Olhovidnaya Rhamnus (alder sihlahla): Ukutyala kunye nokugcinwa, inkcazelo, photo

plant sihlahla, ifoto leyo ngokukhawuleza bakhumbuze abaninzi ukuba sithetha ekuthiwa "Wolfberry" usenokukhangeleka etyholweni okanye umthi omncinane. Olu hlobo ikhula kakhulu copses okanye elintlangothi ehlathini, ngokufuthi afumaneka kwi lomlanjana okanye echibini.

ulwazi jikelele

Kwindalo, kukho malunga ezilikhulu neentlobo amahlanu sihlahla. Amalungu kuzenza aqhelekile kwimimandla efudumeleyo okanye etropiki nezi ndawo Southern saseNtla. Iyantlukwano enkulu, ngokutsho iingcali, uyabonakala e North America. Iintlobo sihlahla kakhulu, kodwa ephilisa ayikho bonke. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zingasetyenziswa njenge isisu. Avamise kakhulu alder sihlahla Asplenifolia, nangona kwezinye iindawo ngokufuthi esetyenziselwa iinjongo amayeza njengoko zhoster, okanye American iintlobo. Kwilizwe lethu ifumaneka ehlathini kunye emathafeni yekhasi inxalenye Yurophu, kwimimandla umbindi Western eSiberia, e- Asia Minor, kodwa inkoliso yazo zonke ubukhula kwi eCrimea neCaucasus.

Ekhaya kulo mthi amancinci kuthathwa saseNtla Koloni. Yezizathu kuqala yafunyanwa kwi kunxweme yoLwandle iMeditera. Yaye iingcali zithi "nootatomkhulu yamandulo» Asplenifolia olwalukho ngexesha Mesozoic - kweli thuba Cretaceous. Namhlanje, abantu abaninzi ngokubanzi kusetyenziswa isityalo zokuhomba ezisetyenziswa yolwabiwo, wafumana sihlahla olhovidnaya okanye inkumnkum, kunye nomtshayelo, macrophylla, engxondorheni, zazubrennolistnaya kunye uPalmer.

ukusebenzisa imithi

Iimpawu aphilisayo esi sityalo ayikho into ekuso. Sihlahla, ifoto apho eziqhelekileyo kwabaninzi, uneempawu zawo. Ngabo kufuneka bazi kwangaphambili, ukuze ukwenzakalisa unyango. Ukulungiselela iinjongo zonyango, liya kusetyenziswa yonke sihlahla olhovidnaya, ngakumbi ngqo, ixolo yayo. Funda yakheke ngemichiza lwabonisa ukuba liqulathe ulwazi oluninzi kwezinto eziphilayo esebenzayo, eyona inamandla kuzo frangulin kunye glyukofrangulin. ixolo sihlahla lubanesiphumo isisu, kodwa amaxesha amaninzi iza kusetyenziswa amayeza kunye atony esiswini, hemorrhoids, okwenziwa sisilonda yiSpasticity okanye ehlola efakwa.

incazelo

Esi sityalo kwetyholo. Endle, oko kudla ikhangeleka komthi. Kwezinye iingingqi rhamnaceae usapho - Rhamnaceae - akhule ukuya kwiimitha ezisixhenxe ubude yaye iinkqubo eyayizalwa rhoqo. Ngokwangaphandle, "Wolfberry" okanye zhoster ntlanzi, ikhangeleka ngathi isityalo ebukekayo kakhulu ukuba onabileyo, isithsaba kunye namagqabi egudileyo-mbini ezi okweqanda. Abasakwazi eziqaqambileyo zipeyintwe umbala oluhlaza oqaqambileyo kwaye ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo ngaxeshanye kujikwa kancinane mithambo lateral.

Igama generic yale sityalo kuvela frangere Latin, gama elo elithetha "ikhefu". kwakhona Oku kubonakalisa phawu ezikhethekileyo ezi zilwanyana. Sihlahla olhovidnaya uye amasebe ethe kakhulu. Ngokutsho kwenye inguqulelo edumileyo, igama layo, lo sityalo ifumene hayi kangako ngenxa yehlathi-ethe, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ekhoyo lamandla ayo imilingo ekuvumela ukuba 'ukutshabalalisa "njengokhangelo ububi. Kodwa bathi, into ekuphela kufuneka angathandabuzi kuyo zobumnini zamachiza amaxolo namatyholo, ayiphelelanga, Ngokwahlukileyo koko abaninzi phakathi kwabantu, kuphela isiphumo isisu. imisonto sihlahla mancinci ngokwaneleyo kunye nombala ezimhlophe-yellow. Amaxolo kwi nakumphezulu komboko nkqu amasebe esencinane egudileyo, kwayingqombela-mdaka. Oku kudla wayifulela lenticels amhlophe lanceolate.

iintyatyambo

Alder sihlahla evela kwenye iintlobo - zhostera - ephawuleka ngokungabikho epheleleyo sameva. neentyantyambo zaso mincinci kwaye ulala. Ukuba zichanekile, kwaye ezithungwini-wawabizela Ezintlanu emibini ukuya ezintandathu axils amagqabi. Zalo ezimhlophe ngaphakathi nangaphandle - eluhlaza.

Alder sihlahla, iziqhamo apho abe imilo ungqukuva, namaqhina wakhululwa ngoMeyi. entlahleni Full ehlathini kunokubonwa phakathi kuJuni. Thelo obomvu ekuqaleni, aze ke atshintshelwe ibe drupe emnyama. ubude yabo ukuya ngemilimitha ezisibhozo. Alder sihlahla siyakwazi ukumelana eliphezulu iqabaka, imbalela ukumelana, kwaye zivunwe kakuhle eyayizicheba okanye xa sisakhula. Iziqhamo zonke iintlobo ezi amaqunube Kruszyn kostyankovidnye zimnandi ngamatye ezintathu. Ubukhulu becala ke ngobubi, koko, nokuba eziyityhefu.

Ukhetho site

Alder sihlahla, ukutyala kunye nokhathalelo leyo ayifuni izakhono ezizodwa kunye nolwazi, loo nto ithathwa izityalo kakhulu ukungafuni. Ngoko ke, ngokutsho begadi, ungasebenzisa nawuphi na umhlaba ukuze kulinywe yayo. Phantsi kweemeko zendalo, esi sityalo ukhetha ukuze zikhule kakuhle amanzi kwaye afihla kwimimandla eluhlaza kunye nomhlaba ofumileyo. Njengoko alder sihlahla iingcambu ephuhliswe kakuhle kunye ubude kweenkqubo komhlaba, izihlandlo ezibini okanye ezintathu ukuphakama inxalenye yawo emhlabeni, akunjalo kunjani embi, nkqu kumhlaba kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze kulinywe iintlobo ezokuhombisa isetyenziswa yomhombiso elathe phantsi inkcubeko kubhetele ukuba ukwaba indawo kakuhle ezikhanyayo ibe umthamo ukufuma komhlaba osisivunda ochumileyo. Kuba zonke iintlobo sihlahla efanelekileyo yokusabela cala okanye ialakalin ephezulwana sisombululo lomhlaba.

Iindlela ukuzalisa kunye nokuqalisa

olhovidnaya sihlahla yezeka - by izithole, emva komnye, okanye iilekese ingcambu. Kutshanje, Noko ke, angabi indlela zithandwa yaye ZakwaLizwi Zehlabathi. izinto Ukutyala obekwe kwi emhlabeni ekwindla. Nangona izithole ingatyalwa entwasahlobo ngokunjalo.

Phambi kokutyala nawuphi na umsebenzi wokulungiselela akufuneki ukuba ukuphuculwa zomhlaba. ubukhulu komgodi 60h60h60 wemba kwangaphambili okanye ngqo ngosuku olufanayo. Ukuba olhovidnaya sihlahla esetyenziswa njenge ngodonga site, kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela ubunzulu umsele ibe sisiqingatha semitha. Ukulungele ukuba bazalise emngxunyeni zeendawana wamatye, isanti kunye nomhlaba bazipheka kwi umlinganiselo we-2: 1: 2. Kumhlaba asidi izakudityaniswa ukwenza enye dolomite okanye ikalika. Izithole ityalwa kwi embindini mingxuma ezilungiselelwe, pre-kahle iingcambu, uze afefe umaleko umhlaba otyebileyo, nto leyo ke tamped kuhle. Emhlabeni izityalo ukwenza ukunkcenkceshela imingxuma, kunye ukuqhubela ukhangele ibhuthi, ukuze ngaloo ndlela ngakumbi libaziseko kwezulu. Umhlaba itsalelwa kunye isitroyi kunye umgquba okanye isichumiso, yaye ngamanye amaxesha - a wamatye evakalala.

ukunakekela

Sihlahla olhovidnaya njengoko onke amatyholo kunye nemithi, kakhulu, kufuneka ukuba kusekwe, ezempilo kunye nokuthenwa zokuhomba. Kulo mzekelo, oko amacandelo umthi zemithi kufuneka rhoqo sikhululwe ukhula. Xa kwehlobo, ekuqaleni ngoJuni, izinto kufuma endala kufuneka walungiswa emhlabeni, uwaphalazele phezu sele entsha. Ukunkcenkceshela ikhutshwa phandle njengoko lomhlaba lome. Ngexesha lekhefu kufuneka athambise umhlaba.

Kwiindawo ezivulekileyo kunye ngokungakhuselekanga egadini lesi yokuhlala engcono ixesha lasebusika. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le sityalo lwahluma ngesakhiwo, ngokutsho ncomo, ayikho nzima. Kwikhephu encinane, ebusika obubandayo sihlahla kwakhona kunyanzelekile-inshorensi. Ukongeza, isityalo liyancitshiswa kakhulu, kusekwe isithsaba, ozifumanayo ngokukhawuleza.

isicelo

Sihlahla olhovidnaya angathanda enomthunzi kwaye afihla umoya nokufuma eliphezulu. Ngenxa inkqubo ekhoyo iingcambu, buyakwazi ngokukhuselekileyo, nangona kancinane ngokucothayo, nkqu kwimihlaba bahluphekayo.

Olhovidnaya sihlahla - isityalo, ixesha elide eyaziswa inkcubeko. Xa izitiya zethu, oko kusoloko kubonwa iqela okanye izityalo ezahlukeneyo. Uninzi omakhelwane abahle kule sityalo, ebalawula yi-ncomo, zithathwa ukuba ngemisipres, viburnum, Sambucus racemosa, neentaka cherry, rowan kunye Conifers ephantsi. Of sihlahla begadi abaninzi bakhetha ukwenza ngothango, leyo intle ngakumbi kwixesha eneentyatyambo, kwaye ngexesha fruiting.

Okumangalisayo ujonga inkcubeko yaye zakhiwe kunye enjalo kwizityalo yolwabiwo ezifana hawthorn, ezinde, pine apile umthi, thuja kunye wejunipha, ngokunjalo kunye nespruce etsobhileyo waseKhanada. Ke inayo lwakho ukuhombisa iindawo izityalo hlathi Bagciniwe kwiimbombo kwemitholo egadini okanye okulala.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Sihlahla olhovidnaya - izityalo ngokwanelisayo kuzinza ukuba banazo ayifane izinambuzane okanye izifo. Of iingozi ezimbalwa ezichaphazela amagqabi okanye Namagatya ingabizwa limonnitsu, kwakunye ezinye iintlobo zabonwa. Clearings apho kukho sene sihlahla, imveliso iqanda kwenzeka qho ngakumbi ngamasebe abaselula. Amanyathelo ukuba ukulwa esi sifo kukutsala iintaka insectivorous kwi kwamatyholo, kwakunye ukutshiswa iindlwane izinambuzane.