Le wotshi ichanekileyo ehlabathini - kwenani

Ixesha, nangona ukuba izazinzulu abanakukwazi ngenqindi phantsi ukusombulula intsinda-badala umongo walo oyinyaniso, usenalo iiyunithi yayo, eyasekwa yi uluntu. Kwaye ke isixhobo ukubala, ngokuba nobusuku. Zeziphi iintlobo apho iwotshi ichanekileyo ehlabathini? Oku kuya kuxoxwa ngazo izinto zanamhlanje.

Zeziphi ezi wotshi kakhulu ichanekile ehlabathini?

Bona zithathwa ukuba enyukliya - babe iimpazamo ngamandla amancinane, owawufikelela yesibini kuphela ezigidi zeminyaka. 2, akukho ngaphantsi ababekekileyo, kwamanqwanqwa win iiwotshi zwi. Basimisela ngenyanga ngasemva okanye ngokukhawuleza phambili imizuzwana 10-15 kuphela. Kodwa mechanical hayi iwotshi kakhulu ichanekile ehlabathini. Kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha kwaye uqala ukuba siso, Lemposiso komyalelo ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo.

Le wotshi atomic kakhulu ichanekile ehlabathini

Njengokuba kuthiwe, lezixhobo zenyukliya kumlinganiselo esemgangathweni ixesha kangaka ukuze idatha zolahlekiso kuthelekiswa imilinganiselo sangqa umhlaba kanye ukuba microparticle nganye. Alithandabuzeki elokuba, akuyomfuneko umntu avareji kwisitrato ubukho bemihla iindlela ezifana ngqo kunye. Ezi abaphandi ukusuka inzululwazi ukuba baqhube imifuniselo eyahlukeneyo ukuba zifuna ukubala ekugqibeleni. Bona zinika amathuba abantu ukukhangela "kukuhamba kwexesha" kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba, okanye baqhube imifuniselo ukuba ukuqinisekisa ukuba ingcamango jikelele ka, kwakunye nezinye emzimbeni kunye yeengcinga.

Paris standard

Zeziphi ezi wotshi kakhulu ichanekile ehlabathini? IParis ithathwa sokubandakanyeka Institute of kwexesha. Esi sixhobo - ixesha ebizwa njalo-esezantsi, ngokutsho kwakhe ezixolelaniswe abantu ehlabathini lonke. Hi ndlela leyi, enyanisweni, ngokuba akukho iyafana kwi "iwotshi" ngengqiqo bemveli, yaye sifunda kwezixhobo ngqo izakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo, apho ke kusekelwe kumgaqo quantum, kodwa ingcinga ephambili - ukubalwa isithuba-ixesha esebenzisa oscillation kwamasuntswana kukho amathuba lulahlekiso 1 kuphela yesibini iminyaka 1000.

kakhulu yile

Zeziphi ezi wotshi kakhulu ichanekile ehlabathini namhlanje? In ubunyani lwangoku, izazinzulu ziye owasungula isixhobo oko kukuthi amaxesha 100,000 ngaphezulu echanekileyo ngaphezu umgangatho izindawo. isiphoso sakhe - omnye lwesibini kwiminyaka 3.7 billion ubudala! Kuba umsebenzi ubuchule iqela uxanduva ze zesayensi ezisuka eUnited States. Yeyona uguqulelo lesibini isixhobo ixesha logic quantum zakhelwe ngaphakathi, apho processing ulwazi wenziwe indlela efanayo, umzekelo, iikhompyutha quantum.

uncedo Research

izixhobo Latest quantum nje kuphela ukubeka imigangatho kwezinye nenkalo zezulu ezifana xesha, kodwa kunceda abaphandi kumazwe amaninzi ukusombulula eminye imiba anxulunyaniswa constants emzimbeni, ngathi isantya umqadi ukukhanya kungekho, okanye Planck kaThixo rhoqo. Ngokuchanekileyo isikali ithembisa ukuba izazinzulu, bathemba ukuba ukulandelela phantsi ixesha komlomo enikezwe yi womxhuzulane. Kwaye enye iinkampani zobugcisa eUnited States uceba ukundulula nilinde bade lezibuko quantum ukusetyenziswa ngemihla. Noko ke, indlela ephezulu ixabiso yabo yokuqala?

isimiso ukusebenza

atomic kuthiwa kakuhle quantum, ngokuba zisebenza ngokusekelwe kwiinkqubo kwenzeka kwinqanaba eziphilayo. Ukudala izixhobo ophezulu-ngqo zonke athom zithathwa: luphawulwa ngokuqhelekileyo ngokusetyenziswa calcium ayodini, atom kunye rubidium, yaye omnye molecule hydrogen. Okwangoku, indlela ezininzi ngqo ukubala ittiberiya ixesha-based, benza abaseMelika. Isixhobo Umsebenzi inxaxheba ezimawaka 10 athom, oku kunikeza ukuthembeka obalaseleyo. Ngendlela, ukuba ngamalungu irekhodi-breaking waba iimpazamo ngomzuzwana "kuphela" 100 yezigidi, nto leyo uya kuvuma, njengokuba ixesha elininzi.

Echanekileyo zwi intshukumo ...

Xa ukhetha ikhaya, "iwotshi" ukusetyenziswa yonke imihla, Kakade ke, izixhobo zenyukliya kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo. Ukusuka clock namhlanje wekhaya kakhulu ichanekile ehlabathini - zwi, nayo leyo ibe kwiqela lokulungileyo kuthelekiswa koomatshini kufuna mveliso, ukusebenza ngoncedo ziikristale. Imposiso kokubetha kwi-avareji imizuzwana-15 ngenyanga (mechanical ngokuqhelekileyo ukugcina ukuba isixa sexesha ngosuku). Kwaye imilindo kakhulu ngqo ehlabathini lonke zwi, ngokutsho iingcali ezininzi, Citizen yenkampani - "Chronomaster". Zinelungelo unyaka kunokuba impazamo lemizuzwana-5. Ngexabiso ukuba zibiza kakhulu - ku ezahlukene 4 amawaka euro .. In inyathelo yesibini eqongeni wengqikelelo Longines (imizuzwana 10 kunyaka ngamnye). Ukuba sele sitshiphu - malunga 1,000 euro.

... and mechanical

Uninzi izixhobo zokulinganisa xesha, njengoko umthetho, kodwa zichaneke kakhulu. Noko ke, enye yamacebo nangoku liyi. Watch eyenziwe kwinkulungwane yama-20 ukuya Copenhagen kwiHolo City, yiba mechanism elikhulu-14 amawaka iziqalelo. Ngenxa kuyilo entsonkothileyo kunye nokusebenza yeziphoso zabo womlinganiselo olucothayo kakhulu - imizuzwana nganye eyi-600.