LaseKirov (Putilov) Plant: imbali, iimveliso

Isiseko aziwa ngekamva zasekhaya izixhobo kushishino steel Foundry Kronstadt intsimbi kutshintshelwa St. Petersburg ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XΙX ngokuyalelwa loMlawuli Paul v.

LaseKirov (Putilov) mveliso. Imbali ukubunjwa

Imveliso kuqala ngo-1801, kwishishini waqala ukubakhupha engundoqo intsimbi iimfuno zokudubula lomkhosi weenqanawa. Ngokwemfanelo engundoqo yomphathi elimisiweyo mveliso karhulumente-Scot Charlza Gaskoyna yaba intshayelelo kunye nokuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe eyahlulayo entsha. imveliso iimveliso zobugcisa izakhiwo ezenziwe elingqukuva zesinyithi isetyenziswe kule minyaka ilishumi yokuqala yokusebenza, laqalisa imveliso ye amajoni afohlela, amatye nezikali, izibane, amaqhosha.

Ngowe-1812, xa isebe lobunjineli izityalo sadalwa, kwaye ekwakhiweni oomasifundisane amatye waqalisa mveliso iinjini umphunga, oomatshini, izixhobo umatshini iimfuno zabo kunye nokuphuhlisa ishishini yoBukhosi baseRashiya. umonakalo omkhulu kwisityalo kwabangelwa izikhukhula-1824, kwafa abantu 152, wabatshabalalisa, kwana wandihambisa izixhobo emaxongo nezityalo.

Zenjneli entrepreneur

Kule elandelayo iminyaka emashumi mane Foundry eSt Petersburg utshintshile abanini ezininzi, nkqu umyalelo karhulumente enkulu ngo-1844 ukulungiselela unikezelo yimiqolo abazange ukugcina nkampani ungonakala.

Ngowe-1868 isityalo yathi yathengwa UNikolai Ivanovich Putilov, ngubani wakwazi ukuba ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-12 kwishishini obuziintlobo inzuzo kakhulu phambili. emva nje konyaka, isityalo Putilov wavelisa tonnes ngaphezulu kwama-80 kaloliwe ezityikitywe mini, umgangatho, iimveliso British nesetyenzwe ubuchule imveliso Bessemer ngentsimbi. Ngowe-1872, kunye lokusekwa "Society Putilov Works" kwaye kwasungulwa ngentsimbi-qikeka workshop uluhlu lweemveliso lweshishini zincedisana izakhiwo ibhulorho, iinqwelo zikaloliwe.

Emva kokufa UNikolai Ivanovich abalandeli 1880 wenziwe iphupha lakhe-elide emi - ukudibanisa i Putilov mveliso noLwandle Channel ne Kronstadt, ukuqinisekisa esi sicatshulwa iinqanawa, hayi nje kuphela ngenxa ekuthunyelweni kwemveliso zesityalo kunye nonikezelo ngezinto ekrwada, kodwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno yonke St. Petersburg. Kungenxa kwi Putilov wazibeka iziseko ekuqeqesheni abasebenzi mveliso, waqalisa uphuhliso lwezibonelelo zoluntu lweshishini.

At Empire kwelanga

Ngu ekuqaleni XX kwenkulungwane Putilov mveliso waba yinkokheli ekuzibonakaliseni phakathi amashishini metallurgical kunye umatshini-isakhiwo zasekhaya enye enkulu eYurophu. abasebenzi kaRhulumente ngaphaya amawaka 12.4. Abantu. Kwi esitokisini obuyiyile isityalo iinqanawa okuqala phantsi: kuqala, abonakalisi, uze emva koko - cruisers kunye kubabulali. Phakathi iimveliso ezizodwa ixesha - ingumtshabalalisi fleet "Novik", ekhawulezileyo-badubula intsimi umpu, inkqubo yehlabathi yokuqala anti-moya gun wayo, kwakudada ton-100 nendwe ethwele umthwalo kule yanamhlanje.

A kwinqanaba qhinga omtsha ngaphakathi sikhokelo projekthi "Russian Krupp" wazisa Putilov mveliso nobizo yomnini odumileyo - AI Putilov, iqukiwe ekwakhiweni webhodi ngo-1910 kwaye utyale imali kwi nkampani ngenxa engange ngaphezulu kwezigidi-30. (Xa iindleko yonke impahla rbl-19 ezigidi.). Imveliso zenyanga zokudubula kuye ndanda ngaphezu kwabo ngokuphindwe kahlanu. Ngokuba izinto ezininzi eveliswe yi-mveliso ibe bodwa, nto leyo waqinisekisa abanini inzuzo enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, lo mbuso bahlasela lizwe wenze uhlengahlengiso alo.

Ithuba Soviet

Putilov mveliso e Petrograd kwi olwandulela revolution 1917, ukuba kwiNtetho kaMongameli 35 lamawaka. Abasebenzi. Yaba ngentshukumo abasebenzi balo yaba ekuqaleni Februwari revolution. Ekupheleni konyaka le nkampani uhulumeni yaye kamva uqambe "Red Putilovets", yaye ngowe-1934 kwathiwa igama emva S. M. Kirova. Kushishino lwe kwiriphabliki eSoviet mveliso wenza iimveliso zesinyithi entsha, kaloliwe, izixhobo izityalo ngamanzi, iitrektara, imoto series R-1. Ngowe-1939, umgca wokuqala behlabathi yaphehlelelwa ekuveliseni matanki enzima.

Ngexesha leMfazwe Patriotic Enkulu wabaqeshwa zesityalo ukuba bakhutshwe kuhlala eChelyabinsk. Wahlala wawungqinga iLeningrad shop phantse kumgca ngaphambili waqhubeka imveliso kunye nokulungiswa okungenisa amatanki kunye nezithuthi vehicles.

Ekupheleni imfazwe le mveliso redeveloped kwimveliso lothotho izixhobo zomkhosi, izixhobo amandla kunye noshishino zenyukliya, iitrektara "Kirovets".

karhulumente yangoku

Ngowe-1992, idale JSC "laseKirov Plant". iimeko ezimandundu zentlalo nezoqoqosho ziye zanyanzela zizigqeba inkampani uphinde ubuyisele imveliso, ngaxeshanye ukungenisa ubugcisa kukhuphiswano. Phakathi iimveliso eziphambili kwisityalo - izithuthi transport ( "Onega", "Ladoga", "Ukulwa"), ukwakhiwa kwendlela kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa kwishishini lokwakha, oyile negesi. Uvimba "Kirovets" zifunwa kuphela kurhwebo lwasekhaya kodwa kwakhona kumazwe angaphandle elibonakalayo kumazwe-14.

LaseKirov bazilungiselela turbines kunye nezinye izixhobo amandla esifakelwe lweenqanawa ezintywilayo zenyukliya ezininzi, icebreakers, iinqanawa aselwandle nomi.

mathemba

Ngokoluvo bevumelana neengcali ukanti abahlalutyi, laseKirov mveliso - enye ngabaqhubi kuphuhliso zobunjineli zasekhaya. Phakathi kweenjongo ngokukhawuleza zeqhinga labaphathi lweshishini le ngokukodwa kubabela imali ngcembe ukusuka yokusebenza awohloka izixhobo iyonke nokuphuculwa zobugcisa lwezibonelelo ezisisiseko, ukuphucula umbutho umsebenzi noqeqesho kumsebenzi we-mali yabasebenzi, usetsho kunye nophuhliso imigca zeshishini elitsha. Loo nsimbi (njenge yinxalenye yoluntu -. Bangaphezu kwama-30 nkampani kunye nabasebenzi malunga 6 amawaka abasebenzi) iya kubavumela ukuba ahlale osinde kweemeko ezinzima zoqoqosho. Jonga bethembisa iiprojekthi zokwakha phezu eselunxwemeni esikhulu kwisikhongozeli yesiphelo kwisityalo, ngokubonelela izitya iqela moorings bunkering iinkonzo.

Kuyathenjwa ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo elungeleleneyo nabanobuchule yeBhodi yabaLawuli ziya kubuya nobukhulu owayesakuba laseKirov (Putilov) mveliso.