Injongo - le ... injongo Unxibelelwano

Xa ulungiselela ukuthetha kwintlanganiso okanye akuba wagqiba ukubhala incwadi okanye nje ukuba uthethe nomhlobo wakho malunga nento ebalulekileyo, siya ukucinga malunga nenjongo kunye kuthetha somsebenzi ukufikelela kuyo. Ukhawule isicwangciso okanye abanqwenela ukufikelela kuthiwa injongo. Isenokuba ungavezwa ngabom kwaye kuzimela ezinzulwini zingqondweni, esizibonakalisa akutsalwa ukuya kwindawo ethile.

Ukuzalwa ingqikelelo

Intension wendele theses eziphambili kwizifundo kwezinya yengqondo (ngabom) kunye ubukho yokwenene into. KumaXesha Aphakathi kwakukholelwa ukuba abe umbandela kwingqiqo yolwazi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ayenzekanga. Uhlobo injongo ngelithi Foma Akvinsky. Wathetha malunga nokusekwa neenjongo zobuntlola uyayiqonda sifundo. Kwinkulungwane XIX ephethe ngesandla ulukhanyiso ngengqondo lwengqiqo Franz Brentano iye yazuza ubomi obutsha. Wayekholelwa ukuba ezingqondweni le ngabom, ukuba uyalwa ukuba yintoni na ngaphandle kwakhe. Ngamanye amazwi, ingqiqo kuzisa ingqiqo sezingqondweni. Izazinzulu A. Meinong kunye Husserl ziphuhliswe imisebenzi yabo ngenzululwazi iindlela ezahlukeneyo ekumiseleni iinjongo ukuba kwixa elizayo zibe nempembelelo ebalulekileyo eziliqela imiyalelo bengqondo (zeGestalt bengqondo, personalism, njalo njalo). Enye bulumko - Heidegger - Ukuhlanganiswa ukhathalelo kunye intentionality, ekholelwa ukuba kukho unxibelelwano luyinxalenye phakathi kwabo. Waqiqa ngelithi "umntu ekubeni - ngumntu onenkathalo ukuba." Ukuba ngaba umntu uyasilela zabo "ukuba", ithe amandla ayo.

Injongo - yintoni na le nto?

Kukho inani elithi "injongo" imilinganiselo. Eyokuqala ichaza ngokuthi "ugqaliselo ezingqondweni kulo mbandela." Ngu ngabom ziquka ngokwasengqondweni, emphefumlweni, zenkuthazo, kunye nezinye iinkqubo nengqondo, njengoko isimo sengqondo kunye neemvakalelo zesifundo kunokuba ezahlukeneyo. eneneni neenjongo yinto khona, yaye zithiywe, lebyi okanye kwizinto ezitenxileyo. Ukutolikwa yesibini "ngenjongo" kombono banikelwe 'ingqwalasela kule njongo, "okanye isicwangciso ekujoliswe amanyathelo.

Injongo kwengqondo

Kulo zesayensi, eli gama libhekisela ugxininiso lwangaphakathi ezingqondweni kwi wokwenene okanye ngokwenene into, kwakunye isakhiwo, unika intsingiselo namava. Injongo - le ubuchule bomntu ukuba iinjongo ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwiziganeko kwemini, ukutshintsha ngokwabo. Enye imiba ngqiqo uyakwazi ukuqonda into kwiikona ezahlukeneyo, ngokuxhomekeke ingqiqo mortgaged. Ngokomzekelo, ecinga ilifa lokwenene njengecebo zasehlotyeni intsapho, indoda ukubazi ngokusondeleyo kunye nemiba efana intuthuzelo, izixhobo, lokuphola kule ndawo. Ukuba ipropati leyo ngumntu omnye wayithenga, kufuneka ahlawule kuqala ingqalelo ukuba ixabiso lemali kunye umgangatho kwezindlu. Injongo - le ukuzalwa uqhagamshelwano olusondeleyo nehlabathi ngaphandle. In nzima kwimbono zeemeko, abantu baye bafunda ukuba buthathaka ulwalamano yonke imihla de kube ulungele ukuqonda imeko.

neyonyango ngokwasengqondweni Frankl

Injongo psychology bubonakaliswe, eli esakhiwa ngo ngokudlala indoda yokoyika kwakhe okanye neurosis kwimeko kakhulu. Reception kwayilwa yi-Psychologist V. Frankl ngo-1927 kwaye kude kube ngoku sele isetyenziswe ngempumelelo practice. Le ndlela ibizwa - injongo ngamazwi. Ngokomzekelo, ubomi amaqabane, abo baye bafumanise ukuba ubuhlobo. Le therapist ikhuthaza ukuba ingxabano kangangoko kakhulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka nangokweemvakalelo ngakumbi, ngaloo ndlela isimo esibi kuba elawulekayo. Omnye umzekelo: umfundi esoyika ukwenza intetho zibe namanwele. Phantsi kwale ndlela, kucetywa ukuba aqale wangcangcazela kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela lisuse akhululeke. Indlela injongo ngamazwi kungakhokelela ekubeni iziphumo ezimbini: intshukumo okanye imeko liyayeka ukuba buhlungu yaye lawuleki, okanye ifaka i ingqalelo amava random sokudlala kunciphisa impembelelo yabo embi.

Eli indlela neyonyango ngokwasengqondweni

injongo ngamazwi ngokubhekisele indlela inkqubo self-ukususwa, nto leyo evumela umntu ukuba aphume isimo esibi. Ukwamkelwa yakhelwe phezu banomnqweno kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa okanye ukuba umntu wenza (kunye ukucalulwa) ngenxa yokumhlonela kwakhe uThixo. indlela injongo ngamazwi eli asetyenziswe nonyango lwengqondo. Ingakumbi kuyaphumelela xa tho ezihlekisayo. Uloyiko - yinto yokusabela zebhayoloji kwiimeko eziyingozi, yaye ukuba loo mntu uya kukhangela kuzo yaye baya kuba nako ukwenza nxamnye ukoyika, iimvakalelo ezingakhiyo uya kutshitsha kwakamsinya.

ndithanda ukuthetha

Xa Ezolimi, injongo - le lokuqala iingxelo yokuzalwa, elandelwa isizathu, ngaphakathi pronunciation yokuthetha. Nge cinga ingqikelelo ezinxulumene iintsingiselo eziphathekayo ngokunxibelelana, leyo zibonakaliswa inkqubo yonxibelelwano. injongo Speech (kwi obanzi) - yinto ngxubevange iimfuno, iinjongo kunye neenjongo kunye, nto leyo amiliswe ngaphakathi umyalezo ngokusetyenziswa izixhobo zonxibelelwano. Ngandlel 'ithile ayemxinwa, eli gama kuthathwa njengento isabelo olusebenzayo zidibana kunye ingqiqo isenzo illocutionary. Doctor of Philology NI Formanovskaya ingqalelo injongo njengoko isicwangciso ndiyakhe kwezinye ndlela, imilo, isimbo.

Ubunzima kwi sifundo sale kota na into yokukhetheka experiment badla umehluko ngeenjongo zonxibelelwano. Imiyalezo yelizwi zisoloko edibene iziganeko ezahlukeneyo extra-yeelwimi, kangangokuba na, nkqu mazwi elula yoyilo. Imiboniso uhlohla volitional kwaye zichaphazela umamkeli. Kukho ingqikelelo ngenjongo intetho akakholiswa, oko kukuthi yinxalenye zonxibelelwano. Oku kubonakaliswa ezimbi, nto leyo yitshintshe incoko kwicala eziphikisanayo.

Intsingiselo imiyalezo yelizwi. iintlobo injongo

Chonga injongo yokuba athi lowo uthunyelwe ezi kufuneka banikwe ubudlelwane lobuhlobo. Kukho typology ezahlukeneyo iinjongo illocutionary. Ngokomzekelo, uNjingalwazi E. A. Krasina lenze amalungiselelo oku kulandelayo:

1. Injongo bazibeke kuboniswe wawu 'ukutsho ukuba izinto zihamba njani. " Le ngxelo ezininzi eziqhele ukusetyenziswa "ingxelo", "vuma", kunye nabanye.
2. Komissivnaya ulitshitshisile umsebenzi ngayo "uyawabophelela isithethi ukwenza into ethile." Kulo mzekelo, wayedla ngokuthi "sithembiso," "isiqinisekiso" njalo-njalo.
3. ekujoliswe eqinile kuthetha Ezama "funa omnye umntu ukuba enze into." Olu hlobo luquka amazwi "buza", "isindululo", "command", kunye nabanye.
4. Declarative inomthwalo "ukutshintsha ihlabathi." Wayedla ingxelo ingqalelo, umgwebo, ukuxolela, nokuthiywa.
5. ngenjongo yokuvakalisa ukufuna "ukuvakalisa iimvakalelo okanye isimo sengqondo malunga imeko." Kulo mzekelo, izenzi "buhlungu", "buhlungu", "wamkelekile" njalo-njalo.

Ezinye kwengqondo kunye ngeelwimi bahlule iintlobo ezimbini ngeenjongo. Eyokuqala imele yokuqhelwaniswa ingqondo yomntu leyinene ezingqonge ngenjongo ukuba bamkele, ukufunda, chaza. Olu hlobo meko kuthiwa ngokwasengqondweni. injongo ngokunxibelelana eyona njongo sezingqondweni ukuphumeza iinjongo okucwangciselwe apho umntu Asikokungena incoko, okanye kude kuye.

Okubhaliweyo kwaye injongo

Xa ubhala incwadi okanye inqaku umbhali isekelwe phezu ingqiqo jikelele yokuba eye ichazwa ngokwayo. Ingcamango imveliso uvelisa igama "injongo yombhali." Ukudibanisa ilizwi kunye neenjongo umbhali ubonisa Outlook zombhali. Kuba uphawu lwalo isicelo iingqiqo ezifana umfanekiso kunye model ihlabathi, indawo ingqiqo lwembono, umfanekiso umbhali, kutshintshwe umbhalo njalo njalo. Umzekelo, umfanekiso ukhandwa umbhali ngezimvo zakhe ngokuphathelele iinkalo ezithile zobomi, umfanekiso umbalisi kunye nabalinganiswa, kwakunye edityanisiweyo kweelwimi kunye nesakhiwo sesicatshulwa. sengqondo Umbhali ukuba izinto kwimbono yakhe nabanye abantu kunye neziganeko zenze "umfuziselo ihlabathi", nto leyo ayiqulathanga zibonakalisa iziganeko njongo. Ngoko ke, sinokugqiba ukuba ngokoluvo umbhali kuhlala ingatshintshanga kwaye iqwalasela inyathelo kumsebenzi ngesandla esinye kuphela. Umfundi kwakhona bakha imbono yakhe nokudalwa yombhali.

ulwazi Generalizing

Kuba wonke ubuntu luphawulwa indlela ngamnye kulo ihlabathi, icandelo umthombo apho amava imeko yabo, usisithunzi mintlhaveko evela kwi imifanekiso eyahlukeneyo, kwakunye ukuzalwa inkqubo ejolise kulondolozo kunye nophuhliso lwabasebenzi. Kuba ukuphunyezwa ngempumelelo esi sicwangciso kufuneka umnqweno lobuqu, injongo ngamnye. Ukugxininisa kwiziphumo, uhlalutyo izenzo afunekayo amanyathelo ezingundoqo ekufikeleleni ezinqwenelekayo. Kwaye ke ithuba lokuba reformulate isimo sabo ukuba imeko yengxaki kuvula umnyango ukuya ngokonwaba humelelaka.