Nokuxubana - ngubani na ezinjalo? Life, ubomi, inkcubeko nokuxubana yamandulo

Ukususela iincwadi zembali, siyazi ukuba nokuxubana - yenye uluntu inkulu yobuhlanga kwi World Endala. Nangona kunjalo, akucaci kude kube sekupheleni, okanye ukuba okanye apho bafika bevela. Makhe sihlolisise ezi imvuthuluka owayenomgutyana ulwazi, kwakunye kujoliswe kwiinyaniso ethembeke ngakumbi ngobomi, inkcubeko kunye neenkolelo ezi zizwe.

Ungubani na ke?

Makhe zama ukufumana phandle i nokuxubana - ngubani na lo, bevela phi na eYurophu, yaye kutheni bashiya kwilizwe labo. Kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi kulo mba. Abanye ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba izizwe Slavic ukusuka ndawo beza baza bahlala apha ukususela ekudalweni kwehlabathi. Ezinye iinzululwazi zikholelwa inzala yamaSkitiya kwaye amaSarmatia, kunye nabanye - abangabakhe bezinye iintlanga awayevela ezinzulwini Asia, kuquka ukuya Aryans. Kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba sisondele izigqibo, hypothesis nganye uneempazamo zayo ezibukweni.

Sele iyinto eyaziwayo Slavic Indo-European abantu, okwacaca kwi-World Old ngexesha Ukufuduka Great. Uye ulahlekelwe kwebala kunye ezinxulumene izizwe zaseJamani somgama enkulu, wahamba indlela yakhe yophuhliso. Kodwa abalandeli ezininzi ingcamango kukuba le uluntu uhlanga beza avela kwelaseAsiya emva koMkhukula, endleleni befunda kunye nabantu basekuhlaleni kusungula amaziko impucuko - the Etruscans, amaGrike namaRoma, zaza zahlala akwiiBalkan, Vistula, Dniester kunye Dnieper. Nestor umkhumbuzi uthi nokuxubana afika eRashiya emva kwiNqaba yaseBhabheli.

Hayi ngaphantsi impikiswano ke igama uhlanga. Abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba nokuxubana - lithetha "abantu abafunde bangabanini elithi 'elinye igama eliguqulelwa ngokuthi' nice" okanye ukukhangela imvelaphi yalo egameni Dnieper - Slavutych.

Kwemisebenzi ephambili ookhokho bethu

Ngoko ke, safumanisa ukuba nokuxubana - ke izizwe amadlelo lowo ababehlala. Ayavumelana yi ulwimi, iinkolelo, izithethe. Kwaye yintoni kokuqhubekileyo kule nokuxubana? Akukho iinketho, Kakade ke, kuba ezolimo. Kwiindawo ehlathini kwafuneka ukulungiselela kuqala ilizwe, ukugawula imithi kumncothula kwizikhondo. Kwiindawo ihlathi-emathafeni, kuqala ecima ingca, ize ke ilizwe ivundiswe nothuthu, zameva kunye mbewu eyatyalwa ezingqondweni. Kwezi guns esetyenziswa yi ikhuba, ikhuba, Iqwakanise. Izilimo bekhula amazimba, irye, nengqolowa, nerhasi, ertyisi, benemfuyo neflakisi.

Ke ezinye izifundo Slavic zaye swi ekuvelisweni izixhobo kwezolimo (blacksmithing), kwakunye ukusetyenziswa yasekhaya (ngodongwe). Ku kakhulu yaphuhliswa izilwanyana: ookhokho bethu yabola, nezimvu, namahashe, iibhokhwe, iihagu. Ngaphezu koko, baye basebenzisa iziphiwo yendalo: amakhowa lokuqokelela, namaqunube, ubusi iinyosi ehlathini, ezingelwa izilwanyana zasendle neentaka. Oku wasebenza kunye nabamelwane babo, kwaye imali yokuqala kucingelwa ukuba izikhumba martens.

isiko

Ubomi bathuleyo nokuxubana elungele kuphuhliso inkcubeko. Agriculture yaba nomsebenzi iphambili kuluntu, kodwa zazivelela nobugcisa bokuhombisa (nokuluka, izacholo, imikrolo, amathambo kunye bondarstvo otyhidiweyo, tanning). Baba zakuqala yokubhala.

Oobawo babehlala uluntu, izigqibo ezibalulekileyo esathathwa kwintlanganiso jikelele. Xa ilifa mphakathi amadlelo, umhlaba olimekayo kunye namadlelo. Kodwa wonke umntu abe impahla yabo kunye nemfuyo. Xa intloko womanyano wesizwe lowo Prince, ngubani wathembela izinduna-patrimonial. Baba abantu elihloniphekileyo abaye bakhetha ngexesha yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe, kwaye ke ngoko ke waguqukela yezikhulu yasekuhlaleni.

Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, i nokuxubana baba nabalulamileyo, ngokulula idluliselwe obukhoyo imozulu, indlala. Kodwa wahlala abanekratshi, inkululeko-onothando, nesibindi ethembekile ekuhlaleni kwakhe, ukuba intsapho yakhe. Iindwendwe zisoloko samkelwa isonka kunye netyuwa, idini ilungileyo ukuba bekukho kuloo ndlu.

abamelwane ukuxakeka

Nokuxubana wahlala phakathi eYurophu Asia, kuloo mazwe kunye uvimba eyodwa lwezibonelelo kunye nomhlaba ochumileyo. Anazo kwintsimi enkulu phantse yalula, kuba loo ndawo uswele yonke into. Kodwa ke ubutyebi behlabathi umdla wabaphangi. abamelwane ungakhululekanga ye nokuxubana - ephila Avars, Khazars, Pechenegs kunye Polovtsy - rhoqo ayihlasela elalini. izinyanya bethu ukuhlanganisa nxamnye nabo basebenze kunye ukubetha nabaqhekezi. Ibibafundisa emkhosini, ukulungela rhoqo ukuba ingozi ukutshintsha rhoqo zokuhlala unyamezelo. Kodwa kwabona baba nevoinstvennymi, nobubele, ukuba bahloniphe amalungelo abanye abantu, akazange amakhoboka.

endaweni yesiphelo

Phambi Prince Vladimir wabhaptiza Rus, i nokuxubana baba abahedeni. Ke balinqula amandla endalo, wakha iitempile kunye nezithixo wadala, wabingelela ngazo (hayi human). Ku ingakumbi ukunqulwa wookhokho, kuquka oswelekileyo. UbuKristu eye wavumela urhulumente Old Russian ukusondela ngakumbi eYurophu, kodwa kwangaxeshanye weba lukhulu. izinto eziphathekayo, izinto zokomoya nezenkcubeko zatshatyalaliswa, ukulahlekelwa yini umi phakathi kwezinye izizwe Slavic. Kwakukho uhlobo ngokuncedisana, leyo, nangona iziqalelo waba inkcubeko enye, wasekwa phantsi kwempembelelo Byzantium. Kodwa ke, njengoko bathi, lelinye ibali ...