Kutlak Fortress: inkcazelo kunye nembali

Kutlak inqaba - enye imibombo eliligugu eCrimea. Ukuma yamandulo - indawo eyaziwa e Tauris, lesikhumbuzo antique le BC Ngenkulungwane yoku-1. e. ECrimea, le nqaba igama yesibini - Bosporkaya. Le ise encamini ecaleni Veselovsky bay.

Imbali yale nqaba

Kutlak Fortress (eCrimea) ekuqaleni ngokuba Afinion. inqaba wamandulo yakhiwa ngokwemiyalelo Asander, irhuluneli Pharnaces II, ukumkani ezikwelasePonto. Walawula kwi Cimmerian Bosporus. Asander yachitha Pharnaces, kodwa amandla ukubonisa inzala yabo akazange abe nexesha.

Le nqaba waba lamabutho entshona karhulumente. Kutlak yaba yokusabela Asander lokugqibela. Ngenkulungwane ye-14 ngaphakathi kweendonga ivela emzini Ani Armenia yamisa inqaba. ICrimea AmaTatar ebizwa Kutlak kwakusembiwa kuyo, ngokutsho ngokuma.

indawo

Kutlak ibekwe kufutshane elwandle, phezu kweentaba eNtshona Koloni umlindi-zombini. Ukuqinisa Veselovsky ibekwe phakathi Gulf kunye bay oluhlaza. Ilizwe apho amanxuwa ezishiyekileyo inxulumene Pike kwisithili ezidolophini. Iintsalela yaseYiputa ezi neekhilomitha ezine ukusuka kwidolophana fun mihla.

Nokusebenza inqaba kumaxesha amandulo

Kumaxesha amandulo, amabutho emkhosini ibekwe ngaphakathi iinqaba. Uye amakhulu amajoni. Iindonga zesixeko wakhusela ilizwe ulwandle Pirates, bakhona kwaye ayehlasela Tauri. Kukho ukuqashisela ukuba ecaleni nqaba kwizibuko, wayenayo phantsi kokhuseleko Kutlak.

amajoni ayo kusenokwenzeka ukuba zisusela Feodosia kunye eThrace. Ukufunda nokubhala, akacudiswanga baqeqeshiwe yaye wayengazi ukuba ukubhala ngayo, kodwa yavelisa zomdongwe ezibalaseleyo wengcibi yokuluka zesinyithi. Ngenxa longquzulwano phakathi Feodosiya kunye Bosporus abahlali karhulumente washiya iinqaba nqaba. Kule yaphela khona kunyaka-60. Le nqaba yayekwa.

incazelo

Ukuqinisa Kutlak, ibekwe kwi ithafa entabeni massif unogada-bobabini, ukuba ifomu-5-namalahle. Territory phambi kokwakhiwa inqaba ayenziwanga elungelelaniswe, ngoko yakhiwe ngexesha irekhodi. Kutlak wayengqongwe amabini, anamanci imitha udonga ukuphakama kuyimitha-4 ukuya ku-6. udonga lwamatye ubukhulu kuhluka. Phezu kodonga Cliff 0.6 kuphela mitha, ngecala lasempumalanga nomntla - 3 m.

Kutlak inqaba waba ezinde 5, ngamnye imigangatho ezimbini. Kwakhona iinqaba kwakhiwa nenqaba kunye emhadini lo. Bona baba kwicala emantla-ntshona. Ende elikhulu isikwere, yokulinganisa 10.7 x 8.5 m. Xa ezintlu zokuqala kwindawo zorhwebo. Umnyango kwakukho akunjalo, kwaye ungafumana kuphela izinyuko nge kumgangatho wesibini.

It waqhuba ibhulorho eyahlukileyo. Kwimeko apho kukho isoyikiso wabatshabalalisa nje nenqaba ende waba umqobo elibonakalayo yotshaba. Kutlak uyahluka ezininzi kwezo ezikhumbuzo yamandulo. Ukuqiniswa ekuqaleni isango elikhulu, ngalo ukuba kudlula loo nqwelo. Kodwa ke kwakugcwele bricked phezulu.

Kutlak wafumana abantu enqabeni nge nenqaba lwasempuma emazantsi-ntshona. enye esincinane sokuqokelela esangweni phambi ngentsimbi ngesango encinane elimxinwa. Kwam ukusuka kwenye indlela ukuya elwandle. Xa intlambo ecaleni nqaba mthombo wamanzi acocekileyo. Ngesango elimxinwa ezincinane yesibini phezu icala lobume ukuzithethelela.

Ngaphakathi iinqaba kwakukho enqabeni kunye nezindlu ezine. workshop zisuswe nokuhlawulwa isinyithi. Amaphahla wayifulela iithayile ilitye lentlabathi, yatywinwa ngodongwe. Ukususela into efanayo kongezwe iindonga yelitye lentlabathi basekuhlaleni kwakhiwa.

Ngomhla kummandla yinqaba ukuzithethelela kakuhle ombiwe enikezela amanzi okusela abantu ngexesha zokungqinga. Le abemi ngokuthatha amanzi asuka kumthombo engaphandle iinqaba.

Iintsalela nqaba kule mihla

uthango iCrimea Uyalwa Kutlak yafunyanwa ngama zakudala Baranov. Ngowe-1982, iziphumo kuqala hambo elandelayo akwazi ukunceda ukucwangcisa ubungakanani yobukumkani Bosporus. De kokufunyanwa inqaba kwakucingwa ukuba urhulumente indawo encinci.

Xa sijonga la mabhodlo eseleyo, kubonakala ukuba lesikhumbuzo samandulo lwezakhiwo ishiyekayo. Kodwa ukuba iingcali, abembi, Kutlak inqaba ezigcinwe kakuhle kakhulu ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni na ekomelezeni umsebenzi wayo kunye nexabiso ebukumkanini Bosporus.

Umzekelo, oko kwazeka ukuba indawo kanye kumaziko zasekwa kunye obuselukhambeni. Nenqaba leyo yayimi kwikona ntshona, wakhonza ngaxeshanye njengemqondiso. inqaba yamandulo kwahlukile uyilo olucacileyo, ngenxa leyo kuthiwa "ntlanu". Nenqaba ephambili iye yasinda kuzo enamanqanaba yesibini, phezulu sakhiwo kunye nexesha.

Ukususela izixhobo izembe zentsimbi kunye yotolo elikhulu kakhulu zifunyenweyo. Kungenzeka ukuba bekujongiwe ballista. Ehlabathini undoqo yaba lilitye zinaso ukuba okusawula kunye kamnemetov.

Kude kube ngoku, esi zokuzifaka apha wamandulo wenziwe zembiwa uphando. Le nqaba ziqukwe kuluhlu ezikhumbuzo yezembali kunye zakudala baqalisa museumification yakhe. Kodwa umsebenzi etyetyisiweyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje.