Ostafyevo (kumakhelwane museum): ukuqhuba imiyalelo, iifoto kunye nohlolo

Le yenye yeendawo ezininzi ezintle namadlelo. Ostafyevo ibekwe iikhilomitha ezisibhozo ukusuka eMoscow Ring Road. Kodwa kusoloko cwaka kakhulu kwaye zoxolo, ngokungathi ukusuka sixeko simaxhaphetshu kangaka yale mihla ufumana kwinkulungwane XIX. Namhlanje siza kukuxelela belilelakhe ilifa Ostafyevo indlela ukufumana kuyo. Uza kufunda malunga uyasinda ezikhumbuzo ezilahlekileyo.

Ostafyevo Manor - imvelaphi yembali

Le umvavanyi Collegiate K. Matveev ngo-1751 ndathenga kwilali lesigodlo Aleksandra Golitsyna Ostafyevo kunye ilali encinane Klimovo. Ngoko nangoko wangena zokuhlala ezimbini wakha indlu. Ngowe-1758 umnini omtsha welifa ivula Ostafyevo ilaphu nezityalo ezimibalabala. Yaba ekuqaleni zophuhliso kukujikeleza County ngokufaka. Kamva, umfazi wakhe wakha itempile kaBathathu Emnye oyiNgcwele kunye nkolo enkulu George, leyo iphila unanamhla.

Ostafyevo - Finca Vyazemskys izikhulu

Kuba phantse kwiminyaka elikhulu, ilifa wayekwiqela Vyazemskys endala. Ekubeni eli gama esihle enxulumene kwilifa elichumayo. Ngaloo mihla ke wathabatha ujongo ezimbalini, apho sibona namhlanje.

Andrey Ivanovich Vyazemsky, kwiminyaka engamashumi amane anesine waba uceba yangasese, wayengomnye izikhakhamela omncinane karhulumente. Umntu ingqondo elibukhali, kakuhle emihle yaye abafundileyo, yabe uhlobo elizimeleyo. Ngalo lonke ke wenza njengoko ebona kufanelekile, akukho nto kabani iingcebiso kunye namasiko. Ngokomzekelo, umtshato wakhe, nto leyo ixesha elide warhana kuluntu eliphezulu.

AI Vyazemsky wachitha ixesha elininzi ixesha aphesheya. Komnye uhambo lwakhe, wadibana inzwakazi, umfazi otshatileyo, Dzhenni Kvin Irish. Waye inkanuko wamthanda, wathabatha umyeni wakhe utshatile ngo-1786. Umfazi wakhe igama Yevgeniya Ivanovna Vyazemskoy.

Ngaloo maxesha imeko engahambi - kumnombo iinkosana enkulu, Rurik watshata nebhinqa yamaKatolika, ndingowasemzini, ngaphandle kokuba sele-abatshatileyo. abazali Andrew engazange sisinde kwaye kulo nyaka watshata isikhulu, wafa.

Prince wathengisa ilifa Udine, nto leyo enxulumene izinto ezininzi kakhulu kunye neziganeko ebuhlungu, ngumtyholwa owathi, nangona unwitting, waba. Ngowe-1792, i-Prince ithenga Ostafyevo. Manor kakhulu athobekile kwaye ngokucacileyo ngaphezu kokuba utsale Vyazemskys. Xa kwintsimi kwayo indlu encinane eyakhelwe ngaphandle ngamatye, Lodge ezimbini ngomthi kunye izakhiwo eziliqela, ezibe eyadini. Indlu adjoined epakini kunye Linden nasezirhangeni. Prince Wazisusa zonke izakhiwo ezindala ngaphandle barn. Ngexesha lasehlotyeni ngo-1798, umsebenzi waqalisa ukulungisa kunye nokubuyiselwa idama, ukufakelwa izibane wenza grilles yentsimbi kwebhulorho.

Ngaxeshanye kunye kumsebenzi wokulungisa wadalwa kunye ipaka. Ngowe-1800, Prince wayeka wazinikela ngokupheleleyo nolwakhiwo kunye nokuphuculwa kwindlwane yosapho. Kodwa ke, ukuphumeza izicwangciso zabo, nto ayizange ithetha ukuba. Ngowe-1807, wafa. Nyana uPetros, wemka uphantsi kwenkathalo umhlobo osenyongweni, le mbali Karamzin, ngubani ngaphambi kwesi siganeko buhlungu wayezeke intombi Vyazemskogo Ekaterine. Wazinza Ostafyevo, apho wabhala "yeembali karhulumente Russian 'iminyaka eli-12.

eneneni Intandokazi eMoscow ulutsha, wit kunye humorist uPetros Vyazemsky ukuze umbongo wakhe kokumgxeka wathunyelwa evela kwikomkhulu ukuya Ostafyevo. Kwefama kuye kwajika bamvalela, apho wayehlala phantsi elibukhali amapolisa.

Ngelo xesha, ukuba watyelela ngabameli ilungileyo koongqondo ezinobuchule elo xesha: VA Zhukovsky, KN Bvtyushkov, VP Pushkin (imbongi nguyisekazi), AI Musin-Pushkin, I. I. Dmitriev. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho elizayo Decembrists M. S. Lunin, V. K. Kyuhelbeker. Zingabizwa kwilifa N. V. Gogol, A. S. Griboedov, uAdam Mitskevich kunye A. S. Pushkin ngokwakhe.

Kamva, ityala obukhatshwa, Petros A. wabuyela eSt Petersburg waza wenza umsebenzi ndiyincutshe enkundleni. Ukususela ngoko Vyazemskys phantse akazange eze Ostafyevo. Manor ufikile linxuwa. Mhlawumbi ayesenako kutshatyalaliswa ngelo xesha, ukuba wayengazange waba umnini omtsha - Prince P. P. Vyazemsky - umqokeleli ndiyazingca yaye nombhali imisebenzi ezininzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle kwimbali nenkcubeko Russian. Waqokelela ii icon, ukukrola, ukupeyinta, ubhedu, imveliso yephondo, iincwadi, izixhobo. Konke oku butyebi wathumela e-Ostafyevo. Manor kunye park zibuyisiwe.

Ke inkosi welifa wayengunyana ka-Prince uPetros, owayehlala eSt Petersburg, weza Ostafyevo kunqabile kakhulu. Manor musa ingeniso, kwaye kwagqitywa ekubeni athengise ngayo le mbali Bala S. D. Sheremetevu. ilungu Wawongwa the Academy of Sciences, umnini Ostankino kunye Kuskovo, Sergey waqonda ixabiso nokubaluleka zembali Ostafyevo.

Le ngokupheleleyo ukuze kwilifa, wayibuyisela isakhiwo ezingundoqo wammisa Viazemsky ezikhumbuzo, Karamzin kunye Pushkin - abantu abaninzi baye ezinxulumene Ostafyevo. Eneneni Manor waba ngowokuqala imyuziyam Russian, edibene Pushkin. Ukususela ngowe-1903 Ostafyevo kwaye zibekwe kufutshane umthetho karhulumente Nikolskoye unikwe ubume reserve.

Pushkin Ostafyevo

In namadlelo iisayithi ezininzi zembali ezinxulumene nobomi AS Pushkin. One of them - Ostafyevo Manor. Le mbongi enkulu weza umhlobo wakhe osenyongweni, umnini edume Manor - Prince P. A. Vyazemskomu.

Alexander kathathu watyelela Ostafyevo. njalo ke waba lundwendwe bamkelekile ukuba Vyazemskys. Imbongi ufunde lukhulu apha kuba esekwe bomda ukuya boldins yayo ingqondo yemveli.

Ukususela ngo-1982, zonke ngonyaka kwi Cawa yokuqala ka-Juni bapase Pushkin leeholide Ostafyevo. Kwefama, idilesi yakhe: 142001, ummandla eMoscow, kwisithili Podolsk, wamkela amawaka abathandi izibongo nyaka ngamnye. Nabani na ulazisa igama wembongi enkulu, beze nengcwaba lakhe uze ufunde imibongo yakhe brilliant, walala iintyatyambo.

Ostafyevo emva revolution

Kwacaca bayahlelwa oonyana Ostafyevo post-revolution. Estate Museum zadliwa uhulumeni ngo-1918. Ukususela ngoko waba impahla karhulumente. Lo mhlaba wathabatha ulawulo lorhulumente omtsha.

Sheremetievs ukundilahla inzala yabo, hayi basuka kwamanye amazwe. Bona ingqalelo ngodumo ukuba uhlale ugcine Ostafyevo, Ostankino, Kuskovo. Baye zafumana kumagunya entsha ihambo ngokukhuselekileyo ngelifa. Ukhuseleko lwabo baba ileta yoncomelo esayinwe Lunacharsky. Ngowe-1918, wafa SD Sheremetev, kunye nonyana wakhe uPawulos wamisela umlawuli wokuqala myuziyam kunye nomgcini welifa. Ngowe-1928, yena emsebenzini ngaphandle inkcazo kwaye ugxothiwe kwilifa nentsapho yakhe yonke. isiphelo Manor kokuvalelwa.

Ngentwasahlobo yowama-1930 e-Ostafyevo lwembali wabhangiswa zasuswa kuwo avuleke zexabiso. Abanye babo, ezifana nengqokelela icons XV - iinkulungwane XVII ukusuka yoonongendi Old Likholwa ukuba Vyazemsky wafumana isipho esivela Sinodi, batshiswa ngqo kwi kwilifa.

imvuselelo museum

Namhlanje, kwisithili Podolsk, engekude evela eMoscow, amawaka abakhenkethi beza kubona amangcwaba kwimbali nenkcubeko yase Russia. Kakade ke, lo Museum-Estate Ostafyevo "Russian Parnassus".

epaki

Namhlanje Ostafyevo - Manor (photo ungabona inqaku lethu), eziquka indlu enkulu kunye amaphiko amabini kunye ipaki yinzwakazi. Akanguye inkulu kakhulu, kodwa cwaka bekhululekile. Ngokutsho kubakhenkethi abaninzi, uncedo iphambili yale paka kuxhomekeke kukuba ngempelaveki kwi iindawo abantu kancinane emhlabeni; uhlambulukile kakhulu.

Xa park kukho ichibi-zigcinwe kakuhle, yaye avenue enkulu Linden, abalunikelwayo kwakanye A. S. Pushkin ebizwa ngokuba "Parnassus Russian", ungabona amangcwaba P. A. Vyazemskomu, Karamzin, Pushkin.

i uhambo estate

Phantse emnyango wezindlu zintathu Church, nto leyo eyinxalenye ebhotwe, ipaki lomculo. Uyilelwe yi wezakhiwo engaziwa indlela classicism yokuqala. Le cawe yamiselwa ngo-1782. Ngamaxesha Soviet ngayo lavalwa, yaye kuphela ngo-1991 waqalisa yokwakha ngokutsha. Namhlanje ke itempile ukusebenza, apho isikolo seCawe.

Indlu enkulu Manor

Ngundoqo welifa lisebenzisa isakhiwo esinemigangatho emibini. Indlu eyakhiwe indlela classicism Russian. Kumgangatho ophantsi, enibe nifudula amagumbi karhulumente ngomhla wesibini - zokuhlala.

Le ezingaphakathi grand uyakwazi ukuya kwigumbi elisekungeneni, apho Prince Vyazemsky walungiselela yobuciko. Xa ngemizobo yakhe yabamba XV - XVI eminyaka. Ukususela yokulinda ubungakwazi kwiHolo Khan. Yaba igumbi kakhulu ezintle Ostafyevo. Museum-Estate ngoku ifumaneka kubakhenkethi, ngoko ungabona ngokwakho.

Ukuya ekhohlo iholo igumbi lokutyela, naphezu kwithala ekunene uPawulos Petrovich kunye ofisi Andrei Ivanovich Vyazemsky. Ithala abaphantse amawaka amahlanu imiqulu.

Ukuya ekhohlo kwithala kukho igumbi lokuhlala eliphangaleleyo. kwigumbi lokuhlala Small waba lokulala ngaphambili.

Umgangatho wesibini kwaku igumbi labahambi, iminyaka eli-12 wayehlala phi kwaye wasebenza NM Karamzin. Ukongeza, nanku igumbi Marii Arkadevny kunye Andrei Ivanovich Vyazemsky.

Le lomculo yokwakha welifa, ukongeza kwindlu enkulu, bekukho amagumbi bomntu, zokugcina, iishedi ngomthi noovimba, yezitena mveliso, zokugcina kunye hothouses, 2 kwo. Ngelishwa, inkoliso zakhiwo batshatyalaliswa.

Okwangoku, Manor, umsebenzi wokubuyisela omkhulu. Ngaphandle koku, kukho basoloko belindele iindwendwe.

Imiboniso kunye ukucacisa

Ukuze iindwendwe myuziyam zinginginya rhoqo imiboniso kunye ukhenketho yale paka Manor. Isebenzisa i exposure noluqhutywa okoko, ezifana: "Imbali Manor Ostafyevo nekamva", "I yiKhabhinethi iimbasa", kunye nabanye. Amatikiti malini ukusuka engange-40 ukuya kuma-80 (imiboniso kunye ukucacisa). ukhenketho wezindlu kubiza engange 250 umntu ngamnye.

Ukufumana apho

Ukuba baye batyelela yilo, nto leyo lesikhumbuzo yembali Russian kunye bokwakha, ngoko musa ukulibala uhambo ukuya yindawo entle efana Manor Ostafyevo. Indlela ukufika apho, uyakwazi khona ngoku. Kwisikhululo sikaloliwe Kursk kufuneka ukuba bangene uloliwe, yaye kunokwenzeka metro "Boulevard D. Don" kwinani ibhasi 422 kwaye suka kwisikhululo "Shcherbinka". Emva koko utshintshe kwi nombolo ibhasi 1045. uya kukusa kwi stop "Ostafyevo Museum."

Apha silindele iindwendwe yonke imihla ukususela 10.00 ukuya 17.00. Ipaki Manor linokufikeleleka iiyure-8 ukuya ku-22 (ukususela ku-Apreli ukuya kuSeptemba), iiyure-8 ukuya ku-20 (ekwindla nasebusika).

Manor Ostafyevo: ncomo umthengi

Kuba abemi abaninzi eyinkunzi (ingakumbi kwimimandla yawo ekumazantsi) park Manor iye yaba yindawo iholide oyithandayo. Ngokusekelwe iimpendulo zabo, nguye ngoku zikwimeko elungileyo. Kusoloko zicocekile yaye bekhululekile. abahlali megacity baqonde uxolo nokuthula ezikhona kwilifa.

abathandi Imbali baphikise ukuba bakwazi ukufunda okuninzi malunga ubomi babantu abaninzi kakuhle yaziwa kwaye ehlonelwa eRashiya apha ekuhambeni Iihambo kwi ngelifa. iindwendwe ezininzi ushiye nokubuyekezwa efudumeleyo umbulelo kubaququzeleli imiboniso kunye nengqokelela esisigxina.

Abathandi imibongo kunye nobuchule A. S. Pushkina ukuvakalisa umbulelo omkhulu ziingcali ze yimyuziyam umsebenzi osisigxina ukwenzela ulondolozo lwelifa lemveli esixabisekileyo imbongi elikhulu; kwakunye sokucwangcisa iziganeko izibongo.

Ezinye iindwendwe welifa bathi myuziyam ayikho nezinto ngokwaneleyo imbali, abaninzi kubo kufakwe imifanekiso.