Saint Feodosiy Chernigovsky

lomkhosi St. Feodosiya Chernigovskogo yabhiyozelwa kabini ngonyaka - 9 Septemba (usuku Ukumiselwa) ne-5 Februwari (imini yokufa kwakhe). Igama lakhe belingana kunye abangcwele, ngoobani nesingxobo kakhulu zexabiso kunye nozuko lonke Russian Church Orthodox. idatha echanekileyo, apho wazalelwa khona. Into eyaziwayo ukuba wazalwa ngasekupheleni imi--30 kwinkulungwane XVII kwi Ukraine. Igama lakhe Polonitsky-Uglitskikh usuka kwintsapho mandulo kakhulu yeengcungcu. Abazali saint elizayo ebubhinqa Nikita noMaria. Ngaphambi oogxa bakhe beza inkcazelo encinane ngokuphathelele ubuntwana bakhe esakhula. Enye uyazi kuphela ukuba zilulamile kwaye nokuthantamisa.

uTheodosius Holy

Ekuqaleni, esi siphendu abazali, babetyala kuye ukususela ebuntwaneni ukoyika uThixo nasekuhloneleni zamaKristu. Kwaye ngoko ke waba njengokhozo Kyïv Bratsk Epiphany School, apho ubomi bakhe bonke kakhulu nombulelo. Ngelo xesha, intloko yawo uBhishophu Chernigovskiy Lazar (Baranavichy). Kule unxibelelwano. Feodosiy Chernigovsky sobabini yentlonelo filial nentlonelo.

Emva kokuphumelela St. UTheodosius wagqiba ukuzahlulela kuThixo ubomi bakhe bonke. Abazali abahlonela uThixo, ubunkokheli yokomoya lakheke esikolweni, yaye ubungcwele kwindawo ukukhuthaza nokomeleza umnqweno wokuphila elungileyo. Kodwa ke kwakukho nezinye iziganeko - nengxabano imizwa saint Ndabona phakathi kwabasemagunyeni, yaye phakathi ukhokelo yakhe yokomoya. Oku kwabangela ukuba ukulandela ukuzila kwi woonongendi kunye iingubo segorha kaKristu kuma phezu elugcinweni yeCawa Orthodox.

iingxaki

Emva kwexesha elifutshane Feodosiy Chernigovsky wasebenza archdeacon e Kiev St. Sophia Cathedral kunye umfundisi we ikhaya Metropolitan. Ngelo xesha, Kiev ne Little Russia ukuhlupheka evela iingxaki rhoqo zenziwa iqela Bogdana Hmelnitskogo, abangazange ufuna ukudibanisa Little eRussia eMoscow. Ngelishwa, kule Smoot wathabatha inxaxheba, nkqu nabefundisi eziphezulu. Ngelo xesha, ke eyeke ukuya Rzeczpospolita nokuba Metropolitan of Kievskiy Dionisy (Balaban), kwaye ke ngoko ukwahlula WASE (1658). Kwaye ngoko ke umlindi Kiev Metropolia ummandla olawulwa eMoscow okwethutyana, waba Chernihiv Archbishop uLazaro.

Ngxabano ne Metropolitan entsha

St. uTheodosius babesele wakhonza ngokuthembeka yosisi kukaLazaro ieromonahom Krupitsky Baturyn monastery. Esizaziyo yaba kukuba ubomi engcwele yaqhutywa phantsi kweliso Preosvyaschennogo Lazarya. Wabumba iinkolelo zakhe, waza wala ukuya emva Kiev Metropolitan anoDiyonisiyo, ukuze abe lutshaba ukholo Orthodox kunye nabantu bayo. Saint njalo ugcina utitshala wakhe uLazaro, kuba uqinisekile ukuba Little Russia baya kuba nempumelelo kuphela phantsi kukhuselo Russian Tsar.

Ngowe-1662, ngokutsho yemihla Chernigov, St. UTheodosius waye isikhundla umphathi weemonki Korsun. Ngowe-1663 uyafa Metropolitan Dionysios, Metropolitan of Kiev kunye nabefundisi Polish Ukraine onyulwe uBishop Joseph (Nelyubovich). konyulo kwakhe kungenzeka ukuba kwenzeka Korsun Monastery.

umphathi woonongendi

New Metropolitan imisebenzi lokuqala baqalisa kunye nokhuselo Orthodox e Lithuania. Noko ke, iimbono zakhe zezopolitiko musa kunye neenkolelo uLazaro idibana. Ngenxa yoko, urhulumente eMoscow akazange afune ukuyamkela Metropolitan. St. uTheodosius wamoyika lesiphithiphithi, kutheni ukunika imvume yabo inxaxheba kwisenzo lonyulo. Kungekudala emva koko, ngo-1664, waza wamiselwa umphathi we Vydubychi Monastery.

Waye isixhobo umgcini eMonastri likhwele elingcwele, ebesoloko kwi ezandleni Uniates. St. uTheodosius Monastery zilawulwa umoya wamasiko ngqongqo ngenzondelelo omkhulu, ngoko ke wasuka Hetman wagon (uxwebhu okanye charter), njengoko apho weemonki yafumana amakhulu omhlaba. Le nto iye wamfaka nxamnye iimonki angabamelwane le Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. Archimandrite Innocent (Giselle), akuba eyakhelwe ityala kwayo Omhlebayo ezingalunganga Pechersk abalawuli eMonastri, waqala ezikhala ukuba Metropolitan Lazaryu Chernigovskomu.

Saint ayikho ngaphandle buhlungu, kodwa umvumela ngokululama ezi mvavanyo, wathumela yena nguThixo. Kodwa, njengesiqhelo, bathi, yonke into eyenziwayo - ngcono bonke. ULazaro, ebona njengoko umgangatho ophezulu umphefumlo wakhe basikelelwe, ngomoya lesiprofeto ubhala naye umnqweno wakhe ukuba igama lakhe abhaliweyo emazulwini.

olungisa izinto Omkhulu confessor

trust nothando olunjalo kwaye enkosini nonxibelelwano. Kungekudala uTheodosius wafakwa kokuqeshwa kwakhe yirhuluneli nemicimbi yolawulo Kyïv Sisixeko. Athwala izabelo ibalulekileyo Inkolelo ababenayo bonke yena uya kwenza nabo ngembeko yaye uxhasa Ukholo Orthodox.

Igama lakhe eyaduma elikude Moscow, Feodosiy Chernigovsky, kunye Abbot Jerome Pereyaslavl lwezikhalazo lucky ukusuka hetman kunye nabefundisi Ruthenian ukuba amisele Kiev Metropolitan uBhishophu uGidiyon-Svyatopolk. Eli tyala aluphumelelanga. St. uTheodosius, ukwenza uthumo kwakhe, phakathi ityala kwaye musa ukulibala ukuba asingxengxezele monastery yakhe.

Utshintsho and Testing

Ngowe-1687, xa wazinikela kuThixo Archimandrite Eletskii Ioanniky (Golyatovsky), ngomhla uqeqesho uBhishophu uLazaro endaweni lakhe phezulu, emva kweminyaka 24 kolawulo Vudubickiy, eSt UTheodosius. Ngokumenza kweso sithuba, uBhishophu Lazar yenza wakhe ngesandla sakhe sokunene, yaye ukususela ngaloo mzuzu uba lilungu zonke iziganeko ezibalaseleyo ixesha. Ukususela ngelo xesha mandundu kakhulu nobudlelwane phakathi abameli Kiev, iicawa Great Russian naseMzantsi Russian. EMoscow abefundisi ukhangela nokuyikrokrela omkhulu Kiev Russia naseMzantsi ngenxa yokubambelela yayo kubuKatolika kwaye bonke qhekeko.

Emva ukujoyina ngenkulungwane XVII bokuqala Ukraine eMoscow ukusuka eKiev kuwo ukungena inzalelwane zemisebenzi ezahlukeneyo zonqulo yoluntu, nto leyo wakhangela kakhulu zingabinabuhlobo, njengokuba kakhulu amasiko awo abalaseleyo Polish ukupeyinta kunye nezithethe. Abanye Bishops babeze izikolo zemfundo wamaJesuit asentshona, kwaye noba uluvo ayikho ulwalathiso lomoya obudala.

UTheodosius - Archbishop Chernigov

Ngowe-1690, Metropolitan of Kiev UGidiyon uyafa, eSt UTheodosius wabeka phambili endaweni yakhe. Noko ke, le sithuba eliphezulu ifumana Caves Archimandrite Barlaam (Jasinski), apho kunyaka-emibini uTheodosius waba Umphathi Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. Ngokuloba unxibelelwano kaThixo. UTheodosius wayelungiselela kwenye indawo eliphezulu Chernigov. Apha waqala kukhanya iimpawu zakhe ezingcwele, kungekhona nje ebomini, kodwa emva kokufa njengesicaka umnyulwa kaThixo.

Ngowe-1692 Preosvyaschennyy Lazar onyule intlanganiso ebandakanya abefundisi Ruthenia hetman I. S. Mazepa kunye nabameli yabantu, nosihlalo Chernihiv amisiweyo Archimandrite uTheodosius. NgoJulayi waloo nyaka, Feodosiy Chernigovsky ufika e Moscow, apho yamakhosi noYohane kunye owawuvela Alekseeviche Yena elamiselwa-bume festive kwingcinga Cathedral ukuya kutsho kwisikhundla uTutu. I Tsar wenza ixhomekeke kungekhona Kiev, kodwa ukusuka eMoscow labefundisi, yaye pre-abemi phakathi hierarchs ye-Russian, saint omtsha uya kuba nelungelo lokufumana inkonzo sakkos.

imicimbi Endless yasemaphandleni kunye neengxaki

Wabuyela Chernigov, waqalisa ukulawula imicimbi yosisi kwaye kuseyinto umncedisi Archbishop Lazar, owayesele emdala kakhulu yaye owayegulela ukufa.

Ibandla elide nemihlali kwetrone ezayo kaThixo ezimbini saint ngenzondelelo. NgoSeptemba 3, indoda-1693 eneminyaka engama-73 ubudala, ULazaro ufile. St. uTheodosius wayemthanda ngathi kuyise, ngoko ngokwenene buhlungu. wenza Chin yokungcwaba uTheodosius ngokwakhe. Russian Tsar kunye uMphathi St. uTheodosius udunyiswa iziqinisekiso wamthembisa inceba yakhe. Emva kokufa uBhishophu Lazar St uTheodosius ufumana ileta iziphakamiso kulawulo ayingaphandle Chernigov eso sithili.

Feodosiy Chernigovsky ebandleni yakhe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ukuhlonela zamaKristu okwenyaniso abayinyamekelayo cloisters ezindala kunye nezintsha kunye neecawa. Ngowe-1694, ngenxa yakhe yayisekelwe Pechenitskaya Lyubetsky eMonastri kunye Hermitage, kulo nyaka Church yakhe intsikelelo Yokuzalwa of iNtombi kwi Domnitskom weemonki yakhiwa. Ngowe-1695, yena bamiselwa Emnye Cathedral, ezaba Cathedral ye eDayosisi yase Chernigov.

ukuchuma

Ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe, Chernigov sithili unamathupha na, yaye wawuqhutywa nokuqiniswa monasticism. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwe nobugcina ububingeleli bakhe abangcwele, waba ukhetho kakhulu xa ukhetha abantu kwizikhundla zababingeleli kunye nabo. St. uTheodosius Kwakhona wanceda kakhulu kwizikolo yokomoya, wamema abaphengululi neemonki e Kiev. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho Metropolitan Tobolskiy Ioann Maksimovich, kungekudala waba nomncedisi nelandela iSt uTheodosius, nguye abayinyamekelayo isixhobo Theological Schools.

St. Feodosiy Chernigovsky waziva indlela yokufa kwakhe yaye ngaloo ndlela wayelungiselela ozothatha. Emva koko waba irhuluneli Bryansk kunye Svensk eMonastri seal uYohane (Maximovich), wammisa ukuba abe yirhuluneli of Chernigov Eletski monastery.

Kanye, ngo 1694, i Catholic Dominic Polubensky wajika waya kuye yesicelo, wavakalisa umnqweno wabo ukuya ubumi yookumkani eMoscow, ukuze abe nako ukuba kukholo Orthodox wooyise bakhe. Saint zange ashiye isicelo asasabela, yaye kungekudala waba izifundo Orthodox Russian.

A ukufa ngokuthula

1696 yaba wokugqibela kuye, elingcwele Feodosiy Chernigovsky wafa ngoxolo nge-5 Februwari. Ke wangcwatywa Chernigov Boris kunye Gleb Cathedral, kwi crypt, ngokukodwa kwenziwa kuye.

Good nokungakhethi umalusi xa ubomi bakhe zange ashiye umhlambi wakhe, yaye emva kokufa kwakhe waba wayo ongcwele saint umxhasi. Kwaye ngoku Siyiwise ubabalo lukaThixo kubo bonke abo ngokholo okuthanda kuye. Umzimba wakhe wahlala incorrupt, nto leyo isiseko Ukumiselwa yakhe.

стал первым святым, прославленным во времена правления царя Николая II. September 9, 1896, St Feodosiy Chernigovsky yaba saint yokuqala, kubhiyozelwa ebudeni bolawulo Tsar Nicholas II. Ukumiselwa ozothileyo ngu Metropolitan Kievskiy Ioanniky (Ore), kunye naye nabaveleli amathandathu, abanye abefundisi ezininzi yaye abantu beza bevela kulo lonke eli lizwe Chernigov. Lo mbhiyozo omangalisayo yabalasela imimangaliso elitsha ngoku ngokugqithiseleyo ekholisa Orthodox amakholwa engcwele Feodosiy Chernigovsky. Izinto ezingcwele umxhasi ongcwele ilizwe Chernigov ngoku wangcwatyelwa oyiNgcwele Emnye Cathedral.

icons

Phambi kokuba revolution kwakukho embalwa imifanekiso angumqondiso ezibhaliweyo kunye ebusweni njengengcwele. Sele 90 icons Feodosiya Chernigovskogo waba nokunqaba, lifanelwe kuthenga, beza ekhaya uhombiso ingqokelela zakudala. Hi ndlela leyi, ngexesha elifanayo kwi Kyïv-Pechersk Lavra baphulukana icon eziliqela kunye ebusweni njengengcwele.

Imbeko saint yakhiwa e Kiev Temple Feodosiya Chernigovskogo, oko kutyelelwa kwi Chernobyl 2. - saint umxhasi kunye nomkhuseli le liquidators yengozi eChernobyl.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba itempile uye Feodosiya Chernigovskogo naseKiev Kiyanovskom Lane 6/10, kwakunye kummandla Dnepropetrovsk, kwidolophana Oleksandrivka.

ukuthula mfundisi ngezikhundla, ubulungisa kunye nokuxolela, wathabatha uvelwano olunzulu abo beza kuye uncedo, yaye wanceda kungekuphela nje Orthodox, kodwa abameli zezinye iinkolo.

Ibali kuvalwe iindlela eLeningrad

Ichaza ubomi yale njengengcwele, oko kufanele kuphawulwe, yaye isiganeko esinye ngaphezulu kubaluleke kakhulu enxulumene kuvalwe iindlela eLeningrad. Ngowe-1942, kwigumbi elingaphantsi kwe kwekomkhulu abavikeli kudlula intlanganiso, leyo wathetha imibuzo enzulu malunga ukuyila ekhubekisayo. Bonke ngequbuliso beva ilizwi wasemzini: "Thandaza uTheodosius of Chernigov, nto leyo eya kukunceda!" Wonke bhuxe, kodwa akukho namnye kubo babengazi igama. Abantu uqala nolawulo ayo aphezulu, uze emva koko kwi-Metropolitan Alexis (Simanska) (usolusapho elizayo), yaye xa wathi kubo Saint uTheodosius njengencwadi umthandazo kunye umlweli ilizwe lethu elingcwele, kwaye kwafuneka ukuba sithandaze ukuze usindiso mzi. Kwaye kufuneka ukuba sibuyele ngokukhawuleza ezingcwele zakhe ezingcwele, ezibe kwi Kazan Cathedral e St. Petersburg, ngoko ke i Museum of the History of Religion and UThixo Akakho.

Ke Stalin wanika ukuze oku, amandla zibuyiselwe kwi-St Nicholas Cathedral of the Epiphany. Yaye ummangaliso Kwathi, saint wamnceda kuba ngempumelelo iye yaluphumelela ukusebenza noloyiso Tikhvin. indlela evulekileyo, awaqala ngazo ukufika kwisixeko ungqingwe ukutya, iimbumbulu kunye nezixhobo. I Ladoga indlela amaKristu ebizwa ngokuba "indlela yaseSt uTheodosius."

Feodosiy Chernigovsky: ekuthandazeni

Kukholelwa ukuba saint inceda aphilise zomhlaza. Umthandazo uTheodosius of Chernigov onokholo lokwenyaniso uya kundiphilisa ukusuka iintlobo zezifo, ukunyelisa kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene usapho kakuhle-ntle kunye nabantwana.

Ngowe-1946, xa Metropolitan Alexei (Simansky) baba ngomawokhulu, ebizelwa eMoscow ngu Boris Chernigov ubhishophu wayala ukulungiselela onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko ukwenzela ukuba izinto ezingcwele uTheodosius ukusuka iLeningrad ukuya Chernigov. Lo msitho senzeka ngoSeptemba 15, 1946. Lo mbhiyozo lonke, abaninzi bakhumbula, wadibana ngamandla yindoda engcwele noyise yokomoya Lavrentiy Chernigovsky. Olu suku wakhonza yonqulo kutshiswa ezintathu.

Ke kaloku musani ukushiya izinto ezingcwele St. Chernigov Cathedral oyiNgcwele Trinity Cathedral, wakha ngokuncama Mazepa kunye kuyitsho eSt UTheodosius ngo-1695, njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngentla. Kukho kwakhona nto zingcwele Makugcinwe St. Lawrence of Chernihiv ummangaliso ngumsebenzi, eSt Filaret (Gumilevsky) yaye ezinye Kiev-Pechersk abangcwele.