Le umxhasi enkulu ubugcisa le Renaissance. Lorentso Medichi

Enye babantu abaninzi imibala embalini yi Lorentso Medichi, ebizwa Zobungangamela. indima yayo inkcubeko yehlabathi zinobukhulu indima Newton physics kanye nakwimathematika. Le ndoda wayehlala ngexesha Quattrocento, 1400s, ngexesha zebhola ka Florence. A unique isixeko-siseko weRiphabhliki eyaziwa imbali yamandulo kunye nabahlali abacinga ngaphandle kwebhokisi, ukuzimela oxabisekileyo kunye nenkululeko. Florence baba zebhanki nobugcisa, ezorhwebo, imisebenzi yobugcisa, apha wasebenza nabayili ezinkulu, iimbongi, abakroli kunye zabazobi. Yilaa "tathu" (negama iguqulelwe laloo mzi Italian kunye isiLatin) wazalelwa khona abasemhlabeni - ukuhamba, ekuthiwa impahla yabantu.

Apha ngeli xesha kaJanuwari 1, 1449 wazalwa noLorenzo de 'Medici. impilo yakhe asebenzayo kunye ngokupheleleyo, enokuphikiswa yaye ezinobundlobongela. Yonke imihla yeminyaka engamashumi amane anesithathu yobomi bakhe wayehlala nentsingiselo. Ku fanele ku yaka edume kubananisi, ngoko le ntsapho abazizityebi kunye nempembelelo. kwiminyaka emine emva kokufa mkhulu kwakhe Kozimo Medichi, ke phambi kwamadoda omzi, kwindawo yekhethelo ezikhethiweyo umzukulwana wakhe - Medichi Lorentso. Lo mfana izuze le imbeko ingqondo yakhe italente kwezopolitiko, kwinqanaba eliphezulu lemfundo kunye nothando kwezobugcisa, ingqondo bhetyebhetye amazwe. Wayengenguye yinzwana ngembonakalo, kodwa ahlukaniswa ikhubalo ekhethekile. Kwaye phantse zonke qela de wakhe, ubhedu nesisa.

Lorentso Medichi ngobuciko ukwenza imisebenzi eyabelwe yona abemi: yena balinqabisa Florence ihlabathi, ubuhle kunye nentlalo-ntle. imithetho efanelekileyo umzi, uye negalelo nempumelelo yayo nokupasa. Esemsebenzini, lo mfana njalo iintendelezo Milan iirula, iNaples, eVenice Bologna. Xa uhamba, wayedibana nabantu ezigqibe bayahlelwa ihlabathi. Ukusuka kwawo ke bafunda emibonweni ukucinezela amayelenqe yodwa, nkqu ecaweni upopu ibandla njengempendulo phantsi yayo. Lorenzo wakwazi ukuphepha impi imitsi emikhulu neRoma, wenze.

Kodwa ke eyona idumileyo Lorentso Medichi njenge van'wankumi unesisa, owandise kwithala, yasekwa umkhulu wakhe, waseka eyunivesithi, ukubukelwa yi Donatello, uLeonardo da Vinci, uMichelangelo, Botticelli, ukuqokelela imisebenzi yobugcisa. Ngubani na owaziyo, hi banandiphe obukhulu ezimangalisayo le Renaissance, ukuba kungabi ngenxa umntu omkhulu. Abakwazi yobuciko zabo nesiqingatha, ukuthatha unonophelo isonka yabo yemihla ngemihla. Okanye mhlawumbi umsebenzi babo babeza kutshatyalaliswa ngabantu ixesha nakhohlakeleyo ababemazi nto malunga art. Kwakhona, ngaphantsi ukusekelwa Lorentso Medichi wenza Academy of Careggi, amalungu bawo Pico della Mirandola, Ficino, Poliziano.

Ukufa hlasi loo sale bume eninzi abahlobo bakhe bokwenyaniso kunye nabantu abamthandayo ngokunyanisekileyo. Ixesha lezila lakhe uFlorence nje kuphela, kodwa ihlabathi lonke art ophezulu. Yena wamenzela njengomntu othandekayo kakhulu. Emva kokufa Maecenas, Dzhordzhio Vazari ayiqabe umfanekiso wakhe. Hayi indlela umculi likwazile ukudlulisa umfanekiso hero, asazi. Kodwa ke into ebalulekileyo kukuba, inzala Velikogo Lorentso, khumbula into ayenzileyo kuthi.