Pathopsychology - yintoni na le nto? Iindlela zokuhlola pathopsychology

Pathopsychology - yenye ezithile kwiinkalo yenzululwazi. Idatha afunyenwe kuphando phakathi kolu qeqesho, kuba nexabiso elikhulu ithiyori kwaye aluncedo. Khawuve iinkcukacha iziseko vetshe psychopathology.

iimpawu ngokubanzi

Kuluntu lwezenzululwazi mihla kukho isimo esidibanisa iingqiqo ezahlukeneyo, ukusetyenziswa ngendlela engachanekanga amagama athile. Kulo mba, imfuno ngenxa yokuzahlula yi bengqondo yendalo engaqhelekanga kunye psychopathology. Le mali yamva ithathwa isebe lenzululwazi yezonyango. Oku swi ekufundeni syndromes, iimpawu benkqubo yokugula ngengqondo. Njengenxalenye kwingqeqesho ncam zonke iintlobo ukuphazamiseka kunye neendlela zabo. isakhiwo Pathopsychology esekelwe kwimithetho kunye nophuhliso yengqondo eqhelekileyo. Uqwalasela aze athelekise indlela kuwohloka ubuntu kunye neenkqubo eziqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, zombini ezi inzululwazi banezixhobo efanayo ukufunda, kodwa izinto ezahlukeneyo.

imisebenzi

Pathopsychology - yinto inzululwazi ejolise ekufumaneni ulwazi olongezelelweyo malunga imeko yesigulane. Ngokukodwa, uphando kuxhomekeke bakhe cognitive umsebenzi, ngokweemvakalelo volitional, umntu xa iyonke. kufuneka Olu lwazi moshilongo. Ukulinga iindlela pathopsychology uyakwazi ukubona ezahlukahlukeneyo iimpawu ukuphazamiseka, babeke ubume babo nokunxibelelana nabanye. Enye ingxaki ebalulekileyo ekufuneka isonjululwe kwi-sikhokelo ingqeqesho ukuqhuba izifundo uviwo (yenkundla, emkhosini, abasebenzi). Ngexesha lale nkqubo, ingcali nga sungula iingxaki isakhiwo ngokunxulumene yabo kumaqela umsebenzi engqondweni bunjalo okanye wenze isifo umahluko. Olu phando lu dityanisiwe neengxaki ezithile. Zezi ngenxa ngokuyintloko umdla yesigulane. Kulo mba, isiguli uwajongele iimpawu daba, abomeleze, okanye ngathi ukuphepha naluphi na uxanduva nokukhubazeka. Enye ingxaki leyo usombulula pathopsychology - kukufunda utshintsho phantsi kwempembelelo unyango. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, asebenzise uhlobo olufanayo iseti ubuchule. Uphononongo ngokuphindaphindiweyo nabo nge karhulumente isithethi efakiweyo, ukusebenza unyango uzimisele.

iimpawu ezongezelelweyo

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, pathopsychology zovavanyo beqhele ukujongana imisebenzi ezimbini ezongezelelweyo. KwiVangeli ebhalwe nguye ubalisa kunye nokuvuselelwa. Ngexesha kubo a lot of iingcali ingqalelo ehlawulwe awayiboni amacala kakuhle zobuntu kunye psyche yokuba umguli. Ukongezelela, sifunda ukuba imeko yentlalo yomguli, uhlobo lobudlelwane kunye nabanye abantu, uqeqesho kunye nezicwangciso engqesho. Umsebenzi yolu phando ukuvelisa iingcebiso eziya kuba negalelo bachache ngokukhawuleza. Iingcali yesibini Umsebenzi ozimeleyo inxaxheba kwabo kwimisebenzi ngokwasengqondweni. Apha, Noko ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba umba nxaxheba ongugqirha ngazo azilawulwa kwinqanaba yowiso ngokwaneleyo.

Nasekuphuhliseni inzululwazi

Njengoko isebe oluzimeleyo pathopsychology waqala ukubonakala kwinkulungwane yama-20. Umelo zicacileyo nomba wengxoxo inzululwazi kubonakala umsebenzi spondylitis. Ngokutsho kwakhe, pathopsychology - yinkqubo efunda ezibonisa ezingaqhelekanga sikwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso nkqubo. Iziko umbutho Bekhterev ukufunda izifundo ezahlukeneyo. Kulo mzekelo umgca akucaci kukuba Wawahlula nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye psychopathology.

kubasebenzi basekhaya

Ukususela kwasekuqaleni uphuhliso kushishino ngokusekelwe izithethe ngokungqongqo nenzululwazi yezobugqi. Formation of imigaqo kunye neendlela yomsebenzi owenziwe phantsi kwempembelelo Sechenov. Of ebaluleke ngokukodwa ayithabathele ukufumana uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwingcingane zengqondo. Bekhterev, ezihlangwini Sechenov ngalo endleleni. Yena kucingwa umseki kushishino pathopsychological kwinzululwazi nasengqondweni. Abameli isikolo sakhe baye abaninzi iindlela ukulungiselela ukufunda abagula ngengqondo. Namhlanje ke ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ingqeqesho. kunye nemigaqo esisiseko zophononongo ziye zavela:

1. Ukusetyenziswa iindlela ezintsonkothileyo.
2. Uhlalutyo esemgangathweni ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
3. indlela ngamnye.
4. Ukuthelekisa kweziphumo izigulana ukufunda kunye nolwazi malunga ubuso esempilweni, ngokulandelelana, isini, ubudala, kwinqanaba yenkcubeko.

abantwana pathopsychology

Phambi inzululwazi kuvele imisebenzi Zeigarnik, kwakukho imbono ukuba kukho inani ukuphazamiseka bangonwabi yokuziphatha lomguli luyaqala ukuba bayeke ukuya kumgangatho osezantsi, nto leyo ibonisa kwinqanaba elithile ekukhuleni komntwana. Ngokusekelwe kulo mba, abaphengululi abaninzi baye bazama ukuchonga imbalelwano phakathi inkqubo sokonakalisa ubuntu nebakala ethile zobuntwana. Umzekelo, Kretschmer isondezwe kufutshane kwakucingwa yophuhliso nomthinjana seSkitsofreniya. Ngowe-1966, kwi-8 International Congress Azhuriagerra (a sisazinzulu Swiss) uNojaji ekuweni sekhombuya engqondweni ukusuka kwelona liphezulu iifom usezantsi. Ezi izigqibo zaye ngokusekelwe kwinani imigqaliselo:

1. Kwezinye izifo, izigulane banokulahlekelwa kukuba nako kwabo ukwenza iintlobo entsonkothileyo lwemisebenzi. Ngelo xesha linye kubona izakhono ezilula.
2. Ezinye iintlobo iingxaki zokuziphatha kunye nemisebenzi yengqondo bafana iintshukumo nokucinga ngayo umntwana.

Luria Zeigarnik, Rubinstein pathopsychology nezamachiza imithetho

Idatha zezi abaphandi ezichaphazelekayo ukuphazamiseka zokucinga, ukufunda nokubhala kwizigulane kunye nesifo semithambo, isifo i-Alzheimer, owaba yenzakala kanobom ebuchotsheni. Ngokusekelwe yonke ingcaciso ayifumene, kwindawo entsha imbono sele esivakalayo. Yaba kukuba ngenxa yokugula ngengqondo iphenjelelwa imithetho eziphilayo. Abakwazi ukuphinda imigaqo kunye izigaba zophuhliso. Nokuba xa sifo sichaphazela abaselula, amasebe ezithile ingqondo, psyche yomguli akuthethi ukufumana isakhiwo abantwana kwibakala lokuqala lophuhliso. Isibakala sokuba isigulana ayikho nako ukuthetha nokucinga kwinqanaba eliphezulu, ebonisa ilahleko iintlobo entsonkothileyo kwingqiqo yolwazi kunye nokuziphatha. Kodwa ke oku akuthethi ukuba awabuyisele inyathelo zabantwana.

mbono Myasishcheva

Kwakhona wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso psychopathology. Ngokutsho ithiyori, lomntu uchazwa nje ubuhlobo iqumrhu inkqubo nehlabathi ngaphandle. intsebenziswano enjalo azakubalulwa isakhiwo kwaye zibonakaliswa kumsebenzi engqondweni. Isifo yenza utshintsho kwaye atshabalalise le nkqubo kobudlelwane kwakhiwa. Ezi yokudla, yena, kusenokubangela ukuba esi sifo. Ngale hlobo kuyaphikisana Myasischev bahlola kwengqondo.