Nature Reserves and National Parks: Indawo yokuGcina izilwanyana Sayano-Shushenskaya

Zonke iindawo zolondolozo lwendalo kunye iipaki zesizwe Zidume iikona ezimangalisayo zingabanjwanga, indalo ye kunye nenkangeleko bubuhle bendalo. In the Sayano-Shushenskoye, ngokufanayo mwonyo, iimbono mihle obanzi. Ligutyungelwe yinkungu ihlathi elikhulu ingafikeleleki kunye emaweni yade kunye eziphelweni Yenisei, phezu kwamanzi apho apha kwaye akukho mntu unokububona iziqithi lobuhlobo. Sayan, Yenisei sekwenziwe Local, ngamandla sifunda imifula Norwegian.

Indawo Sayano-Shushenskoye Reserve

Kwingingqi Krasnoyarsk, kunxweme olusentshona ye Yenisei River, embindini kummandla ingafikeleleki kunye nasentshonalanga ivaleke elulwalwa, ungqengqe Sayano-Shushenskaya Biosphere Reserve. Ifihle intsimi Sayansky ndandize kunye iintaba, kwaye kananjalo inxalenye uluhlu intaba, uMbumbi Khemchiksky Kantegirskim emikhulu.

indawo yolondolozo ezikufutshane Shushenskaya, District Yermakovsky kunye Republic of yaseTuva. Ukususela kwilali Shushenskoye kuyo - leekhilomitha 300. Reserve ucwangciswe ngokusekelwe ichibi eyenziwe ngumntu - i Sayano-Shushenskoye ndawo.

umsebenzi walo kukubeka esweni ifuthe olu lingelo jikelele yendalo, smoothing umonakalo ukusuka upwelling kwi ichibi lokwenziwa, ukulondolozwa eziphila ezizodwa kunye okufana zendalo kangangamawaka eminyaka ukukhula Sayan Koloni.

Beauty yemvelo

Reserve Sayano-Shushenskaya - edge phantse ezingaphuhliswanga iinkqubo zendalo. Ichaphazela ubuntombi ingonakaliswanga nohlobo ezinobuhle. I-landscape apha ezahlukeneyo. ngcembe Dark coniferous hlathi indawo babeziindleko gornostepnymi. iindawo namaplanga uphethe phantse-60% yendawo epakini. Le ndawo ezishiyekileyo Sililitye placers, loaches kunye lutyhido enamatye.

I-mphandle esilawulwa kwinkangeleko entabeni isici. Kwi kwesibhakabhaka omkhulu imisinga 390.000 leendima, ungqengqe intaba ezukileyo chain of the Sayan Koloni. It abunjwe Hemchinskim, Sayan, Kantegirskim, Idzhirskim kunye nezinye nakummango bawela rocks abadala.

inkqubo Amanzi, nto leyo iba egciniweyo Sayano-Shushenskaya, kwasekwa imilambo intaba akulinikwanga, glacial ichibi gquma-amadama, indawo amanzi Sayano-Shushenskoye ichibi nezimbiwa nemithombo. Ichibi kunye iindawo ezikhoyo kagesi eziliqela batwabulule phezu kwicala elingasempumalanga kwindawo ekhuselweyo. Kule ndawo ye ydyk umlambo Tyk-Khem, apho iye iingcambu zawo, amanzi emhlabeni, dutywa kunye nokuhlamba kude hayi kakhulu amatye nzima, kwasekwa enkulu karst neentanda, yimingxuma kwaye neentlambo.

Flora

yolondolozo indawo Sayano-Shushenskaya, kwakunye zolondolozo ezininzi uhlobo kunye iipaki zesizwe, imi kwisiphambuka kwimimandla floristic. Kuba flora yayo uphawu uhlobo exutyiweyo. Ngasentla, alawula utyani kummandla zeAltai-Sayan, nakwelasezantsi - Central Asia. zone ezahlukeneyo anamathele kwi Sayan Ridge.

Amafa ezikhulayo izityalo evela oluBomvu Book, izityalo relict. Apha izikhanyiso kangaka zikho njengoko bluegrass kunye bluegrass zeAltai Krylov. iimeko ezifanele ekukhuleni emvula Borodin kunye anemone Yenisei kunye zamanzi. umhlaba Reserve wayifulela lumbago Bunge kunye Silene avuza.

Akuyifumana imifuno zexabiso amayeza. njengamaxhama zaseSiberia kwaye ingcambu yegolide, ezibe nganeno ngaseludinini lokutshabalala phambi reserve wadalwa Sayano-Shushenskaya, kwaye ngoku akukho isisongelo. izityalo Relict imelwe apha rhododendron Dahurian kunye core touchy. Kwafumaniseka nakwiimbombo indawo yolondolozo ofanele ukuba sikhule woodruff fescue elimnandi kunye East Far.

kulona

Sayano-Shushenskaya Biosphere Reserve yayiqinisa emahlathini amnyama coniferous yohlobo hlathi. Apha kulawula imisedare, nespruce kunye zemisipres. Umthwalo ephambili ikhutshwa ehlathini sredoformiruyuschuyu - abanini kwezibonelelo ezityebileyo eziyimfuneko ukuze ubomi besilwanyana. Uninzi iintlobo zezilwanyana, akukho ukunqongophala kokutya, ukudala iindawo ezinkulu nengxinano yabemi okuphakamileyo ngokwaneleyo.

Zamisa zeAltai, Sayan kunye izilwanyana Mongolian usinike ubutyebi zasendle kule ndawo zolondolozo. reserve esisodwa Sayano-Shushenskaya waye ehlala iintlobo-50 ezincancisayo neentlobo 660 of izinambuzane. imeko yakhe yafikelela iintlobo 15 zeentlanzi neentlobo 4 ezirhubuluzayo. Nest apha neenkukhu. Yokuba iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200.

Protection kwezilwanyana

Reserve - uhlobo reserve, apho ezama ukwandisa labemi ezanyisayo ezincinane besive iintlobo ezibalulekileyo kuzingela. kwiindawo ezixineneyo Sable, ngoboya kunye wolverine zisencinci. Bagawula ugcwale oonomatse kunye lynx, capercaillie, kunye amangile.

I-Reserve yingqokelela eyodwa izilwanyana ezinqabileyo kunye ezisengozini kusinda, ubanjwe Red kwiNcwadi wephepha. Apha imihlambi ehlathini adle webhunga abantu zeAltai-Sayan, kunye kwemazi zaseAsiya. Ezintabeni, enyathelela phantsi ukweqa amarhamncwa inokusityeda - nehlosi ikhephu.

izilwanyana ezinkulu Sayano-Shushenskoye Reserve thaca yi iingcuka, neebhere kunye irbis. Kukho uluvo lokuba likhaya kubantu abathile dhole. Of izilwanyana uphuphu-ayabulala zifumaneka nezamaxhamakazi, nebhadi, nelinqa, nelinqa must kunye neebhokhwe zasezintabeni, amaxhama kunye nabanye. Likhona phezu basike Apolo zesiqhelo. Zizityebi ezahlukeneyo izityalo ukuhlakanipha iinyosi abachweli.

Birds Biosphere Reserve

Zezulu, ezidadayo, zikhangela amaxhoba, iinkozi eziliqela kunye njengeyona nesangxa, ookhetshe saker kunye ospreys. Amahobe njengonocofu indlwane kwimigxobhozo abangevayo kunye namahlathi entabeni ende. Demoiselle lahlala phezu iinxalenye emathafeni owomileyo. Ukutyhubela wenxuwa, ezingxingweni, xa imiwonyo ezintabeni enamatye naphakathi emahlathini izikhova yenza amakhaya abo.

iindlwane Black-headed nesihuluhulu, ama ezinkulu, saa kwiziqithi zokupaka Sayano-Shushenskoye ndawo. Le migxobhozo zifumaneka weentaka ezincinane. kwakubhabha iintaka zakha iindlwane zazo, abandwendweli of tussocks moss kunye sedge okanye kwiziqithi owomileyo kude nonxweme.