yezi zixhobo ziyathengiswa ngoku ezivenkileni ezimbalwa amawaka. Unakho ukuthenga AK-47 ukuyilandela. Kuya kukubiza ixeshana imali eninzi - 7-10 amawaka engange. Noko ke, ungasebenzisa womoya AK-47 edubule iithagethi kwi uluhlu sokudubula, kwakunye yokudlala airsoft.