PRC Army: ubungakanani, isakhiwo. Abantu Liberation Army (Pla)

Semkhosini ne-Peoples Republic of China zithathwa elikhulu umkhosi ihlabathi, njengokuba ka-2016 kwakukho ababekhonza abantu abazizigidi 2.3. China uye umdlali kakhulu kwi kwezopolitiko kunye nezoqoqosho, ngoko namhlanje amagunya emikhulu ehlabathini ziye umdla ingakumbi onzulu oko kwisakhiwo nokusebenza nemikhosi Chinese exhobileyo (okotshiweyo yale shunqulelo iyalila China) elingaphezu kweminyaka engamashumi amabini edlulileyo. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini edlulileyo eli lizwe lifumanise ezininzi iinguqu ngesiquphe kwiikota yezoqoqosho, ezentlalo kunye nezopolitiko, Ushintsho kwakhona ochaphazelekayo imikhosi exhobileyo. Phakathi kwiminyaka embalwa umkhosi sele yenziwe, nto leyo ngoku ukuba abe ngowabathathu ngamandla ehlabathini.

indaba

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kunjalo kude zonke iinkcukacha kwinani, isakhiwo kwezikhali China umkhosi ziyahluka. Eminye imithombo bathi amandla obungenasiphelo ndlongondlongo le abasemagunyeni Chinese malunga bakhonza esabo isisu karhataka ye Communist Party kunye iMfazwe Yehlabathi elikufutshane. amaphephandaba sina wabongoza ukuba ukubaxa amathuba China unike imizekelo iintsilelo ezininzi imikhosi Chinese ngaphambili.

umkhosi chinese yasekwa Agasti 1, 1927 ngexesha Civil beMfazwe, xa amaKomanisi woyisa iKuomintang urhulumente. igama layo ngoku - i-National Liberation Army (Pla) - wafumana kancinane emva koko, emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Ngowe-1946, i-njalo-it ngokuba iiyunithi zomkhosi ezimbini kuphela, yaye kuphela ukusukela ngo-1949 waqalisa ukusebenzisa nkcazo yonke imikhosi abaxhobileyo PRC.

Loo nto inika umdla umkhosi akukho ukubheka ukuya epatini, yaye libhekisela emkhosini Central iKhomishini ezimbini - urhulumente kunye iqela. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba zibonwa njenge lungu elilodwa, kwaye sebenzisa igama eliqhelekileyo CEC. Njengoko intloko CEC ibaluleke kakhulu kurhulumente, ngoko kwi-imi- 80 lwekhulu XX, ndahamba Den Syaopin, ngubani eneneni babaleka eli lizwe.

inkonzo Military

Njengoko ka-2017, inani yomkhosi Chinese lehla kancinane ukusuka 2.6 yezigidi ukuya 2.3 million, kukho umgaqo-nkqubo ngabom abasemagunyeni Chinese yokwandisa nokuphucula zomkhosi wamajoni, isicwangciso ukuncitshiswa ukuqhubeka kwixesha elizayo. Kodwa ke, nakuba na ukuhla kwamanani, i Pla yeyona inkulu ehlabathini.

Ngokutsho komthetho Chinese, isibheno iya kuxhomekeka abemi engama-18, emva kokuba ukukhonza njengoko bahlala reserve ukuya kwiminyaka engama-50. Eli lizwe kudala kwabanjwa iminxeba ngengqiqo eliqhelekileyo ilizwi, amakhulu amawaka amatshantliziyo aye emkhosini ngokuthanda kwabo, okanye kugaywa qho ngonyaka. Ubume yobudala yabemi China kakhulu kuba kuvumela, ngenxa yokuba uninzi lwabantu kweli lizwe ukususela kwiminyaka eli-15 ukuya kuma-60.

Inkonzo apha igqalwa Umsebenzi ophambili kakhulu, kuba amajoni kunye namagosa abeke imiqathango engqongqo kakhulu, kwaye onke amatyala oluleko zohlwaywe ngokuqatha. Namhlanje, inkonzo ende kwapheliswa, kwaye endaweni benza inkqubo ngemvumelwano ixesha leminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwi-30. Le conscripts kufuneka uhlawule kwilizwe iminyaka emibini.

Okubangel 'umdla, kodwa imikhosi Chinese exhobileyo akanakuba abantu abaye iithathu, ulawulo ukholelwa ukuba amaxhoba lightheadedness enjalo umfanekiso yomkhosi zinamandla. Kwaye kukho kwakhona umyalelo edalelwe esesikweni Andikukhonze abo hona okanye uphethwe ukutyeba.

isakhiwo

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba umkhosi yaseTshayina iphantsi kolawulo olungqongqo lwe Communist Party, impembelelo ezizinzululwazi emkhosini kwiminyaka yakutshanje lihlile kancinci. Central Military Commission, ngokungafaniyo loMphathiswa wethu lezoKhuselo, linamandla kakhulu ngakumbi, phantse lonke ulawulo sivela khona, kungekhona usihlalo party. Ukuhlaziywa ka 2016 yatshintsha ezinye isakhiwo ulawulo, ngoku kukho amacandelo elinesihlanu, ngalinye indawo eyahlukileyo kweliso kwaye kulo lonke lixhomekeke CEC.

Wada wazaliseka waphela umnyaka edlulileyo utshintsho yomkhosi China ngokuba namajoni angama-kwizithili ezisixhenxe, kodwa ngowama-2016 kwafakwa kunye imimandla emihlanu umyalelo wamajoni, le nkqubo ulungiselelwe ngokusekelwe umgaqo ndawo:

1. North Zone, ikomkhulu ngumzi ka Shenyang, amaqela amane nempi apha ukuxhathisa ndlongo evela eMongolia, eRashiya, Japan kunye North Korea.
2. South Zone: kwikomkhulu kwisixeko Guangzhou, le nto ndiyibhalayo amaqela amathathu nomkhosi ukulawula nomda Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People and Vietnam.
3. West Zone: Ikomkhulu e Chengdu, imi kummandla usembindini lizwe umsebenzi wayo ukubonelela ukhuseleko kufuphi Tibet kunye Xinjiang, kwakunye nokuthintela izisongelo kunokwenzeka ukususela India.
4. indawo East: kwikomkhulu e Nanjing, ulawula nomda Taiwan.

China Umkhosi (okotshiweyo nezishunqulelo sikhethwe ngasentla) iqulethe kumaqela amahlanu weenqaba: umhlaba, umoya, waselwandle, amajoni enomjukujelwa, yaye ngowe-2016 kwakukho uhlobo olutsha amajoni - imikhosi qhinga.

ibutho

Urhulumente uchitha ngonyaka kwi ukuziphendulela ukusuka iidola-50 ukuya kuma-80 ezigidi, mali enkulu kuphela eUnited States. iinguqu ezinkulu zijoliswe ukukhulisa isakhiwo bomkhosi, inguqu yayo ngokungqinelana neemfuno ulungelelwaniso mihla neAfrika imikhosi.

imikhosi Land of the People Republic of China zezona zininzi kakhulu ehlabathini, iquka malunga nezigidi 1.6 abasebenzi. Urhulumente uceba ukunciphisa kakhulu eli sebe lwenkonzo. Ukuba ngaphambili semkhosini China wathabatha uhlobo iyantlukwano, loo nto ixela isakhiwo brigade emva kuphuculo 2016 konyaka.

Kwezikhali ibandakanya imikhosi komhlaba ezimbalwa neetanki eziliwaka, izithuthi zokulwa nomkhosi, abathwali abasebenzi vehicles, howitzers kunye nezinye iintlobo amaqokobhe komhlaba. Noko ke, umkhosi enkulu ingxaki kukuba uninzi izixhobo lamabutho emzimbeni eziphelelwe lixesha. Ukuhlaziywa ka 2016 sele nje uyalelwe kwi kancincane combat ngemipu ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo.

amandla Air

Army Air Force China ubekwa kwindawo yesithathu ehlabathini, inani kwezixhobo zomkhosi esebenza (4 ths.) China yesibini kuphela eUnited States naseRashiya. Ukongeza lupwa kunye moya ezihamba, zomkhosi ilizwe ukuba ngetyala balo ntaka kancinane ngaphezu kwekhulu, amawaka imipu okulwa-moya kunye nezikhululo radar malunga 500. Abasebenzi Air Force of China, ngokutsho kwabantu, ngu 360 amawaka abantu, kwelinye -. 390 amawaka.

Air Force China umkhondo imbali yabo 40 emva kwexesha. XX kwekhulu, kwaye nexesha kuqala Chinese endiza moya kwemveliso Soviet. Kamva, abasemagunyeni baye bazama ukuba kumiswe imveliso zobugcisa zayo emoyeni, bekhuphela nje imodeli ngokungqinelana zemizobo USSR okanye USA. Namhlanje, ulwakhiwo moya entsha, kuquka izilwi ezikhethekileyo, iqhuba kakuhle ngokupheleleyo e China Izicwangciso nje kuphela ukuxhobisa umkhosi wabo, kodwa kwakhona ukunika izixhobo kwamanye amazwe.

E China, kukho abangaphezu kwamakhulu amane zokuchopha zomkhosi, nto leyo ukuthatha okuninzi lamaqhosha ngaphezulu izixhobo kunokuba na ngoku. imikhosi Air China ziquka iintlobo ezininzi yongungelwano: eyama, amathafa-abonakalisi, bomber, ukuhlasela, ezothutho, sokuhlola, anti-moya, radar kanye emoyeni.

Navy

Abantu Liberation Army Navy amathathu: i-South, eMntla kunye Sea East. Ngaphezu koko, ukukhula esebenzayo bezimpi ngale ndlela iphawulwe kuphela 1990, kude kube nangelo xesha, uRhulumente sele na imali eninzi imikhosi yayo aselwandle. Kodwa ukusukela 2013, xa intloko Pla wabhengeza ukuba ukugrogriswa engundoqo eya kumda Chinese kuza kanye ukusuka isithuba kolwandle, uqala ixesha elitsha lokusekwa zezithuthi mihla kakuhle ngokwaneleyo.

Okwangoku, i-Chinese lwaphela iqanjwa iinqanawa kumphezulu, ngwenya, umonakalisi kunye lweenqwelo yomkhosi wamanzi, ngokunjalo. Nabantu malunga 230 amawaka Abasebenzi.

amanye amajoni

Butho lomkhosi enomjukujelwa IsiTshayina bafumana ibakala elisemthethweni kuphela ngo-2016. Ezi yunithi kakhulu imfihlelo, ngezikhali iinkcukacha zisekho ingaziwa. Ngoko ke, imibuzo emininzi esuka eUnited States neRashiya linani zikhali. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwabemi ezahlukeneyo, amanani asukela izityholo 100 ukuya 650, ezinye iingcali ndimbizile amawaka ambalwa. Eyona Umsebenzi imikhosi enomjukujelwa - inkcaso logwayimbo zenyukliya, kwakunye esebenza ngaphandle kusehla ngqo kwi injongo ezaziwayo.

Ukongeza kwisizukulwana engundoqo umkhosi yaseTshayina ngo-2016 ibandakanya kwisebe eyodwa ejongene imfazwe ngekhompyutha kunye Ukuhlaselwa ngxabano. inkxaso esilicebo amajoni, ngokutsho kwabanye, zadalelwa ukulwa kuhlaselo ulwazi, kodwa ingqondo sezabelo kuphela, kuquka kwi Internet.

namapolisa axhobileyo

Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwabemi yakutshanje, inani yomkhosi Chinese yaba ngaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2 abantu, kwaye phantse isiqingatha sabo ziqukiwe imikhosi yangaphakathi ye PRC. Abantu efakwe zamaPolisa iquka iiyunithi ezilandelayo:

• yokhuseleko lwangaphakathi;
• ukhuseleko ehlathini, ezothutho, amajoni umda ;
• ukhuselo ekukhuliseni zegolide;
• kombutho karhulumente;
• amasebe umlilo.

Imisebenzi Armed zamaPolisa ibandakanya ukhuseleko izinto ezibalulekileyo karhulumente, ukulwa ubunqolobi, kwaye ngexesha lemfazwe baya kubanjwa ukunceda umkhosi omkhulu.

avavanya

enkulu imithambo China yokuqala mihla umkhosi eyayibanjwe ngo-1999 no-2001, bathunyelwa ukugaleleka obufezekileyo kunxweme Taiwan, eli lizwe of China sele kudala ehamba zeengxabano ezibukhali indawo. Uziqwalasele zigcwalisa iyimpumelelo 2006 xa imikhosi yamajoni counties ezimbini zaye zathunyelwa amawaka eekhilomitha, kukho ubungqina bokuba amajoni moya Chinese.

Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, ngo-2009, siye ngezinga elikhulu imithambo yamacebo okulwa, apho kuba bandakanyeka 4 kwabali-7 izithili zomkhosi. Lo msebenzi eliyinhloko ekusebenzeni ngaphandle izenzo kunye nazo zonke iintlobo umkhosi ngezixhobo mihla emkhosini, eyama nemikhosi aselwandle. Ekunokuboniswa ngalinye amandla China umkhosi ubukele lonke ihlabathi, le minyaka imashumi mabini idlulileyo, i-Pla iye zibe usongo kakhulu.

impumelelo zomkhosi

Owayesakuba angakufuni Army Chinese uloyiso musa ukuchukumisa kunye nempumelelo qhinga. Nkqu kumaxesha amandulo, laseChina ngaphezulu nakanye ezoyiswa Mongols, Tangun, manchuzhurami kunye Japanese. Ebudeni beminyaka kweMfazwe yaseKorea, China kuye kwafa amashumi amawaka Fighters iphumelele uloyiso ezibalulekileyo. Kwakunye nangexesha ngongquzulwano eSoviet Union for siqithi Sino-eSoviet, ukulahleka Chinese uphakame kakhulu ilahleko yotshaba. Impumelelo enkulu ye-Pla wenze kuphela ngexesha leMfazwe Civil, lamiswa.

Umjikelo entsha yophuhliso zabantu Liberation Army neminyaka amabini kuphela eyadlulayo, xa izixhobo zokusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusilela nokulungela kwabasebenzi zaye ekugqibeleni ndaqonda urhulumente kwaye la mayeza aselwa onke amanyathelo ukuguqula umkhosi. Amanyathelo okuqala kwenziwa ukunciphisa ubungakanani umkhosi ukuze ususe elingasetyenziswanga ngqo ukuziphendulela mkhosi. Ngoku ke eyona nto kujoliswe kuyo izixhobo zobugcisa ngokutsha kwabasebenzi.

guqula

Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, People Chinese Republic wenze uvale enkulu kweli lizwe kwakhona analogue-lalingekafiki kwimbali yehlabathi. Phantse ukususela ekuqaleni kuye udale izibonelelo elinamandla kunye ubugcisa bale mihla yakutshanje. Namhlanje, isiphumo yonyaka China ngayo kweeyunithi ukuya ku-300 ka-moya, kwabuzwa nkwili nangaphezulu. Ngokutsho data yakutshanje, ebaxhobisela Pla lujika ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi NATO.

Ngo-2015, eli lizwe ehlabathini lonke abonisa impumelelo emkhosini kuluhlu kumsitho ekupheleni kwakhe seventieth yeSibini kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi. Ibhalwa kwezithuthi yaqonda, machines iinkqubo nokubetha kunye nokuchasa-kwiinqwelo-moya. Uluntu aliyeki yokummangalela China boko kukopa ngqo izixhobo wamajoni kwamanye amazwe. Ngoko ke, nixhobe Pla, yaye namhlanje kukho analogue of Russian SU.

anika umdla

Emkhosini, abafazi bakhonza China okoko kwasekwa i-Pla, kodwa ubukhulu becala ukubamba izikhundla ukhathalelo lwempilo okanye ulwazi amasebe. Ekubeni 50 kwisiqingatha omhle wabantu Chinese baqala ukuzama ngokwakhe lweenqwelo neyolwandle, kutshanje waze waba umthetheli enqanaweni-esibhedlele.

Kule minyaka imashumi mathandathu edlulileyo, lo nomfuziselo umkhosi Chinese rhoqo ukutshintsha, kanye le nkqubo nokuba kutshitshiswa zize wabuyisa kuphela sharing-80. unit Modern kwezikhundla emkhosini ngo-2009, ngokutsho kwakhe, ukwahlula la macandelo alandelayo:

• Jikelele;
• ULieutenant-Jikelele;
• UMajor General;
• Senior Colonel;
• sikhulu;
• ULieutenant Colonel;
• ezinkulu;
• uLt yokuqala;
• uLieutenant;
• Lieutenant yesiBini;
• feldwebel kuqala, okwesibini, okwesithathu kunye nokugxothwa sesine;
• phoyisa;
• phoyisa;
• ngokubetha;
• Private.

Njengoko kubonakala uluhlu lwezihloko lwale nkqubo efana kakhulu nezithethe imikhosi Soviet exhobileyo. Ifom yanamhlanje yomkhosi Chinese yaziswa okokuqala ngo-2007, iye yaphuhliswa nge phantse izigidi zeerandi eyabelwe. Kugxininiswa ukuba nokusebenziseka kunye nsimbi, kwakunye ubuhle kunye nomkhosi nobuqaqambileyo Chinese.

ndlongo kunokwenzeka

Onke amazwe ngoku iliso close kakhulu amandla ezikhulayo ye-Chinese Peoples Republic, kule minyaka imashumi mabini idlulileyo eli lizwe wenze jump enkulu onke amacala. Namhlanje, phantse wawugqiba ummandla China usebenzisa isimaphambili "ezininzi": elona nani likhulu labantu, uqoqosho inkulu, ilizwe wamaKomanisi kunye nomkhosi inkulu.

Kambe ke, le kwemikhosi of China icebisa ndlongo kunokwenzeka lelo nguRhulumente. Iingcali bengavumelani. Abanye ngqo ingcamango ukuba China kusoloko kukho ingxaki zokwanda, yaye mhlawumbi kwixesha elizayo, lo intlangano igqibe oyise amazwe amatsha. Ngenxa yokuswela indawo kukho nalo ungcoliseko enkulu yendalo, kweminye imimandla, umba lokusingqongileyo ngakumbi etsolo (umz eBeijing kunye Seoul). Ezinye abezopolitiko Russian bathi umkhosi umsebenzi Chinese akrokra kufuphi nomda ne-Russia, Putin wathi ngokucacileyo akazange acinge China isoyikiso kwilizwe lethu.

Ezinye iingcali zithi okwahlukileyo, ukuba liKomanisi amanyathelo lilawulwe yi manyathelo yokhuseleko. Kule meko langoku ngamazwe, ilizwe ngalinye lifanele ukulungele ugonyamelo ngaphandle. Umzekelo, China akayithandi umsebenzi NATO kwi-Pacific Ocean North Korea. Omnye umba kukade icangcisiwe, ngoku e-China - kuba esiya e Taiwan, esiqithini kumashumi uxhathise ekwandeni komsebenzi. Kodwa umcimbi Musa ukungxama babhenele kungenelele emkhosini, kuba nefuthe loqoqosho ngempumelelo kakhulu kwi kwamanye amazwe.