Kutheni igazi ngentambo?

Namhlanje weva ngayo iiseli esiqwini, ukuba asingabo bonke, abaninzi kakhulu. Of umdla ethile sesona sihloko abazali elizayo abasendleleni indlela isigqibo ekulondolozweni wegazi imfesane yosana umntwana kuzalwa. Ngomhla ukuchaneka ukhetho babo zixhomekeke ngqo kunye nempilo yomntwana.

Makhe sithethe kutheni igazi intambo lugcinwe ezitsheni ezizodwa. Ukongeza, cinga iimpawu kunye izicelo zayo.

Yintoni igazi imfesane yosana?

Igama owanikwa igazi buyasuswa imfesane yosana nosana ngumkhaya ngoko nangoko emva kokuzalwa. ixabiso layo luxinzelelo eliphezulu iiseli stem, apho kukho ezininzi neempawu ezintle.

Yintoni iiseli stem

Iiseli intambo kuthiwa esiqwini. Bona i "iibhloko zokwakha" eziphambili kulwakhiwo amajoni omzimba. Ukongeza, iiseli stem kuba osemqoka umdla kukuba nengozi kwicandelo kulo umjikelo wobomi. Oku kunegalelo nokubuyiselwa nayiphi na inyama yomzimba. Kwaye tem iiseli ekwaziyo umehluko ngokupheleleyo kulo naluphi na uhlobo iseli, leyo ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini.

Njani na ingqokelela igazi imfesane yosana

Ngoko ke, njani ndiqokelele igazi intambo? Ngoko nangoko kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba le nkqubo nto yalula ngokupheleleyo ukuba umama nosana lwakhe olusandul 'ukuzalwa. Ukongeza, ukuba ngaba akusayi kusa nto ingozi.

Ngoko nangoko emva kokubeleka yosana vein inaliti lifakwa ngalo igazi idlule womxhuzulane uqiniseke ekhethekileyo. Kuyo sele iqulethe ulwelo ethintela ukopha. Amagqabi lonke, bethabathela ml-50 ukuya 250 igazi apho ekwakhiweni iqulathe ukususela-3 ukuya kwisi-5 ekhulwini iiseli stem.

Emva kokuba wokuqhuba anamanxeba ngumkhaya obstetrician malunga 10-20 eesentimitha ze intambo yosana kwaye asibeke endaweni kwisikhongozeli ekhethekileyo.

Zonke biomaterials kufuneka zisiwe kumagumbi ovavanyo iiyure 4-6. Kukho uya processing zabo, ngqele kubeka zibe yokugcina.

Impilo kweeseli stem nokusetyenziswa kwazo

Ukugcina igazi intambo - inkqubo kufuneka uthathe indawo yonke imithetho eziyimfuneko kunye nemimiselo. Ngapha koko, kuxhomekeke kuye ebudeni 'ubomi "kweeseli stem.

Ukuba zigcinwe kakuhle, eli xesha ibe amashumi eminyaka, njengoko oko kungqinwa yinto yokuba bank igazi yokuqala yavulwa kwakhona ngo-1993. Kwaba ukususela kulaa mzuzu ukuya kude ixesha lethu agcinwe iiseli stem kuqala angenziwa ngegazi imfesane yosana.

Isibakala sokuba eli biomaterial 100% ngakumbi efanelekileyo ngqo umntwana, akukho kwamathandabuzo. Ukongeza, uphando olwenziwe lubonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kolwelo lixabisekileyo kwakhona esondele izalamane (abazali, abazalwana noodade). Kulo mzekelo, ukuba nokwenzeka ukuba igazi ofanelekileyo, bungaphakathi-25%.

cells isiqu zabantu abadala

Emva kokufunda le ngcaciso ilapha ngasentla, loo mbuzo uya kuvela: kutheni esiqwini iiseli kufuneka uqokelele kuyo usana olusanda kuzalwa? Ezo emzimbeni womntu omdala? Yebo zikhona. Kodwa!

Umahluko ephambili ilele uyondelelwano lwee- iiseli stem egazini. Nobudala, inani labo uhlala ukuhla. Oku kuza kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba iziphumo zophando: 1 kuzalwa stem akhawunti iseli iiseli 10,000 emzimbeni ngexesha esakhula - 100 amawaka, yaye emva kweminyaka engama-50 - 500 amawaka. Oku kunciphisa nje kuphela inani kodwa umgangatho. iiseli cord stem yosana ezisebenzayo ngaphezu kwezo zifunyenwe kwi-umongo wethambo. Esona sizathu siphambili oku ulutsha zabo.

Kutheni kuyimfuneko ukugcina igazi intambo yosana

amayeza Modern iye phambili kude phambili kwaye wazi lukhulu. Kodwa kukho ezinye izifo, unyango ethe nangoku sele yasungulwa. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, indlela yokuphuma kukuba ukusebenzisa igazi imfesane yosana, okanye ukuba ngqo ngakumbi - iiseli stem eziqulathwe kuyo. Umzekelo, kusenokuba izifo yamajoni omzimba. Oku kubandakanye kunye iimeko apho kufuneka wobuyiselo lomongo wethambo okanye igazi, ngokunjalo biomaterial lusetyenziswa ukuxhokonxa inyama ngokutsha emva kokwenziswa ukutsha kakhulu okanye amanxeba.

Nokuba lo mntwana wazalelwa usempilweni ngokupheleleyo, oko akuthethi akuqinisekisi ukuba iiseli stem akuyi kufuneka ukuba ubomi. Ngaphezu koko, nazo zingasetyenziswa unyango nezizalwane. Ngoko ke kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba bacinge malunga uthambo umba yokuqokelela igazi phambi kokuba unikezelo ukuze uvumele kwimeko ukubuyisela kuphela impilo yomntwana, kodwa amanye amalungu entsapho.

Unyango wegazi imfesane yosana

Kuye ekhankanywe apha ngasentla ukuba igazi imfesane yosana kunye iiseli stem equlethwe kuso, i ilikhubalo yokwenene ndahlukane izifo ezininzi kakhulu. Kodwa ngaphandle imizekelo athile amagama ezinjalo ziya kuhlala nje ibinzana engenanto. Ngoko ke, makhe ukukhumbula ezinye izifo kwemininzi eqhelekileyo (nangona zonke lwabo ngaphezu kwe-80), apho oko kunokwenzeka ukuba balahle ngokusetyenziswa kwale biomaterial. Ukunenzela lula, baya kwahlulwa ibe ngamaqela anxulumene.

Izifo igazi;

• lymphoma;
• hemoglobinuria;
• kunye nezinye eliyinjubaqa aplastic;
• cell anemia irhengqa,
• Waldenstrom;
• hemoglobinuria ebusuku paroxysmal;
• oyingozi futhi leukemia ezingapheliyo ;
• igazi Fanconi;
• macroglobulinemia;
• myelodysplasia.

izifo sokuhlasela:

• isifo samathambo;
• Cerebral Palsy;
• ukwenzakala umnqonqo;
• ngesibetho;
• isifo i-Alzheimer;
• sclerosis systemic;
• izifo luvo;
• isifo Parkinson kaThixo.

Cancer:

• neuroblastoma;
• umhlaza (webele, zezintso, maqanda, amasende);
• umhlaza cell wemiphunga amancinci ;
• nee- Ewing kaThixo;
• rhabdomyosarcoma;
• ithumba ebuchotsheni;
• thymoma.

Okunye azalwa nayo izifo:

• izifo metabolic;
• immunodeficiency;
• diabetes;
• muscular dystrophy;
• ukuqina;
• AIDS;
• histiocytosis;
• amyloidosis.

eziveza ethile Izimo zokugcinwa igazi imfesane yosana

Kukho iimeko apho umba kulondolozwe igazi intambo kufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Oku kusebenza kwiimeko apho:

• amalungu osapho nabameli bezizwe ezahlukeneyo;
• unayo nayiphi na usapho bene isifo igazi okanye isifo esibulalayo;
• usapho abantwana abaninzi;
• usapho sele babe abantwana abagulayo;
• ukukhulelwa kwenzeka emva kwe;
• kukho urhanela ukuba kukho imfuneko yokusetyenziswa iiseli isikhondo kwenzeka kwixesha elizayo.

Kodwa kwenzeka ukuba agcine iiseli stem akuvumelekanga. Oku Kwimeko result elincumisayo ukubakhona kwezifo ezifana hepatitis B no-C, negcushuwa, iHIV-1 no-HIV-2, T-cell wegazi.

Indlela eyiyo unyango kunye iiseli stem?

Izazinzulu bezisoloko uyazi iimpawu luncedo ukuba unalo igazi intambo. Kwaye ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uphando esebenzayo malunga nokusetyenziswa iiseli stem ukunyanga izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba benza inkqubela entle yaye kubulela kufuphi elizayo igazi intambo kuya kuba lula ukuphelisa izifo ezininzi. Ukongeza, elabhoratri evela iiseli stem angakhula umzimba omtsha high-grade! Le lokufumanisa iye phambili kude phambili amayeza kwaye wabeka yakhe, ngokungathi kunjalo, kwinqanaba entsha zazivelela.

Yintoni Bank of iiseli stem, yaye wenza ntoni?

Emva kokuba kwenziwe isigqibo yokulondoloza igazi intambo, ukuba uhlala ukujongana umbuzo omnye kuphela: lizakugcinwa phi? Ingaba kukho iindawo ezikhethekileyo ngeenjongo ezinjalo? Impendulo, Kakade, ezintle.

Bank iiseli stem igazi intambo - indawo apho izinto ezixabisekileyo ezifana eziphilayo ziya kugcinwa ngokwayo yonke imigangatho efunekayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iirejista ezimbini: wesiqhelo kunye noluntu.

Kwimeko yokuqala, igazi ukusuka imfesane yosana lo mntwana bobabo kubazali bakhe, kunye nawokuyeka xa bathe banakho. Kodwa ke kule meko, kuya kufuneka uhlawule zonke iinkonzo zabo, kuqalwa ekuqokeleleni kunye nokusebenza kunye nesiphelo kunye nokugcinwa.

Iiseli isikhondo ibe irejista yoluntu kufumaneka kuye nawuphi na umntu kufuneka kuvela imfuneko.

Ukukhetha ibhanki iiseli stem

Xa ukhetha i ibhanki yokugcina cell elisisiqu kuyimfuneko ukuba baqwalasele iingongoma ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo. Makhe siqwalasele nganye ngokweenkcukacha.

1. Bank of kubukho kwexesha. Kulo mba, yonke kusengqiqweni, ngenxa yokuba ixesha ngakumbi intlangano esebenza ngayo, kokukhona wathemba ngabathengi, ikakhulu ngenxa intembelo uyazinza. Ngaphezu koko, abasebenzi ibhanki ngokuqhelekileyo babe namava olunzulu ngegazi ngentambo.
2. Ukuphatha ilayisensi. Oku kufuneka-bona khona. Ibhanki kufuneka imvume kucingo, uthutho kunye nokugcinwa iiseli stem, ezikhutshiweyo yiKomiti Health.
3. izakhiwo Base. Kungcono ukukhetha ibhanki esekelwe kwiziko yophando lwenzululwazi okanye iziko lonyango. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iimeko zokusebenza kunye nezinto eziphilayo kunye nokugcinwa ziyafezekiswa.
4. Ubukho bezixhono eziwufaneleyo lo msebenzi. Ibhanki kufuneka mayixhotyiswe icentrifuge kabini, kwakunye nezixhobo kunye Sepax Macopress.
5. Ubukho kwenkqubo yolawulo oluzenzekelayo cryostorages. Oku kuya kunceda ukulawula iisampulu enobushushu igazi imfesane yosana, kwakunye ukufumana iingxelo ekulondolozeni ukuba bafakwe kwindawo yokugcina ekhethekileyo.
6. Ubukho inkonzo yekhuriya. Oku kukuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi ibhanki ababa ngokukhawuleza kufika kwiwadi kubeleka, ukuqokelela igazi intambo, eyihlangula kwilebhu. Kwisantya umsebenzi wabo ngqo uzinzo okuqhubekayo iiseli stem ixhomekeke.
7. Ukuqhuba uphando kwinkalo yophando yebhanki cell technology. Lo mhlathi nto ebaluleke ngaphantsi nabani na. Ukongeza, ibhanki kufuneka lisebenzisane kunye namaziko zonyango nokukhokela amaziko ophando yesixeko.
8. Ubukho wabasiki yokhuseleko. Le nto ayithethi ukuba ingcaciso engaphezulu.

Ukongeza, ungenza ngokhetho ucacise ukuba amava ibhanki xa isicelo iiseli stem ukuba unyango. Ukuba impendulo ezakhayo kuba omnye plus kuphela.

Apha Siyazazi kunye emibuzo "Yintoni na igazi imfesane yosana." Ukusetyenziswa kwalo, njengokuba sibona, kuboniswe ukuba unyango lwezifo kakhulu xa amachiza sele namandla. Kodwa nayiphi na imeko, isigqibo ukuqokelela njani igazi intambo umntwana kuzalwa okanye hayi, ukuthatha abazali bakhe kuphela.