"Matiloshe Nikitin": isishwankathelo. "Matiloshe Nikitin" - ibali lokwenyaniso AA Bestuzhev-Marly

Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bestuzhev (1797-1837), yazeka elakho Marly, Ngokungathandabuzekiyo zinetalente arhipopulyarnym kanye umbhali, yaye kamva sikweni ulibele. Nkqu nyanya kuye Belinsky ebizwa Marly unobalisa wokuqala Russian kunye 'nobangela "webali lwasekhaya.

Lidla engenabo ukhohliwe

Iyaqondakala kutheni le umbhali khange bafunda kwizikolo eSoviet: ayengathandi Belinsky, ayendityhola umbhali pseudo-romanticism. Ingqalelo umsebenzi kakhulu mqulu, kukho ezininzi i lwesihloko yombhali. Ngoko ke, sinika isishwankathelo esifutshane. "Matiloshe Nikitin" - ibali, elingcwele, oomatiloshe elula Russian North, ubungqina obucacileyo bokuba ngokoqobo umbhali hayi umntu ongamaziyo.

In imisebenzi engcono enxulumene nexesha oqolileyo uyilo, AA Bestuzhev ufikelela kwiincopho asilolokwenyani, nakuba uzibiza ihlwempu, azinakufaniswa umfanekiso wakhe oqingqiweyo Viktorom Gyugo. Umbhali yenoveli "matiloshe Nikitin", isishwankathelo yayo luboniswe isivakalisi esinye - ibali malunga nomlinganiswa Russian, hayi kwaphela kunye yokuthandwa amangalisayo. Ibonisa kuphela kwityala lakhe.

abantu Happy-ngokwaneleyo

Ababephila bathi A. A. Bestuzheva kwezinye yezo zinethamsanqa abaye baphila ngokuvisisana nokucela nehlabathi. Yena wenza into ayithandayo (apho waphumelela yakhiwe), kodwa hayi ukuthenga ngokwakhe umntu wamanga temechko bozhenka. Oko brilliant, abafundileyo kakuhle, uhlakaniphile kunye isigqebelo, onethemba lithemba Bestuzhev-Marly. "Matiloshe Nikitin" - bali lokwenyaniso, eyapapashwa okokuqala kwi "Library for Ukufunda" ngo-1834. Abaphulaphuli nalamkela ngodlamko, kuba wayenethemba phambili umsebenzi ngamnye omtsha ngulo mbhali. Ibali kuphela zafundwa emingxunyeni, uphindo zifundwa ngentloko. Kwaye kucacile ngokupheleleyo, ngenxa yokuba, emva kokufunda ngexesha lethu kulo mzobo ubomi oomatiloshe, Nabarhwebi North Russian, ukufumanisa umbhali nehlekisayo, zebinzana nangoko ufuna ukubhala. Yena waba ngokoqobo isibini amazwi kunika uluvo lokuba yintoni a hero.

kuchazwe Okumangalisayo indaba amaqhawe

Indlela elungileyo umthetheli mthinjwa umkhombe IsiNgesi, leyo, Zihla ziye elunxwemeni Arkhangelsk izibuko wathumela entolongweni, becula "Yiba nobukhosi Britannia, iilwandle." ichazwe kakuhle kakhulu ummelwane hero UKaterina Petrovna Umbhali Marly. Matiloshe Nikitin wayemthanda naye, kwaye waba "ezithandekayo, zonke Catherine, kwaye mhle, akukho namnye Katherine" kuye. Ngokoqobo zonke ibinzana apho Quip malunga iingubo, indlela, urhulumente Russian yabarhwebi zezithuthi - yonke into. Kwaye konke oku kuchazwa luthando bonke yasekhaya (ekunene ekuqaleni kwebali umbhali ligxininisa ngokuphandle ukungathandi yakhe zonke izinto kwamanye amazwe) kunye kunye uhlobo isigqebelo, kungekhona nokubhuqa enetyhefu.

Ibali ezilungileyo nesiphelo esihle

Silusizi ukuba ngexesha lethu kufundwa ngokupheleleyo uya bakhetha isiqulatho elifutshane. "Matiloshe Nikitin" uphelelwa lukhulu kulo: ebunayo imveliso ubuhle, Imigqaliselo nobugcisa kwaye isigqebelo elimangalisayo yombhali. Zinyamalale ngumbhali.

Nangona kunjalo, lo isishwankathelo ngamafuphi ibali le. Young, ukwaphulwa, ebomvu-Interface zabarhwebi ngumatiloshe wayemthanda "rusokosuyu" ubuhle-ummelwane, uyise wavuma lomtshato kuphela emva kwenye ngempumelelo Izakhiwo Savely Nikitin ukuya Solovki - eninzi imali ukuze uzuze. Emva koko umyeni ezihamba uhambo, kodwa ufumana abadlali bengamabanjwa yaseBritani, owenza umngxuma emazantsi kwindawo inqanawa Savely, ukuthatha pre-mveliso, waza waluphosa oomatiloshe kwi kumgangatho phantsi iinkwenkwezi. Marly emangalisayo sichaza uhlobo North. Isibhakabhaka ebusuku ngentla kumgangatho kunye namabanjwa kwimibongo ezizodwa: yihakinto kunye iinkwenkwezi ngokulambisa ebonakalayo, ngokuqinisekileyo akayi kuba nako ukuchaza isishwankathelo yethu.

"Matiloshe Nikitin" iphela kunye abalimi ezine Russian ezilula wathimba inqanawa yaseBritani iinombolo superior (abantu abali-12 kunye umthetheli nenkwenkwe-boy) oomatiloshe baqeqeshwe kakuhle abo baya walithimba Solovki inqaba. Inqanawa eziku akubo lweenkobe yakhe, wamngenisa kuye kwizibuko Arkhangelsk, apho badibana kunye unkabi wonke umzi. Zonke phezu yamsitho.

Ubutyebi, ahlale ngaphandle ukuvalelwa emfutshane

Esi sisishwankathelo. "Njengomatiloshe Nikitin", njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, ibali. Luzele imizobo emangalisayo, nto leyo kuphela inkcazo matiloshe Ivan! Unako uziqhelanise nalo kancinane, kodwa kungcono ukufunda ngokupheleleyo. Emva isishwankathelo ayibandakanyi ukuthetha oomatiloshe Russian, uyithululele iintshayelelo kunye amazwi okanye uchaze iziganeko zembali ezakhokelela emfazweni phakathi eNgilani naseRussia njengohlobo ngenxa nkqubo uNapoleon kaThixo (ibali ichaza iziganeko ka-1811). Kwelinye icala omnye meko funny enqanaweni, xa abathinjwa baseBritani baba isonka kunye yenkomo corned, yaye Russian - a Umphanda amanzi acocekileyo.

Kukho izinto ezininzi, nto leyo kutheni kufuneka ufunde ibali nje: kodwa uvuyo, yena akazange athathe nawaphi na amanye izivamvo. Ngakumbi ke kuba kuvakala ngoku mihla kakhulu. Ibonisa nakwinyumnyezi engunaphakade kunye underestimation le "ephucukile" eYurophu Russian "elineentshebe". AA Bestuzhev isixelela ukuba bakuthi kwizikhephe evuzayo abagubungela imigama zaselwandle nanto bangaze ilale zobuqhawe bakhe, kwaye ngokubanzi bengazange ayaqwalaselwa. Yaye abasemzini, ngokutsho Marly, uya inyathelo ngalinye wenza iivesi kunye nemibongo. Oku umbhali emangalisayo - ngokuthanda oyinyaniso, ayikho nomsindo ekhaya, upekshuyu entolongweni kunye ekuthinjweni, ngoko eCaucasus, apho ke yabulawa ingxabano ne nkomo. Mhlawumbi wonke umsebenzi wakhe yaye akafuni ukufikelela ubuchule N. V. Gogolya, kodwa yena ulibele ubulungisa ngokupheleleyo.