Reserve Bolshekhekhtsirsky: ifoto kunye nenkcazo

Eli nqaku ibalisa omnye iingcwele East Far. reserve Bolshekhekhtsirsky, nangona imilinganiso yalo njengesingabalulekanga kangako, edume eziphilayo yayo enkulu.

History of indalo

Yokuqala ekwahlala kuyo kummandla reserve langoku wabonakala ngexesha Bookmarks kwisixeko yaseKhabarovsk (malunga nama-1858). Oku ahlala kummandla Cirka River. Ngenkulungwane yokuqala yamashumi kukho uphuhliso olumandla kwezibonelelo ze-Big Khekhtsir. Ngelo xesha kwakukho kufakwa amagama umsebenzi izixhobo waba utsalo zokusebenza izityalo tar kunye lime. inkqubo ngokunzulu zophuhliso lwemithombo yendalo kwakhokelela ekubeni lisenza satshintsha ukwakheka zamazwe Far East. Ngoko ke kukho imfuneko yokuba imiqathango ngolondolozo kweenkqubo ezithile zendalo.

Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ngo-1946 Khekhtsir sabhengezwa egciniweyo ngokubaluleka yasekuhlaleni. Phambi kwakhe kwakukho ingxaki kulondolozwe kwezilwanyana ezisengozini kwaye kunqabile.

A Bolshekhekhtsirsky park yesizwe kummandla ezingaphezu kwama-46 000 eehektare yadalwa 1963. Iminyaka emininzi wabalulamela kumasebe ahlukeneyo, kwaye kuphela ngowe-1976 yafumana iwonga iziko elizimeleyo.

Injongo yokudalwa reserve Bolshekhekhtsirsky - saving zasendle eyahlukeneyo kunye nezibonelelo zendalo esingqongileyo. Kungenxa ngaphakathi kuluhlu ezinkulu Khekhtsir, ayikho kude iyavuma. Ngoko ke, ukufikelela egciniweyo ayikho nzima.

Ekuqaleni, le ndawo ezicwangcisiweyo ukuseka ipaka yesizwe. Noko ke, kamva afika ukuba ngingqi zinexabiso elikhulu, kodwa ngenxa yokuba indawo ekhuselweyo wafumana iwonga reserve.

indawo

State Forest Reserve ise kwingingqi yaseKhabarovsk, ngakumbi kanye apha ngasezantsi iyavuma Territory, neekhilomitha ezingama-20 ukusuka kuloo mzi.

Ummandla reserve iquka ngohlangothi kuphela esiyintsika yale Grand Khekhtsir, kodwa ke eyi-piedmont okufuphi. I-mpuma phezu emathafeni mgxobhozo. Ukuba uzibekele kwakhona kubandakanya umhlaba wezandyondyo le Ussuri River.

On nommandla wayo kukho emazantsi eentaba, amathafa ezintabeni. Ingongoma iphezulu - Mount Big Khekhtsir. Ukusuka North eMzantsi Park ibanga km 25 no-34 - ukusuka entshona ukuya empuma. Xa ngasezantsi, umda ummandla olugcinwe yi Okuluhlaza River ukuya ngasentshona lo umda PRC kwi Ussuri emlanjeni. Kodwa kumntla-mpuma kunye elingasempumalanga reserve ngomda kwihlomela ka iyavuma.

ngeentlobo

Agcinele iphawulwa unengxubevange kweentlobo, ezo Zidume kwilizwe East Far. Kwi encinci abaphandi ezirekhodiweyo iintlobo 1017 zezityalo ephakamileyo, 148 ulele, 218 ubulembu, 825 nomngundo, iintlobo 222 zeentaka, ezirhubuluzayo 8 nezilwanyana ezanyisayo-50. An into umdla kukuba kwindawo ekhuselweyo kukho iinkqubo akumzantsi kumantla eziphilayo, nto leyo ebangela iintlobo enjalo.

Nature Reserve

Bolshekhekhtsirsky Park iyabamangalisa kunye nezilwanyana zayo. Apha ungabona iintlobo zezityalo kunye nemithi idibanise engaqhelekanga ngeendlela basentla nobasezantsi. Flora iquka iintlobo 755 kwezityalo ezinemigca. Ngexesha isifundo ngokucokisekileyo ezininzi yezi ntlobo ziye yafunyanwa ziingcali imimandla, ezo ngokubanzi aziqhelekanga kule ngingqi. Phakathi kwabo: Ussuri wavuka, nemisonto Mühldorf, rasberries Komarova, Buryat viburnum, kunye nabanye abaninzi. Ukongeza, apha kukho iintlobo ezininzi lentsapho Rosaceae. Bonke ezahluke ngokumila, umbala kunye nemvakalo. ixabiso Incredible kuba abalimi imithi yeziqhamo endle kuba ilifa iipropati zexabiso ezifana ruggedness, ukumelana iqabaka, uxhathiso ezinambuzane nezifo.

Izidumbu amanzi reserve lukhula isityalo ezinqabileyo - brazeniya Schreber, nto leyo idweliswe kwiNcwadi oluBomvu.

amahlathi ekhuselweyo

Bolshekhekhtsirsky Reserve 91% wambu ehlathini. Esilawulwa umsedare, nespruce, larch, ezinde, Aspen, uthuthu oki. iminyaka omahlanu ukungena ongenalusini kunye nemililo zikhokelele kwinto yokuba amahlathi coniferous ziye sehle kwaye hardwood, ngokulandelelanayo, ukwanda. Ingakumbi a lot of oki yaba, Aspen, belobereznikov. On the Big Khekhtsir yile imimandla emibini: nespruce-fir nemisedare-broadleaf.

Kumathafa reserve esilawulwa amahlathi avuthulukayo. Ngenxa ukugawula yommandla kwiminyaka 50 lehle nge-30%. Endaweni yazo yabonakala bushland, alder, ezinde Aspen. Kwakhona ukusekwa oki kunye pine amahlathi. Ukongeza, maple eqhelekileyo, Linden kunye ezinde, Dahurian Amur. On kwimimandla esezantsi kugquba willow kunye alder.

reserve Bolshekhekhtsirsky: Izilwanyana

Ubutyebi komhlaba engingqi kwenziwa kuphela utyani. Bolshekhekhtsirsky Reserve uye kwihlabathi isilwanyana zininzi zezinto eziphilayo. Ngenxa ngokudibana yimilambo ezimbini enkulu eMpuma Ekude, indawo balo ekwahlukaneni kweendlela yokufuduka izilwanyana.

A nelahleko ebonakalayo ehlabathini yezilwanyana ngohlangothi yaba zanyamalala epheleleyo azo, ngaphambili wayehlala kule mimandla. Kodwa ke abantu Sable, ngaphambili wabatshabalalisa, ngoku nako ukubuyisela.

Ukususela namabuzi ezincinane ubomi zasempuma apha vole, intsimi mouse, nempuku hina. Kwiindawo ehlathini-engcotyeni idibana Amur lokhwalimanzi. Yezilwanyana neempuphu bangadibana nelinqa, nelinqa ebomvu, yasendle. Ukongeza, Bolshekhekhtsirsky Reserve (kummandla iyavuma) umiwe ezidla: iimpungutye, izinja raccoon, iimbila. Yaye emazantsi eentaba Khekhtsir usenokude ukuhlangabezana kweengcuka. San phezu komlambo nemingenela yawo kumiwa yi iilynx. Xa ngasempumalanga reserve rhoqo ukuze uqaphele ezafa eSiberia zehlathi cat. Kwakhona emahlathini eziphawulwe yi esimdaka amnyama. Laconic imifanekiso Bolshekhekhtsirsky Reserve iqulathe umfanekiso ibhere kwisiqalo zeentaba. Le Umfuziselo sele kudala ukususela laba uphawu lwequmrhu.

abemi eziqhelekileyo Amahlathi oonomatse eziphaphazelayo, chipmunks. Akukho iyantlukwano kangako kunye nehlabathi kweentaka. Phakathi neentlobo ezinqabileyo zeentaka kufuneka zenziwe ukhozi emhlophe-tailed. Kodwa ke inani elo Mandarin ezinqabileyo ugcinwe kwinqanaba izinzile. Umtsalane bucala siyakuqwalaselwa flycatcher oyiparadesi. Kwiindawo ekhuselweyo umiwe bubuxhakaxhaka otyheli-umqala, iprofayile, korotkohvostki, thrushes iinkuni, iinightingale-bekhwela.

Kwimimandla esezantsi kolundi kwaye kukhukulisa inani elikhulu izirhubuluzi kulo. Apha ihlangabezana imbaleki Amur, cottonmouth empuma, trionychia. Le eziphila kakhulu luninzi - xoxo eqhelekileyo, isele Far Eastern, umthi Isele.

imisebenzi yesayensi

Loluphi uhlobo lomsebenzi lwenziwa Bolshekhekhtsirsky Reserve? Oko likhuselwe intsimi wayo? Zonke izinto elime kule ngingqi ebekelwe bucala, phantsi kweliso abasebenzi, ezijongene eziliqela iingxaki, indawo yokuqala ukhuseleko kunye nophuculo-mali ekhoyo phakathi kwabo. Kodwa musa ukulibala ukuba amasebe zenzululwazi onoxanduva lokongamela ubume enezityalo, izilwanyana, kumasimi ehlathini. I-lwazi ezithathwe uthelekiswa kwiminyaka edlulileyo ngenxa uvavanyo olwaneleyo ngokwawo umsebenzi owenziwayo. Bonke bephela ibhalwe yeembali indalo. Ukuqhuba abasebenzi babo rhoqo benza bakubonileyo entsimini. Okwangoku, abasebenzi ezibhalisiweyo iintlobo 2850 of izinambuzane. koridal - Ukongeza, ummeli engaqhelekanga ezinambuzaneni yavulwa. Zemihla of Nature ngoMay abasebenzi ngowe-1964, oko iqulathe amacandelo: mphandle nomhlaba, imozulu kunye nemozulu, ikhalenda indalo, amanzi, umhlaba, izilwanyana zasendle kunye izilwanyana, izityalo kunye nezityalo. Kuzo zonke ezi zifo, umsebenzi uyaqhubeka kunye nabasebenzi engumbeko ngelo xesha.

indlela eziphilayo

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba Bolshekhekhtsirsky Reserve (iimbekiselo zinikwe kweli nqaku) inxaxheba kuphela umsebenzi yenzululwazi kunye nolondolozo, kodwa Ihlela nihamba umdla endleleni eziphilayo yehlathi ezikhuselweyo. Kwisithuba nje seyure, abakhenkethi ezi 0,6 yeekhilomitha ukusuka sikhokelo kwaye bafunde iinyani ezinika umdla malunga izityalo kunye nezilwanyana loo mmandla. Iindwendwe banethuba ukubona izityalo ezinqabileyo. Kodwa ukuhlangabezana isilwanyana akunakwenzeka ukuba siphumelele, ngenxa yokuba ngendlela efihlakeleyo yobomi abakuthandi ukuba wakudibana nabantu.

Ebudeni bohambo, abakhenkethi kwakhona tyelela elunxwemeni amajelo Amur, banalo ithuba ukubona kusimangalise umda Khekhtsir kwahlulwe indawo ephakathi amagunya amabini - China naseRashiya. Ukuba ufuna ukutyelela Reserve, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba umsebenzi apha iziko undwendwe ebizwa ngokuba "Khekhtsir". Inikeza indawo endlwini yabahambi.

Ngokutsho abakhenkethi, kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo uye ebekelwe nibone indawo yayo ekhethekileyo. Ke ukubonakala iziko ngabakhenkethi ime emdeni wayo sinika ithuba lokuba abe kwimpelaveki enkulu esifubeni lwendalo ehlathini ezintle.

I-Reserve yinto ukuze ubone. Entwasahlobo nehlobo uyakwazi ukubona iintaka ezininzi kwaye abaziva ukucula. abameli ezininzi kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni iintaka izezo zifumaneka.

Indlela ukuya myezo?

Ebekelwe bucala ibekwe kufuphi iyavuma. Phambi nolawulo isixeko ifikeleleka ngendlea inombolo ibhasi 7. A ukuya kummandla kufuneka uye inombolo iteksi 109 ukuya elalini Korfovsky, uze nokufikelela ngeenyawo. Unako ukuthatha inombolo ibhasi 107 suka kwilali Kazakevichevo.

Emnyango kulo myezo akuvumelekanga iindwendwe. Kodwa ke oku akuthethi ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba beze. Wonke umntu wamkelekile ukuba uhambe indlela eziphilayo bafunde okuninzi malunga nezilwanyana zengingqi kunye nezityalo.

Museum semvelo

Kwindawo ebekelwe bucala esebenzayo Museum of Nature. Abasebenzi-guides baziqhelanise iindwendwe kunye nabameli ongaqhelekanga kunye umdla i Ussuri hlathi. Xa museum ungabona nezinto mihle - izimbiwa Khekhtsir, imizila izilwanyana kunye nokuqokelela izinambuzane, amanqaku original ngezinto zendalo. Amaqela abakhenkethi kufuneka ithuba lokuba isicelo utyelelo kulo myezo, njengoko ukufikelela simahla kwintsimi ayikho.

iindawo zokhuseleko

Ukuze enze imisebenzi zokusingqongileyo mmandla luvaliwe ebantwini. Zonke izinto zendalo phantsi kweliso abaphandi. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, imisebenzi yolonwabo kwenziwa kwangaphambili, nto leyo evumela utyelelo kumhlaba ukhuselwe ngamaqela eziququzelelwe amalungiselelo kwangaphambili. ulawulo onelungelo okungqongqo ezihambelanayo kuphela ukhuseleko kunye zasendle, kodwa ke kufuphi nomda Chinese.