Izilwanyana ezingcwele eYiputa. Inkunzi engcwele eYiputa yamandulo. Inkunzi engcwele Apis amaYiputa amandulo

Egypt yamandulo Mysterious usinike izinto ezifunyaniswe ezininzi namabali emangalisayo. iinkolelo yaseYiputa hlukile Ukuntsonkotha kwaye usoloko umdla lwabo. AmaYiputa adunyiswe abazalwana bethu abancinane, ebonisa oothixo babo iintloko zezilwanyana. Noko ke, kwakukho abathile izilwanyana kwabona zithathwa oothixo. Enye yezi zilwanyana ezinqabileyo yaba yenkomo Mnevis emnyama. Le nkunzi engcwele ingqalelo Mandulo eYiputa sazo Ra. Kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo eYiputa babenqula izilwanyana ezahlukeneyo okanye oothixo. Ngenxa yoku, ngokufuthi wadibana izimpi zenkolo.

Xa wafela isilwanyana engcwele, umzimba wakhe, bamqhola uSirayeli, wabekwa sarcophagus kunye etiphini. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba ezinye izilwanyana bangcwatyelwa ngendlela ekhethekileyo. Umzekelo, iikati wangcwatywa Bubastis kwi crypt engcwele abafileyo aphoswa iingwenya umNayile, ibises - kuphela e Hermopolis, iinkunzi zisoloko kanye apho bafa. ezifunyanisiweyo Okumangalisayo sarcophagi iintlanzi, amabhungane, iinyoka, ichneumon.

Inkunzi engcwele eYiputa yamandulo

Ekubeni indima ebalulekileyo kubomi amaYiputa abathatha inxaxheba kwezolimo, ukuba ngaphandle isilwanyana esinjalo, efana yenkomo, kwaba nje akunakwenzeka ukulawula. Kuyabonakala ukuba, ngenxa yombulelo wakhe waza wenza ezingcwele. iya abaninzi bezibuza ukuba yintoni na igama yenkomo engcwele yaseYiputa yamandulo. Enyanisweni, kukho amagama ambalwa. Bulls ezisetyenziswa umsebenzi entsonkothileyo yezolimo, ngaphandle kwazo bekuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukufumana isivuno esihle kwaye balime ilizwe ngokufanelekileyo. Inkunzi engcwele eYiputa yamandulo wabonakalisa ukuchuma. Kwakhona babemjonga iimazi njengoko abongikazi, abameli zezulu, into enxulumene ngokusondeleyo ukunqulwa Isis kunye Hathor, ngenxa yoko baseka lehlelo elahlukileyo amathokazi ezingcwele bamazulu.

Apis - uthixo Egypt

UThixo uhlobo ukuqubula amaYiputa ingqalelo Apis. Ngubani na Apis, uthixo ukuba nguye eYiputa? Apis uthathwa uthixo wenzala, yena banentsomi fertilizes imazi engcwele, ukususela yancola ozelwe ithole yabo yegolide (ukusitha ilanga). Inkunzi engcwele amaYiputa amandulo babehlala etempileni Ptah eNofu, apho kwakuhlala kunye izihlabo ukuba ukufunda ukuziphatha yezilwanyana, ngokusekelwe iingqikelelo zabo. Isithethe run yenkomo izise abemi baseYiputa, elityebileyo nokuchuma. Azi ukuba ngubani na Apis, uthixo yintoni kanye ukuba kumaxesha amandulo, uqhubeke. Ekufeni Apis, bona ngokunzulu wafihlwa necropolis komhlaba eNofu, umsitho kwenzeka ngasentshonalanga umNayile. izilwanyana Pre zaye zidumbu kwaye zibekwe sarcophagi ezihonjiswe kunye namakhubalo kunye zexabiso. Emva kokufa Apis nababingeleli entsha yenkomo engcwele zaseYiputa iza kufunyanwa. Nangona kunjalo, akukho lula, lo ezihlangwini kufuneka iimpawu ezizodwa. UHerodotus wachaza imiqondiso. Ngokutsho inkcazelo yakhe, i Apis omtsha bekufanele ukuba azalwe inkomo emva kwakhe ndingaze ndikwazi kubeleka. Ithole leyo abanyulwa Apis kufuneka abamnyama, wanebunzi kufuneka unxantathu emhlophe, poni - kabini band (29 imiqondiso). inkunzi Sacred New eYiputa yamandulo ukuba nifunyanwe ngababingeleli kangangeentsuku ezingama-60. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, sele kwafunwa, ababingeleli azila ukudla. Xa kwafunyanwa isilwanyana, kukho ngokunzulu wayisa kwi-Nile ukuya etempileni Ptah, ukuya Memphis. APIs abantu ahlangana elunxwemeni ukuba nawubingelela ukubonisa imbeko yabo.

iinkunzi ezingcwele

izilwanyana ezingcwele eYiputa zahlukahlukene, kodwa zeenkomo phakathi kwazo yenye yeendawo eziphambili. Bull Mnevis wabizwa ngokuba "elanga", kuba yena ngumfuziselo uthixo kwelanga. Wayemnqula kunye buchis, oku inkomo abamnyama kwaye uvezwa ukusitha ilanga phakathi iimpondo. Ngokumalunga umbala buchis imibala kwakukholelwa ukuba uyakwazi ukutshintsha umbala iyure yonke. Amoyika inkunzi omhlophe (Mina), kwakunye nomfazi Isithole waseZulwini, lowo wamthabatha naye nolwalamano olusondeleyo.

Izilwanyana ezinxulumene Anubis

Nale uthixo enxulumene sisikhundla seempungutye, izinja, beziingcuka eziqwengayo. Ngo Kinopolskom fuzo yaba ukunqulwa yeempungutye nezinja. Ihlelo Upuatsta ezinxulumene kweengcuka.

neebhokhwe engcwele neegusha

Okunye UHerodotus uthe malunga babezinikele nelasezibhokhweni. Esi silwanyana unxulunyaniswa oothixo kunye Shai banebdjedet. Iigusha yaye bonke jikelele ohlonitshwayo abahlali laseYiputa. Oku kwakukholelwa ukuba izilwanyana ezingcwele laseYiputa zaye ezinxulumene umphefumlo zamaYiputa zazifuzisela ukuchuma. UAmon yayigqalwa ezikhethekileyo - yegusha kunye iimpondo ecurved kunye egosogoso. Iigusha kunye iimpondo elide abazange banikwe, ngokungafaniyo Amon uboya. Iigusha iziqu kakhulu ngamaYiputa, kanye njengoko bazama ukuba ukubulala, xa iingubo uboya yabo akuvumelekile ukuba ukungena etempileni.

iingwenya

Iingwenya zithelekiswe amanzi uthixo Sobek Nile. Ezi zilwanyana ezingcwele eYiputa emva kokuba ukusekwa kweenkqubo zonkcenkceshelo kunye ukuvela dami lisanda inani layo. Oku kwakukholelwa ukuba iingwenya nga umthetho ukuchitheka imilambo owakunyusayo amasimi yl luncedo. Kanye njengokuba ezikhethiweyo inkunzi engcwele ezikhethiweyo kunye ingwenya engcwele. Okhethiweyo wayehlala etempileni, iziqu ebantwini, yaye kungekudala bonke zibe mbuna. In IThebes Akuvunyelwe ukubulala iingwenya, nokuba yokuthimba isoyikiso kubomi. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ingwenya - isilwanyana engcwele, loo nto ithathwa ungumthombo ububi kunye owayelutshaba uthixo kwelanga, umncedisi elinguSete.

Iinyoka, amasele

Anyuke amasele lawo, njengezinye izinto ezininzi eziphilayo eYiputa, le mbasa ngenxa yokuba imela ukuchuma. Noko ke, amasele iyakujongwa kwakhona izilwanyana Heket thixokazi ngubani patroness yamabhinqa yabasebenzi. AmaYiputa amandulo ayekholelwa ukuba isele unalo umsebenzi nokuzala, ngenxa yokuba ezinxulumene ukunqulwa kokufa nokuvuka emveni kokuphuma nelinye izwe.

YekaHerodotus Kwakhona ke wayezazi njengeenyoka ezingcwele, ezingcwele kwabo uthixo Ra, waza wangcwatyelwa endlwini Karnak.

iintaka

Wayesoyikwa eYiputa neentaka, kuquka bangafi, ezi ziquka Great Gogotun kunye Bento. Ukususela iintaka real ayeze nesihuluhulu, Inkonde, njengexhalanga. Kuba iintaka ezingcwele ukubulala wabulawa. Le namang'ang'ane zokuhlangana eYiputa njenge zmeeborets, amaYiputa bafunda ukuba "nyulu" njengoko kunjalo "yenza" kunye egeza ngokwakhe.

Ba uThixo uchazwa njengomntu ukhetshe intloko yomntu, intaka enye kakhulu kucingwa umphefumlo kaThixo. E Egypt yamandulo, kwakukholelwa ukuba ukhetshe - umkhuseli koFaro.

Yephepha sesona esibhakabhakeni noothixo Mut kunye Nehbet.

scarab

Image scarab beetle inokufumaneka na engcwabeni. Lo qongqothwane nayo engcwele eYiputa yamandulo, oko xa kunqulwa ilanga. AmaYiputa ayekholelwa ukuba amabhungane scarab abe, njenge amasele, umsebenzi of zizale. Zithanda ukukhuseleka ekwenzakaleni, namakhubalo baba amaYiputa, Ndiyasindiswa inyoka yaye wanceda ukuba avuke emva kokufa (Kakade ke, le ntsomi).

iimvubu

Yothixokazi taweret ezisemfanekisweni eYiputa nemvubu okhulelweyo ababhinqileyo, kodwa, nangona ukuthandwa uthixokazi, ukunqulwa yezilwanyana ayisiso isenzeko ngokubanzi, balinqula District Paprimitskom kuphela. Isimanga, ezi zilwanyana, ezifana iingwenya, kwakusithiwa iintshaba uthixo Ra kunye obumntwisiweyo ububi.

iihagu

Ezi zilwanyana zithathwa yinqambi eYiputa. Plutarch wathi ebantwini umYiputa bakholelwa ukuba xa usela ihagu amasi, isikhumba wambu nangokhwekhwe, iqhenqa. Kanye ngonyaka, ihagu kubingelelwe wadla. Kwakukho banentsomi ukuba ngenye imini Typhon enkulu othathe yasendle kwi inyanga epheleleyo, kunye nerhamncwa amsa ebhokisini oqingqiweyo ka Osiris. Ihagu linxulunyaniswa izulu, ukuba njengenyanga, amathole ayo - iinkwenkwezi.

Cats and Lions

Kukholelwa ukuba eYiputa - kuzalwa kweekati. kwakuthathwa Esi silwanyana njengoko ngenxa yokuba urhulumente waba lwezolimo, kwaye ukusuka iimpuku kungonga kuphela ikati, kuba inani. Neekati ingqalelo njengoko homemakers. Xa kufela ikati endlwini, wathi isijwili. izilwanyana Wangcwatywa iimbeko ezikhethekileyo. Bast (isithixokazi of uthando) na enxulumene ikati, nkqu enkulu uthixo Ra, okuboniswe ngokohlobo ikati ebomvu. Ngokubulala ikati ejongene isigwebo sentambo. AmaYiputa uthando kwezi zilwanyana kanye wazisa intlungu: ukumkani wasePersi lukaCambyses wayalela amajoni wakhe ukuba zibaqamangele ukuya iingweletshetshe ikati, ngokunjalo ke neJiputa yanikezela ngaphandle umlo. Lions bebonakalisa amandla kunye namandla koFaro. Ihlelo wayengekho ngokubanzi. Unqulo Centre - Leontopol.

Egypt - an kwilizwe emangalisayo, apho kwiinkulungwane ezininzi babenqula izilwanyana ezahlukeneyo. Enoba obumntwisiweyo okubi okanye okulungileyo, amaYiputa nangentlonelo abazalwana bethu abancinane. Imbali izilwanyana ezingcwele umdla, umdla kunye uyafundisa ngakumbi. Njengenxalenye ibali lethu ochaphazelekayo, kuphela inxalenye encinane eli hlabathi esisityebi ngokwenkcubeko. Imbali laseYiputa yamandulo, amasiko awo kunye nemibhiyozo ezinxulumene kunye nezilwanyana ezingcwele - yinto ihlabathi eyahlukileyo ekhokelela kwaye uyakonwabela ngonaphakade.