Kwiintsali - umnyama?

Kubomi, sijongene rhoqo kunye iinkani, kodwa akusoloko qaphela oko, okanye ngamanye amaxesha Andazi ukuba yintoni na. Ngoku siza kuzama ukuba siqwalasele ngokweenkcukacha yintoni eyenza kwiintsali. Umzekelo yokuqala ekubulaleni umnyama yayo yesiqhelo. Kukhona neze umntu owayeza kuba zange iyayithanda le meko ezintle. Ngokutsho inkolelo yamandulo, emazantsi yomnyama, unako ukufumana imbiza ngokupheleleyo yegolide. Thina baqhele kakhulu ukubona umnyama, sicinga ukuba ngemihla, yaye asiyi lokumba ubume bayo. Enyanisweni nganye bembonakalo yayo lukhatshwa iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo emzimbeni ngalo sizama ukuqonda eli nqaku.

Ngengqiqo ezininzi jikelele ye IP - oku ke refraction lokukhanya. Edlula bemilo, umqadi ukukhanya refracted kwaye yeyela umbala owahlukileyo. Oku ngokulula ukuhlola ekhaya. Emva kokuba amava kancinane. Ngenye imini ilanga kuyimfuneko ukuvala iikhethini window ekhaya yaye wenze emngxunyeni encinane apho igumbi enokwendela ray emxinwa. Phezu malunga efestileni le umqadi uya kuba ibala elikhanyayo. Sibeka endleleni bemilo yeglasi. Ngoku siyabona ukuba mahluko - njengomqathango yimbonakalo yomnyama obakhoyo efini, kuba le ndawo phezu udonga umbala. Kuyo uyakwazi ukubona zonke imibala yomnyama, obomvu Violet.

Ngoko ke, lo mahluko - zizinto optic ebangelwe ukuxhomekeka ye isalathiso zokunganyangeki of kweziyobisi amaza okukhanya (kwamaza) okanye ukukhanya oxhomekeke kwisigaba Velocity kwamaza kwi-frequency okanye okukhanya. Isiphumo kwiintsali na yokubola umqadi kukhanya spectrum njengoko udlula bemilo yeglasi. Ubhekiso ukukhanya yafumaneka ngo-1672 ngu Newton, ngubani inxaxheba ekufundeni omoya esebenzayo.

Newton wayengekho yemifuniselo kuqala kuqhutywa efanayo. Ekuqaleni ixesha lethu kwakusaziwa malunga yokubola spectrum ukukhanya njengoko igqitha phakathi ziikristale eyodwa enkulu. Abaphandi zokuqala zokunganyangeki baba Isazinzulu IsiNgesi T. Hariot kunye naturalist Czech J. Marci, kodwa Newton waqalisa ukuhlalutya nzulu kule nkqubo.

Newton wachitha lonke uluhlu iimvavanyo asebenzise nonxantathu. Iziphumo zophando lwakhe iye yachazwa ngokweenkcukacha "Izifundo kwi Optics", "Optics" kunye "theory yokukhanya kunye nombala. ' Newton wakwazi ukubonisa ukuba ukukhanya emhlophe akukho sisiseko bonke abanye, kodwa koko - akukho efanayo. Iintlobo ngeentlobo nisikwe, yokubola ngamanye bokukhanya abamhlophe iinxalenye zayo candelo kuvela xa umqadi udlula prisms ezahlukeneyo kunye neqela nonxantathu. Ukwandiswa ukukhanya kuba umbala ngalinye iphawulwa iqondo elithile refrangibility. umbala ngamnye iimpawu zayo ezithile. Kwiintsali kubonisa umahluko zabo. izazinzulu uphando ezizalisiweyo yemvelo mihla umdla omkhulu ukusuka kwindawo Ngenxa kuphela iziphumo kodwa indlela. Kuphando lwabo, Newton wabeka lo msebenzi ukuba abeke phambili hypothesis ukuchaza iimpawu yokukhanya kunye nyaniso nengxoxo. Scientist babesoloko amalinge, makuqatshelwe ukuba "intabalala amava akayeki."

Ukwalathisa kwavela ukukhanya bemilo iglasi, Newton wakwazi uzibonayo ekhusini a uhlobo nomnyama. Scientist ziye zachongwa ezisixhenxe imibala ezingundoqo, esingamangqina ako oko thina sonke ngoku bazi kakuhle. Kutheni ezisixhenxe? Ukuba imibala ezisixhenxe ezo luphuhle. Ukongeza, umculo kwakhona amanqaku ezisixhenxe kuphela, kodwa iinguqulelo zabo zikuvumela ukuba ukudala imisebenzi bokwenyaniso yobugcisa, ngokungafaniyo omnye komnye. Emva koko wabamba amava umva ukuthumela uluhlu kwezinye ubuso prizim yeglasi. Ngelo xesha, weza kwakhona ukufumana ukukhanya emhlophe. Ngenxa yoko, Newton kwafuneka ingcamango ukwenza isangqa kunye namacandelo ezisixhenxe imibala eyahlukileyo, apho ujikeleziso aphinde afumane ukukhanya emhlophe.

Ngenxa yoko, usasazeko - yinkqubo enzima emzimbeni okubangwe iimpawu yokukhanya kunye nombala. Kwaye ngale nkqubo siyakwazi ukubona umnyama emva yesaqhwithi. Ngoku une ufifi esuka kwindawo imbono kwi ezibangela yimbonakalo yomnyama zenzululwazi.