Njengoko yomhlalaphantsi kwakheka

Malunga neengxaki ezininzi kakhulu ebalulekileyo yile ilandelayo: indlela ekwenzeka ngayo ngayo ipension? Ziziphi iintlobo ngayo khona, oko kuquka ntoni? Ziziphi iingenelo kunye nengeloncedo mali engekho phantsi korhulumente kunye yomhlala karhulumente?

ilungelo Yokuziphatha ukuba baphumle kakuhle wonke umntu, oko kuthetha ukuba umsebenzi yenkampani kukubonelela phezu ubomi bam. Kwaye apha sithetha thina ngento inkampani ngokwayo kufuneka zinike abemi - oku kwenziwa ngeendleko-mali yomhlalaphantsi, apho nemirhumo yogunyaziso. Ngomhla kummandla Russia ezibiza, ukubunjwa kunye nokuhlawulwa pension ngokungqinelana noMthetho Federal "kumhlalaphantsi yabasebenzi kwi-Russian Federation." Ukuhlaziya indlela ekwenzeka ngayo imali ye pension, kufuneka kuthiwe ukuba inganyanzelisi kuphela. Oko kuxhaswa ngokuzithandela, oko kukuthi, ukuba usebenzise imali ifakwe kwingxowa-mali yomhlalaphantsi yabucala. Ngelo pension mandatory kukho iintlobo ezininzi, ezizezi: yomhlala pension nokukhubazeka, ubudala, xa ulahlekelwe. Ubume umhlalaphantsi pension siquka ezintathu: isiseko, inkxaso kunye ne-inshorensi.

Inxalenye osisiseko pension yabasebenzi

Imibutho wenza ezihlawulwa mali ka irhafu zentlalo kubasebenzi. Malunga nesiqingatha kwezi ndlela idluliselwa kwingxowa-mali yomhlalaphantsi. Ezi transfers ezingabhaliswanga, bona abakhonzi njengenxalenye iminikelo ezixhaswa ngemali, ngoko imali basebenzisa mali yokuhlawula ipension ukuba umhlalaphansi yangoku. Ezi ntlawulo ke inxalenye ezisisiseko zomsebenzi pension nefakiweyo ngokungqinelana nenqanaba bafumane imivuzo abanokuphila mali, kwakunye isantya sokukhula kwamaxabiso. Inxalenye lesiseko akuchaphazeleki ubungakanani yemivuzo kunye ukuxatyiswa, ukuba angahlawula basemzini okanye abantu abangenambuso abahlala ngokusisigxina kwintsimi Russian.

Njani na pension: indawo inshorensi

Mu kuya kwa nshita kwisiseko, inxalenye inshorensi ye pension sinxulumene umntu othile, ubukhulu balo umiselwa umlinganiselo iminikelo ezifunyenweyo isixa umhla ekulindeleke bentlawulo. Umqeshi wenza igalelo iminikelo pension kwi kumyinge ka-8-14% yemali irhafu yomqeshwa ngamnye, kwaye nemali yerhafu ibandakanya na inqanaba na kuphela, kodwa ke ezinye imali ichithwe ngoku lo msebenzi.

yomhlalaphantsi ezixhaswa

Iyafana ekubaleni i inxalenye inshorensi, nangona kunjalo, imali aqokelelwe ukhankanyiwe endaweni eyinkunzi pension le. Ngokuba umntu ngamnye, ezi mali ziyachazwa inxalenye ekhethekileyo ye-akhawunti. Iimpawu ezinika inxalenye ezixhaswa ingabizwa yintoni obekwe kwi bezixhobo zotyalo ezahlukeneyo. Kokuba idluliselwa zonke iintlobo imali zolawulo, kwakunye utyalo ngokhuselo. Wonke ummi ukusebenza ithuba lokuba self-ukulawula inxalenye ngemali, ungakwazi ukuphuma ukusebenza nge-mali ethile, kwakunye ukudlulisela ulawulo kwenye inkampani okanye ingxowa-mali.

Ziziphi iingenelo? Yonke into icacile, ingxowa-mali yomhlalaphantsi karhulumente - ukuba umatshini enkulu, ngoko ke kufuneka ixesha ukwenza izigqibo yokwabiwa kweemali, kwaye izisombululo ngokwabo ngokuqhelekileyo zithathwe ngendlela alunakuqinisekiswa, kodwa kakhulu izixhobo ephantsi-mali. imali Non-karhulumente kwakhona kwahluka kweso ngokukhawuleza izigqibo kunokwenzeka athatha ngokunikela iintlobo ngeentlobo qhinga kunye iiphothifoliyo zazo ukuze utyalo-mali. NPF waqala nje imisebenzi yayo. Le sikhokelo yowiso kule meko ngokwaneleyo, kwaye imali besebancinane kakhulu, kodwa kwixesha elizayo baya kuba sisiseko oyongele umhlala-phantsi.

Ngoko ke, ngoku kucaca indlela ekwenzeka ngayo ipension.