Shader - ntoni na? Types, ubuhle nobubi

Ngenxa computerization ehlabathini inani elikhulu labantu amagama impenduka kuza kwihlabathi lethu. Ijongana bonke akukho lula njengoko kubonakala xa efika kuqala. Abaninzi kubo namagama afanayo, abaninzi kufuneka ukusebenza ngokubanzi. Lixesha ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni na shader, apho avela khona, into efunekayo yaye kwenzeka ntoni.

seglosi

Kungenzeka ukuba umdlali ukufunda "Maynkraft" kwaye yiloo nto ke ukwazi ukuba yintoni na. Kufuneka ngoko nangoko kuqatshelwe ukuba imbono "shader" ngokwahlukana kwabo lo mdlalo, kwaye "singaphila" kuwo ngokuzimeleyo. Ngendlela efanayo, kwakunye ne fashion. kunzima kangaka ukuba babalise ezi ngcamango zimbini ayikho imfuneko.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, inzalelwane shader lwenkqubo, wavela umncedisi kwi ubugcisa. Mhlawumbi kuya umnxeba elikhulu oku isixhobo seglosi, kodwa ngokwenene kuphucula umfanekiso imidlalo. Ngoko ke, xa ziqala ukuyiqonda loo nto, siya cazelo ngqo.

ukuchazwa

Yintoni shader? Le nkqubo yekhompyutha, nto leyo sisetyenziswe kwikhadi iprosesa. Ezi zixhobo ziyilelwe ngolwimi ekhethekileyo. Kuxhomekeka iinjongo kunokuba ezahlukeneyo. Emva koko shaders ngokuqhelekileyo iguqulelwe imiyalelo ngenxa accelerators yemizobo iprosesa.

isicelo

Ngoko nangoko ndiya kuthi ukuba ukusetyenziswa yonke ezimiselweyo kuyo. Inkqubo okulungiswe ikhadi yemizobo iprosesa, nto leyo ethetha ukuba abasebenza kwi parameters yezinto kunye imifanekiso inkampani-ntathu. Baza kuba nako ukwenza imisebenzi emininzi, phakathi kuzo kunye reflection, refraction, ukufiphala, iziphumo shear, njalo njalo.

presupposition

Abantu sele kakhulu ngexesha uzama ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni na shader. Nokuba kuphambi kokuba ezi ababhekisi software wenze yonke into ngesandla. Inkqubo Yomfanekiso ezinye izinto azizange ezenzekelayo. Phambi kokuba umdlalo azalwa, abaphuhlisi ngokuzimeleyo benza kwinguqulelo. Basebenza kunye algorithm, oko kwabalelwa kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ngoko kukho imiyalelo noburhabaxa isicelo, iziphumo ezibonwayo, njl

Kakade ke, ezinye iinkqubo zaye nangoku ibephakathi amakhadi umsebenzi. ubuchule ezinjalo zinokusetyenziswa ngabaphuhlisi. Kodwa abazange baphumelele ukunyanzelisa ikhadi algorithms imizobo yabo. imiyalelo Custom zingaphunyezwa yi-CPU, leyo kuye kwacotha ngaphezu imizobo.

umzekelo

Ukuze uqonde umahluko, kuyimfuneko ukuba siqwalasele isibini imizekelo. Kucacile ukuba lo mdlalo abe hardware inguqulelo kunye software. Ngokomzekelo, sonke sikhumbula nyikima odumileyo 2. Ngoko ke, amanzi umdlalo ingaba lokucoca emsi, ukuba inguqulelo zekhompyutha. Kodwa xa uphazamiseko software kwafika namanzi. ibali elifanayo kunye neziqhushumbisi yobisa e-CS 1.6. Hardware weklayenti wanika kuphela flash ezimhlophe, kwaye kweprogram udibanise pixelated screen.

ukufikelela

Ngoko ke kwacaca ukuba kuyimfuneko ukusombulula iingxaki ezinjalo. Graphics accelerators baqala ukwandisa inani ubuchule eziye ethandwayo phakathi abaphuhlisi. Kuye kwacaca ukuba zonke "izinto" akunakwenzeka. Kwafuneka ukubonelela ukufikelela ziingcali imizobo.

Phambi kwakukho imidlalo efana "Maynkraft" kunye iindlela shaders, abaphuhlisi banikwa ithuba lokuba ukusebenza kunye neeyunithi GPU olusezimbizeni enokuba kuba noxanduva imiyalelo ezahlukeneyo. Ekubeni le nkqubo yaziwa kunye igama "shader". Ukudala kubo, ngokukodwa kuphuhliswa lwenkqubo iilwimi. Ngaloo ndlela, waqalisa ividiyo ukulayisha nje kuphela "geometry" eqhelekileyo, kodwa kwakhona imiyalelo kumqhubekekisi.

Apho ufikelelo onjalo kunokwenzeka, oko waqala ukuvula amathuba amatsha kweenkqubo. Iingcali bakwazi ukucombulula iingxaki zezibalo kwi GPU. izibalo ezinje babebizwa GPGPU. Ukuze le nkqubo kufuneka izixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Ukususela inkampani nVidia CUDA, ukususela Microsoft DirectCompute, kwakunye sikhokelo OpenCL.

iintlobo

Abantu abaninzi bafunda ntoni shaders, kokukhona watyhila iinkcukacha ngazo kunye namathuba abo. Ekuqaleni yaba accelerators kumqhubekekisi ezintathu. Ngasinye abajongene uhlobo shader. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, baye indawo jikelele. Ngalinye imiyalelo ethile entsonkothileyo leyo ngokukhawuleza iintlobo ezintathu shaders. Ngaphandle ukuhlanganiswa umsebenzi, inkcazelo yodidi ngalunye bahlala kude kube ngoku.

Enekona uhlobo esebenza amanani tops ukuba ezininzi zobuso. Apha linokuthetha ezininzi izixhobo. Umzekelo, ukuba malunga uqondisa texture, zithwala, kodwa azikweli phezulu, okanye binormals eziqhelekileyo.

uhlobo Geometric yokusebenza nje enekona enye, kodwa kwakhona nge lokuqala. Pixel lwenzelwe ukusebenza kumaqhekeza imifanekiso yeraster, kwaye ngokubanzi kunye noburhabaxa.

Kule midlalo

Ukuba ukhangela shaders "Maynkraft 1.5.2" ngoko ungafuna nje ufuna ukuphucula umfanekiso somdlalo. Ukuze oku kwenzeke, i-nkqubo zingakhange "imibhobho umlilo, amanzi kunye nobhedu." Shaders uvavanywe kwaye kakuhle ukwenzela. Ngenxa yoko, kwacaca ukuba esi sixhobo zinezibonelelo nezingalunganga.

Kakade ke, ukuba lula ukulungiswa ezahlukeneyo algorithms - yinto plus enkulu. Le uyamnika kunye lula ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yophuhliso umdlalo, yaye ngenxa yoko, kukho ukuhla kwexabiso. Le mifanekiso virtual ngenxa eziya ziba nzima ngakumbi ngokoqobo. Kwakhona, inkqubo yophuhliso iba kakhulu ngokukhawuleza.

Esi sithintelo kuphela oko kuyimfuneko ukufunda ulwimi lokuprograma, kwakunye ukuze bakuthathele ingqalelo ukuba imifuziselo ezahlukeneyo amakhadi obekwe iseti ezahlukeneyo ubuchule.

ukufakwa

Ukuba ufumana i iphekhi shader for "Maynkrafta", simele siqonde ukuba kukho iingozi ezininzi ekubeka up. Phezu kwako nje ukuthandwa sele ebunayo kulo mdlalo, oku usaqhubeka abalandeli bakhe abazinikeleyo. Asinguye wonke umntu uyakuthanda ishedyuli, ngokukodwa ngo-2017. Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba baza kukwazi ukuphucula nge shaders. Enyanisweni, oku ingxelo echanekileyo. Kodwa practice, uya utshintshe kancinane.

Kodwa ukuba ukuba likhangela iindlela ukubeka indlela shaders ukuba "Maynkraft 1.7", kuqala kwiinto zonke, lumka. Le nkqubo ngokwayo nto kunzima na. Ukongeza, kunye naziphi iifayile umxokozelo kukho imiyalelo ayifake. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukukhangela uguqulelo umdlalo kunye shader. Kungenjalo, le seglosi akusayi kusebenza.

Kwi-Internet, zininzi iindawo apho unako ukufumana uze ufake le sixhobo. Emva koko kufuneka iziphu ifayile kulawulo naluphi. Apho uya kufumana ifayile «GLSL-Shaders-Mod-1.7-Installer.jar». Emva kokuqala uya aboniswe indlela eya umdlalo, ukuba libe lichanekile, ndivumelana yonke imiyalelo ezilandelayo.

Xa ufuna ukususa incwadi eneenkcukacha «shaderpacks» ku «.minecraft». Ke kaloku, xa usenza isindululi kuya kufuneka ukuba uye kuseto. Apha, ukuba ufakelo kwakulungile, apho kuya kubakho «Shaders» umgca. Kuluhlu lonke ungakhetha iphakheji oyifunayo.

Ukuba ufuna shaders for Indie 1.7.10, ngoko kufumana nje sheyderpak uguqulelo echanekileyo yaye benza okufanayo. I-Internet kungenzeka iinguqulelo ezingazinzanga. Ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka utshintsh kubo, khangela ukuba Faka ofanelekileyo. Kubhetele ukuba ukujonga ukubuyekeza ukhethe ethandwa kakhulu.