Njengoko kuboniswe yi athwala kwiimvavanyo kwegazi: ukusebenza, ukucazulula kunye nezinga

Athwala yenye yeempawu ezibalulekileyo kwiimvavanyo kwegazi. It ikuvumela ukuba ukuqaphela ubukho izifo ezininzi emzimbeni. Njengoko kuboniswe yi athwala kuhlalutyo, wonke umntu kufuneka azi, kuya kulawula impilo yabo. Kutheni kubalulekile kule seli igazi, yintoni indima yaso kubomi ngamnye kuthi?

Yintoni athwala

Athwala inamacandelo amabini ezinkulu - protein (globin) kunye non-protein, ezibandakanya yentsimbi. Emzimbeni womntu onke athwala abomvu igazi, ngaphaya mida oko anayenza. Globin, ukwakha iikhompawundi ezintsonkothileyo yentsimbi ujikeleze lonke, onoxanduva sonke isixokelelwano sokuphefumla. It ihambisa mpilo emiphungeni ukuya ancedisana umva athuthe carbon dioxide. Athwala lilawula eseleyo asidi-kwisiseko egazi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo haemoglobin igcwala eziqhelekileyo ngexesha uphefumla oxygen entrained emva ukuziqhelanisa lithe laqhenqetha kuzo zonke izihlunu. Ngaphezu koko athwala khona yonke le carbon dioxide iiseli ize ithunyelwe endawo zinomgutyulo. Njengoko kuboniswe yi athwala kuhlalutyo? Latin HB or HGB - uyazi phantse yonke into, ngokuba lwesi sakhi kuxhomekeke kakhulu ebomini bethu. inkqubo yezothutho ioksijini eqhubekayo, i-plasma yi-2% kuphela, intsalela uthwala haemoglobin igazi.

Mpilo. Njengoko kubonisiwe uhlalutyo. yinto yamihla le

Xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abadala, imida haemoglobin ebantwaneni phantsi kakhulu. Ukuba ungakhathazeki, ukuba ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama emihlanu, eli nani liya kuba iiyunithi 110, loo nto ithathwa eqhelekileyo. Emva kweminyaka emine nangaphezulu kufuneka ukwandisa eli nani ngamacandelo-5. Ukwazi ukuba hlalutyo lululo kuboniswe ngayo haemoglobin yomntwana (HB), emva kokuhlalutya iziphumo amantombazana namakhwenkwe, sinako ukuzoba ezinye izigqibo. kweminyaka 12 ixabiso haemoglobin ayahlukanga ngokwesini. Emva lokufikisa, phakathi kwendoda nomfazi kukho umahluko nge-10% kwi yokufundwa mpilo. Emva kokuba izandla zakho phezu umphumo ube sele sinengcamango njengoko kubonisiwe athwala kuvavanyo kwegazi. Ummiselo kuhlalutyo iya kuba yile ilandelayo: ngokuba amadoda - 130-160 g / l, amanani olibhinqa - 120-150 g / l. Gcina i iliso kwi amanani kunye ubudala, abazi kuyo nayiphi na imeko ndingehli ndiye. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba amazinga abe abanala makhwiniba, kufuneka udibane nogqirha kwaye uthathe amanyathelo kwinqanaba haemoglobin ukumlungisa egazini.

Iron (Fe)

Siye kakuhle, yintoni luchazwa yi zePCR oonobumba athwala - Latin HB. Ngoku makhe sihlolisise oko kwenzeka xa umzimba intsimbi. iinkqubo umzimba ebandakanya Fe gqolo kwenzeka emzimbeni. Ngokwesiqhelo, le nto kufuneka abe khona xa isixa-mali ka-3-4 g Ngelo xesha umzimba isoloko-20% yesibambiso xa kukho imfuneko yayo eninzi, leyo zenzeka kwiimeko ezithile. Blood plasma budluliselwe yonke imihla ukusuka mg-30 ukuya ku-36 yentsimbi. Uninzi ezisiwe umongo wethambo ebomvu. Le iiseli apho aqolileyo igazi elibomvu, equka kumalungu alo element yentsimbi. Kwabasetyhini, imfuneko imihla 18 mg Fe, ngoxa abantu nje - 10. abafazi abakhulelweyo, oncancisayo kufuneka ukubamba yonke imihla ukuya kuma-30 mg. Izinga mpilo kuya kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba umzimba wakho kufuneka ukuba imithombo eyongezelelweyo yentsimbi.

yehle athwala

Iimpawu athwala reduced kuhlalutyo kubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuswela yentsimbi emzimbeni. Fe ubuza level kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kukho ukuncipha mpilo. Ziziphi izizathu nga negalelo koku?

• ukutya kwezakha ezingonelanga ngami.
• ukufakwa eyiyo yesinyithi umzimba yaphulwe.
• umzimba ukopha elikhulu.

Amaxesha amaninzi, ukunqongophala yentsimbi va abo abakhetha abatya nokutya oku. Ngenxa yokuba ukutya izityalo ayikho zizityebi izinto zentsimbi. Isibonelelo ukuze ngumthwalo, yaye kwezo meko apho umzimba ebona ukungabikho vitamin B12, leyo eziqulathwe becala neemveliso zezilwanyana. non-heme intsimbi plant olubalaseleyo. Kwaye ifunxwe kungena 6-10%, xa kuthelekiswa ne-heme, nto leyo ifumaneka iimveliso zezilwanyana. Le yokugqibela ifunxwe yi-25%. deficiency intsimbi Alimentary kuxhaphakile kakhulu izigulane anorexia nervosa. Unga lula ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba unesifo kwegazi, ukuba uyazi njani elijongene haemoglobin kwiimvavanyo kwegazi. Ukuba esezantsi kakhulu, uthabathe amanyathelo ukunyusa Fe emzimbeni.

Iimpawu mpilo eliphantsi

Impilo ukuhla haemoglobin enokuchatshazelwa kakhulu. Omnye uziva ukudinwa, buthathaka. Xa umzimba yokuphila ayenziwanga nangoko kubonwa, kodwa abo benza yezandla, va nje ngokuba wena. Iimpawu ze kwegazi:

• imifinya owomileyo yangaphakathi, lisuke labuna ulusu.
• Umphezulu kolwimi kunye ukuswela B12 kabuhlungu, hyperemic, egudileyo.
• iinwele zaqina kunye nezikhonkwane.
• Xa iimbombo zingaphumeleli emlonyeni.

Easy ukuba ukukhumbula njengoko kubonisiwe athwala kwi kuhlalutyo - HB. Bukela ngawo umzimba lwemithetho. Track irekhodi ekhaya, kuquka nabo babathandayo, musa ukuvumela ukuvela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwegazi, kuquka kakhulu. Ezi fom, njengoko umthetho, abe umlinganiswa luvo. Angavela:

• Utshintsho ingqiqo ivumba.
• Ukugqwethwa onombilini.
• Intloko.
• Ukudumba luvo optic.
• Paresthesias.

Xa abantwana, kukho kukwaphula yokuziphatha, uphuhliso ingqondo. In endala - ukuncitshiswa iindlela okulungisekayo, amahlwempu igazi ubonelelo kwinyama njengesiphumo - isiyezi kunye waphela.

Nyusa izinga mpilo

Ngoku ukuba iqondwe njengoko kubonisiwe kwinqanaba mpilo kucazululo egazini, qiniseka ukuba ukuhlalutya iziphumo zakho. Bafumana iimpawu kwegazi? Thabatha amanyathelo ukwandisa mpilo. Kuba nomzimba kubaluleke kakhulu. Ugqirha kufuneka ufumanise ukuba kutheni umzimba wakho yafundwa elisezantsi. Xa izizathu ezifana ilahleko igazi enkulu okanye ukutshatyalaliswa inani elikhulu iiseli ezibomvu, oko kuyimfuneko ukuphelisa ezi mpawu. Prescribers equlathe yentsimbi. Ukuba amanani azikho nomntu, kunokwenzeka ukuba benze ukutya okulungileyo. Quka ukudla kwakho ekutyeni ezinceda ukwandisa ihemoglobin, ngenxa isiqulatho ensimbi, kwakunye iivithamini B, C, PP. Musa ukulibala ukuba yentsimbi, njengokuba wathi ngasentla, yahlulelwe kwii heme (nokufunxwa 25%) kunye non-heme - 6%. Qaphela ukuba intsimbi unyango thermal into oxidized. Xa esela ikofu neti, uyazi ukuba isantya kukufakwa Fe, kungcono ukuba zingabandakanywa okwethutyana evela ukutya kwabo. Kubhetele ukuba ukusela ikoko, incindi. Zeziphi iimveliso ezilungele kwizidlo:

• Sohlobo.
• Njengenkunkuma.
• inyama ebomvu.
• Isibindi.
• Amazambane.
• cheese Nzima.
• isaladi Green.
• isonka Black.
• Egg sac.

Linyuke mpilo

Nge kwalo eliphantsi, siye saqonda. Noko bathi amanani ayikhulise eqhelekileyo? Esi, ngokunjalo, kufuneka yaziswe kwaye kunokubangela unyango kwagqirha ukuze iimviwo inkcazelo nokudlula. Ulwando kwalo inokuba sikombisa kwekhono lomzimba zilandelayo:

• Hemoglobinemia. A imeko apho iiseli ezibomvu utshabalale kwi plasma yegazi.
• ileus.
• Polycythemia.
• Uchatha vitamin B9, okanye B12.
• ngamathumba ngumhlaza.
• insufficiency miphungeni.
• amanqanaba iswekile yegazi ephakamileyo.

athwala ephakamileyo akuyilugelanga impilo. Sihlelwa kuko izokhula igazi, viscosity ophezulu ayikho kakuhle ukujikelezisa ukuhamba kwegazi, kungoko - oxygen yindlala. Ngenxa yoko, ukuyilwa amahlwili egazi, isifo sentliziyo, isifo sentliziyo nestroke. Kule meko kungcono ngaphandle kudliwe otya ngayo ukuba izinto eziphakamileyo yentsimbi. Musa ungayibaxi du, ukutya okunamafutha, kuphelisa iivithamini B no-C Ugqirha kufuneka amisele iziyobisi obhityileyo igazi.

Xa athwala esinyusiweyo - nanjengokwesimo

Ngoko ke, uyabona iziphumo, esazi njengoko kubonisiwe athwala kwi uvavanyo lwegazi. Kokuhlaziya ebonisa ukuba athwala ukwanda. Amaninzi oku kwenzeka ngabantu. Ngaba kusoloko kufuneka kube kudala inkxalabo? Kwezinye iimeko, oku kunokuba ngekhomyutha:

• Xa climbers eqolo amanani (ukuya kwi 170 g / L) zinxulunyaniswa nemisebenzi yabo yobungcali.
• Abemi ezintabeni kusoloko ireyithi ephezulu njengoko igazi labo ngokuqhelekileyo befumile mpilo.
• Xa iimbaleki ngexesha uqeqesho kwandisa ihemoglobin, njengokuba igazi ufuna unikezelo ioksijini ezongezelelweyo kuyo kwimali ayinqwenelayo esihlunwini.
• Xa hambe egazini yehlathi nga ioksijini oversaturated, ngokulandelelana, nokwandisa mpilo.

Hlala - isixa haemoglobin kwiseli ebomvu igazi

Ngamanye amaxesha ngohlobo analyses zingafunyanwa isibonisi MCH, libonisa isixa haemoglobin, kodwa ngoku iiseli ezibomvu. Iyunithi yokulinganisa echazwe kwi picograms SIT. Izinga Adult eqhelekileyo 27-33 m, ngokuba abantwana ukuya kwiminyaka 16 izinga 28-32 m. Njengoko kuboniswe kulo mzobo? Isakhono mpilo ukuba kuwanelisa iiseli ezibomvu. Esi salathisi ivumela ugqirha ukuba isifo yechaneke ngaphezulu. SIT yokusebenza Ukwanda ibonisa ubukho kwegazi, iinkqubo samathambo, ukuqina. Amaxabiso Phantsi - nomqondiso ezimbi ezingapheliyo.