Izindlela zokuphuhliswa kwabantwana bokuqala: ukujonga ngokubanzi iinkqubo ezikhoyo

Oomama abaninzi nangaphambi kokuzalwa komntwana bacinga malunga nophuhliso lwayo. Yintoni okuyimfuneko yokwenza, ukuba umntwana wakhula kwaye ebuza Indlela yokuphuhlisa amathuba athile kuwo wonke umntu omncinane? Yintoni enokuyenza ngunyana onyakeni wokuqala wobomi? Iimpendulo kuzo zonke le mibuzo zinikwe iindlela zanamhlanje zokuphuhliswa kwexesha lokuqala kwabantwana. Nguwuphi na onokumkhetha? Oku uyazigqiba emva kokufunda inqaku lethu.

1. iMessessori Methodology

NgokukaMaria Montessori, ukuphuhliswa kwengane kufuneka kusekelwe kwimigaqo emibini: uhlobo lomdlalo lokufunda kunye nokuzimela komntwana. Ngaphandle kwendlela ethile, le nkqubo ayiyi kusebenza. Umntwana ngamnye uhlukile, kwaye oku kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Ingane ngokwayo iya kukhetha umsebenzi ofanelekileyo, kubalulekile kuphela ukudala indawo ephuculayo. Iimpazamo zezingane akufanele zilungiswe, uya kuzikwenza ngokwakhe. Umama kufuneka ahambe ngokunyanisekileyo kwinkqubo yonke, kodwa akukho mzekelo ongafundisi iimvumba. Yintoni echaphazela le ndlela yokuphuhliswa kwangaphambili komntwana? Okokuqala, kuhlose ukuphucula:

- ingqwalasela;

- imemori;

Engqiqo nokucinga ;

- Intetho;

- Izakhono zoMbane;

- Ukucinga.

2. Iindlela zikaNikitin

Le ndlela yokukhulisa abantwana abancinci ibonisa ukuba umntwana akafuneki ukuba athotyelwe ukwenza nantoni na. Unxibelelwano lwabazali kunye nosana kufuneka lwakhiwe ngendlela yentsebenziswano. Umama noTata bacela indlela efanelekileyo, kodwa ningazami ukufundisa umntwana yonke into ngokukhawuleza. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukwenza izinto ezibizwa ngokuthi "eziphambili". Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umntwana uzama nje ukubiza amagama akhe okuqala, kufuneka umthengele iilfabhethi (iplastiki okanye i-magnetic), kunye neqoqo leenombolo (kunye nombane okanye uhlobo lwe cubes). Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba le nkqubo okwangoku ithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokomzekelo, eJapane le yindlela yokwenza kuyo yonke i-kindergartens.

3. Indlela yeDolman

"Iimpawu zolwazi" - nguGlen Doman ngokwakhe ubiza amakhadi awayeyilwe. Kukho kubo indlela yakhe yokuphuhliswa kokuqala komntwana isekelwe. Iyintoni isiseko sayo? Unokubonakalisa umntwana usenomfanekiso ohlukileyo ukusuka ekuzalweni. Ingaba yizilwanyana, izixhobo zasendlini, iziganeko zendalo, iinkcukacha ze-wardrobe, kunye neengongoma zeebhilikhwe namagama abhaliweyo. Isifundo sithatha imizuzwana embalwa, kodwa siphinda kaninzi ngamaxesha.

4. Waldorf Pedagogy

Le ndlela yokuphuhliswa kokuqala komntwana yenza ukubheja okuyisiseko kwinqanaba lokomoya kunye nobuhle bobuqu, kodwa kungekhona kwintliziyo. Ukuba usebenza nale nkqubo, ngoko kunye nebhokhwe kufuneka usebenze ngokumodareyitha, ubugcisa bendoda, udlale izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, ubeke iimidlalo zakho ezincinane, ugcine uhlobo lwendalo. Ngendlela, ukufundisa umntwana ukuba afunde le ndlela ayincomo ngaphambi kokuba aphendule iminyaka eyi-12 ubudala! Inendima ebalulekileyo ekufundiseni idlalwe ngummeli obonakalayo. Le nkqubo inabaninzi abachasileyo. Okokuqala, akayi kuphulaphula ngokupheleleyo ukuphuhliswa kwengqondo kunye nokucinga. Okwesibini, ngandlela-thile, le nkqubo ijolise ekudaleni izimo ezifanelekileyo ezikude nobomi boqobo. Kwaye, okwesithathu, ukuphuhliswa komntwana kunqande kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo inokunceda abo bantwana babo abanomdla kwaye bahlasele.

5. Indlela yeZaitsev

Le ndlela yokuphuhliswa kwangaphambili komntwana izisa phambili kwimfundiso yokufunda. Amaklasi ayenjalo ngohlobo lomdlalo. Abantwana ngelo xesha bacula, bawabethe izandla kwaye bahlala behamba. Isiseko senkqubo yilawa kuthiwa "amagumbi okugcina". Ezi zidibaniso zezikhenkce kunye nezonononongo , ezilungiselelwe ngamabini. Yingakho esikolweni umntwana ofundayo ngokwale nkqubo kuya kufuneka aqale kwakhona - ukuba afake ii-letters, kunye nee-syllable.