Nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi - its ... Yintoni nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kwezemidlalo?

Kwezemidlalo abaninzi namhlanje isetyenziswa kweziyobisi: emdlalweni, cross-lizwe Ukuskiya na ityala point. Iimbaleki ezininzi zabandezwa iimbasa kunye namagama nemizimba yabo xa ufunyaniswe kwamagciwane ukunceda ukufumana ezingcono iziphumo kolu khuphiswano. Ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngolu khuphiswano, kwaye uya kuba imibuzo emininzi, yaye amathandabuzo zenzululwazi. Enyanisweni, kubalulekile ukuqonda oko kusetyenziswa ichiza apho kwaye oko kukhokelela.

mbono zesayensi

Nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi - a zendalo, zokwenziwa, kunye iziyobisi ukuphucula intsebenzo womdlali. Kwakhona lo gama libhekisela arhente ukuba ukukhuthaza iiprotini kuyondelelaniswe emva ukungakhuseleki ubunzima yesihlunu yomkhosi lwangaphandle. Kufuneka ngoko nangoko kuthiwe ngethuba lokhuphiswano iimbaleki abavumelekanga ukuba bathathe amayeza athile.

ukusebenzisa lokuqala

Imbali yezi mveliso imihla ukususela malunga ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX. Nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kwezemidlalo baqala ukusebenzisa abakhweli American kunye nabaqeqeshi amahashe kwesikhumba elawulwa kwi izilwanyana izinto eziyimfuneko.

kuye kwavela ulwazi yokuqala malunga nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi yokusebenza-ukwandisa ukususela 1903. Ukususela ngelo xesha loo nkampani yaqala ngomzabalazo wayo uhlanga nxamnye ukusebenzisa naziphi na izinto abancedisayo. Kubonakala ukuba ukususela Apha, ebumba uvavanyo iziyobisi. Kuphela okokuqala wayengekho esebenzayo kunjalo, yintoni na ezikhoyo namhlanje.

Iintlobo kunye namaqela kwezithako kweziyobisi

Ngokuqhelekileyo, izinto ezithile kunamandla ifuthe lazo emzimbeni womntu. Amanye amachiza ezi ntlungu, ngoxa abanye ukwandisa nokuma mbaleki, ukwandisa amandla, unyamezelo. Ukongeza, nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi - yinto ivuselela kuphela samakhono abantu ngethuba lokhuphiswano, kodwa umncedisi kuqeqesho. Ngokwesiseko le miqondiso nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kwezemidlalo sibe yahlulwe kumaqela athile.

Yavalwa ukusetyenziswa zombini ngexesha iinkuphiswano kwaye ngexesha noqeqesho ntlobo zilandelayo kweziyobisi:

• steroid. Xa abantu, ezi izinto zibizwa ngokuba steroid. Olu hlobo ukhandwa kweziyobisi oyindoda hormone testosterone. Mhlawumbi, abantu abaninzi bayazi ukuba testosterone kwezemidlalo kubaluleke kakhulu ekufumaneni iziphumo ezinqwenelekayo. steroid kunceda ekwandiseni ukubhitya mass kwezihlunu, iiproteins nokwenziwa kunye nophuhliso umzimba eyindoda. Kodwa ngemvelo yazo kwamadlala uzenza ngayo. La machiza kufuneka emzimbeni womntu, ndibaphatha isiphumo androgenic.

• iihomoni Peptide (okanye, njengoko ibizwa peptides), imiba yokukhula. hormone, insulin erythropoietin abavumelekanga ukuba zisetyenziswe kwiimbaleki izinto, ekubeni zinceda ukufumana ukwanda ekukhuleni kwezihlunu nokunciphisa maleko ezityebileyo (growth hormone), yaye zikwandisa ukuveliswa iiseli ezibomvu (erythropoietin).
• izinto umchamo. Igama lwenzululwazi ezi mali - womchamo. Kukho izizathu ezithathu eziphambili apho ezisetyenziswa kwezemidlalo womchamo. Okokuqala, oko ukuhla ngokukhawuleza ubunzima bomzimba. Okwesibini, yenza umzimba umhle mdlali imbonakalo dystrophy. Okwesithathu, womchamo pomogyut zigutyula ezinye izinto zoncediso ngaloo yokufihla ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezivaliweyo.
• Beta-agonists-2. Bona ukwandisa isixa izihlunu, negalelo sisindiswe, ukuthintela ukuphulukana mass izihlunu kunye nobudala.

Iziyobisi kuyathintelwa kuphela ngexesha kukhuphiswano oluthe ngqo:

• analgesics ezidakumbisayo (umz, methadone, morphine, fentanyl). Igama ngokwayo icebisa ukuba ezi izinto zisetyenziswa ukunciphisa uvakalelo iintlungu.
• Mziba. Kwindawo yokuqala eli qela lamachiza kusebenza kwinkqubo luvo. Kufuneka ngoko nangoko makuqatshelwe eyona nto ibalulekile: evuselela ezininzi ziyinxalenye bokuphefumla amachiza-wentsholongwane egazini. Ngokusekelwe kule, womdlali phambi ukuyisebenzisa, kubonakala elula amayeza ebandayo kufuneka ufunde nokwakheka. Ukuba ichiza ayibandakanyi izinto ezingavumelekanga, ungasebenzisa ngexesha unyango.
• Glyukokortikosteriody. Iimbaleki sebenzisa ukuba bazive kwakhula amandla kunye nokunciphisa iintlungu.

Le ukulwa kudla kweziyobisi

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, njengangoku i kumzabalazo esebenzayo ukulwa ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezahlukeneyo ukunceda ukwandisa amathuba ezemidlalo. Nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi - ibe yingozi ukuba ashiye lo mdlalo ixesha elifutshane, ukuba ngonaphakade. Ngapha koko, phantse zonke iingcali ukhuphiswano khangela iimbaleki ubukho egazini kwezinto ezivaliweyo. Abaphumeleleyo njalo lukhangelwe, kwaye abanye - ukukhetha kuzo.

Ukuba Mbaleki iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni afunyanwa, ngoko kukho umntu ongafanelekanga ukuba kukho ixesha elithile. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala - iminyaka emi-2, xa kwakhona Ingqikelelo impazamo - ukususela kwiminyaka 4 bonke.

ezemidlalo sivile malunga kumanyundululu, ityala apho ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezivaliweyo. Kunyaka ophelileyo, ngaphezu kwakanye yalikhanyisa Biathlon kubo. abadlali kweziyobisi wasebenzisa iqela lesizwe Russian, kuba ngawo bangenakucikideka.

nempembelelo embi kubume imbaleki

Nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi - its ukunceda kuphela ekwandiseni yokusebenza lweembaleki nempumelelo, kwakunye data oluntu, kodwa kwakhona unobangela weengxaki ezininzi. Ukusetyenziswa kwezithako kwiimeko ezininzi akuthethi kudlula ngokupheleleyo. kuphazamiseka emzimbeni womntu kukhokelela emibi, kunye nokuhlawula ukuba imbaleki ukuphumeza impilo yabo. Ngokomzekelo singakwazi ukuthatha erythropoietin, okhankanywe ngaphambilana. Xa ukwakheka eliphezulu iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, igazi unokuba elingqingqwa, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba ukuyilwa egazi nasezimpahleni ngemithambo. Kulo mzekelo, Asinakuyenza ngaphandle ingxaki (kwakhona asingekhe silibale ngayo ukufa).

isiphelo

Ekuphetheni ingxoxo malunga nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi izinto, kuyimfuneko kukuthi amagama ambalwa malunga nento yokuba kwiminyaka yakutshanje kuye kukho umkhwa ukwehlisa intsebenziso yabo kunye indlela okunempilo ukuze umbulelo mdlalo kweziyobisi ulawulo, inkqubo yothintelo anti-kweziyobisi ezahlukeneyo. Abantu abaninzi bathi nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kwezemidlalo, "No". Ngokomzekelo, Biathlon okhankanywe ngasentla. Nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi mdlalo, ngokutsho umongameli we-Russian Biathlon Union, ziya kuphinda kusetyenziswa.