Medicine yangaphakathi

Igama elithi "Izifo yangaphakathi" libhekisela izifo izibilini. Ezi ziquka ukonakala zezintso, yonyango kunye nezigulo metabolic. Oku kuquka kweekota nayiphi na isifo inkqubo yokuphefumla nenkqubo yokucola ukutya. Umzekelo, izilonda esiswini, gastritis kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo asidi, iphika, inyumoniya, njalo njalo. N. Kwakhona ziquka izifo inkqubo kwizicwili, olujikeleza achaphazelekayo. unyango owawubhekisela gqirha.

Eyaziwayo medicine langaphakathi kwiindlela zakudala uphando ngqo (oku kukuthi uphando isigulane, zezihlokomiso, Ngokucofa, auscultation, ukuhlolwa) zomculo ezintsonkothileyo, iindlela kwemichiza zokuxilonga kunye nekhompyutha (endoscopy monitor esweni, uxilongo radionuclide, ultrasound). Ukongezelela, "internal medicine" eli gama libhekisela igama ingqeqesho lifunda isizathu sokuba kubekho nendlela ukuphuhlisa iintlobo zezifo.

Kwakhona uqala iindlela ngenxa ozibonayo, uthintelo kunye nonyango (ngaphandle utyando kunye radiation). De kwaba yinkulungwane ye-19, imbali olu qeqesho yaba, kunye imbali yezonyango ngokubanzi. izahlulelo Yahlula ngaphambi kweli xesha kuphela O kunye notyando. izifo lwangaphakathi nto yahlulwe yengqondo, abafazi, nabantwana, kunye nabanye. Noko ke, ukuqala ukuvela kwizikolo ezahlukeneyo wabekwa 'uyise amayeza "noHippocrates, ezona yamandulo ugqirha yamaRoma Galen, njengomntwana onengqondo abadumileyo Ibn-Sina East kunye nezinye namagqirha olukhulu elidlulileyo.

"Medicine Internal" njengesifundo yenzululwazi wafumana imfuno yophuhliso, kunye ezifunyaniswe ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 kule ndawo yamayeza. Ngoko ke, ngeli xesha, pathologists baye bafumanisa ukuba izifo ezithile kunye notshintsho ezithile iimpawu morphological kwi ngamaziko afanelekileyo. Baba impumelelo kunye Physiology kwizifo. Wafundela imithetho ezikhokelela kwiinkqubo kwizifo amanzi ayo. Ukuphuhlisa iindlela ezintsha ngexesha lesifundo nomonde (auscultation, zezihlokomiso, njalo njalo). Ngeebhakther wavula kwamagciwane ngaphambili ayaziwa.

ERashiya, iziseko ingqeqesho wabeka AA OSTROUMOV, M. Ya. Mudrov, GA Zakhar'in, S. P. Botkin. uphuhliso wayo ozakube usaqhutywa senzeka, sisakhela phezu kwalo impumelelo Sciences ezifana chemistry, physics kanye eziphilayo. I ulwazi efunde ngakumbi yohlobo sifo, malunga nendlela kubaqonda, kwaye ngoko ke unyango, kokukhona kuya kuba negalelo iyantlukwano amayeza onyango. Kamva, kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-19 - kwinkulungwane yama-20, yeenkqubo zengqondo, wezifo, zengqondo, Dermatology wema kumacandelo zawo ezohlukeneyo. Okwangoku, medicine lwangaphakathi, okwabizwa ngokuba amayeza lwangaphakathi, amayeza lwangaphakathi, amayeza lwangaphakathi, sihlale esinye sezifundo ezinkulu kwezonyango yaye wafundisa kwizikolo zonyango. Ukongeza kula macandelo zidityaniswe yakhe zentliziyo, zamathambo, kwi-, Move, Pulmonology kunye Haematology.

Le uqeqesho inika isifundo sophando odityanisiweyo noqeqesho nezinyangayo oogqirha. Nezakhono ezifunyenwe ngethuba uqeqesho ingadlala indima enkulu kumsebenzi kagqirha ngokubhekiselele ekukhawuleziseni uphuhliso bezixhobo zonyango. Uhlobo yeyeza lwangaphakathi itshintshe kakhulu ngenxa iintlobo kweziyobisi kunye amathuba unyango amatsha (defibrillation wentliziyo, ukuqaliswa iziyobisi zibe kwemithambo okanye angabi nemingxuma, plasmapheresis). Konke oku kuya kuvumela iingcali ukuba ngenkuthalo nefuthe khosi yesi sifo. Ezi mpawu, yena, kwakhokelela ukuvela iingxaki isigaba yokuziphatha kunye nomthetho. Inxulumana zombini ubudlelwane phakathi umguli kunye nogqirha, kunye nobungakanani apho ungenelelo zonyango kunye diagnostic kuvumelekile.