Quantum computer - netheknoloji elizayo

A quantum computer - into yenzeka ebantwini, ngathi undwendwe ukusuka kwixesha elizayo. Ukususela kumaxesha ngamaxesha kukho amanqaku malunga izazinzulu neempumelelo zabo nokuthozama entsimini of physics quantum, kodwa kusekwangoko ukubhiyozela uloyiso, ngenxa yokuba kule intsimi lwezenzululwazi kusekho oluninzi amabala amhlophe. Mhlawumbi xa isibini eminyaka, iikhompyutha quantum uya indawo ngokupheleleyo iikhompyutha njengesiqhelo zesiqhelo kuthi, likufikela uphuhliso engqondweni yabo, eshiya kude ngasemva, kodwa namhlanje kungaba kuphela kwethemba.

Izazinzulu baye bakwazi ukuphuhlisa ikloko quantum, zingaphezu ukuchana kwexesha womlinganiselo yangoku ireferensi amaxesha 100 000, ngoko ke kunokwenzeka kungekudala eziya kuba impumelelo entsimini zobugcisa computer. Namhlanje kukho isixa esikhulu yophuhliso ukudala iikhompyutha quantum. Kutshanje, amaqela ezine izazinzulu evela eItali, Great Britain, Austria kunye Australia ngokuzimeleyo ngalinye ezinye ndadala ndlela elula a quantum lwekhompyutha silungiselelwe kuphela umyinge computing.

A umyinge computer nga ukusombulula ingxaki zonke mihla technology computer. Ngoku nje elinye lamaxabiso zibe esinebhakhowudi - zero okanye elinye, kodwa photon kwenye kwaye ngaxeshanye ukwazi ukwenza amaxabiso omabini angu kule nokwehlukana nkqo nkqo. Iinkqubo ezintsha unako zonke izibalo lwenziwe ngaxeshanye, kunokuba enye kwenye, njengoko kwenza iikhompyutha eziqhelekileyo.

Modern umyinge computer, okanye mandithi nohlobo abangekaphuhli ikhangeleka ngathi womnatha fibre-optic iindlela kwi microchip ngegalelo ezininzi kunye neziphumo. Xa imeyizi ukubaleka ziluhlaza olunye, kwikona nganye bayangena inkqubo umqadi yokuchaka esipilini. Kweli nqanaba, okanye ziluhlaza luyabonakala, okanye udlule. Kubonakala ukuba ngoxa photon ufikelela uphume imeyizi, uya kujongana amaxesha amathathu iluthe umqadi.

Uhlobo quantum ngokwayo inzima kakhulu, ngoko ke nzima ukwenza ubalo echanekileyo, ebonisa apho kuya kuvela kanye photon. Akulula ukwenza nkqu ukuba kukho maze aphilileyo photon nje omnye. Ke ukuba ingxaki nzima kwaye usebenzise amanye amasuntswana, yaye ekubeni kukho ukwandisa inani emendweni, ukuba enze uqikelelo iya kuba nzima kunene. Kusungulwe model izazinzulu - akukho nto kodwa matrix esisigxina, bumntwisiwe umsebenzi zezibalo.

On yanje ikhompyutha ukwazi ukuveza ukuba isisombululo kule ngxaki, kodwa kuphela phantsi komqathango wokuba uhamba Kaka- kwamasuntswana ezininzi, yaye yayimfutshane. Ukuba iimeko nzima, umzekelo, ukwandisa inani photons okanye iindlela kwi imeyizi, izibalo akayi kuba nako ukuvelisa nezona enamandla kakhulu okwangoku izixhobo imini.

A computer quantum, wadalwa zizazinzulu, thembela isigxina isizalo kuphela, kuba akukho ezifanelekileyo iingxaki ezinokuntsonkotha eyahlukeneyo. Kodwa kuphela inyathelo lokuqala kwindlela eya fyabo ikamva zobugcisa. Umsebenzi abaphandi yaba ukubonisa amathuba ngokusebenzisa izixhobo photonic ukuba unako ukumelana msebenzi. Uphononongo lwaqhutywa yakhiwe, ngoko ke nokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kwixa elizayo kuya kubakho izixhobo ezitsha ezisekelwe oku, yaye indawo ngokupheleleyo iikhompyutha mihla.