Izhevsk: labemi, ubukhulu bayo kunye nokwakheka yobuhlanga

Izhevsk, ogama abemi kwiminyaka yakutshanje kuphela yazinza kodwa linyuke kancinane, omnye loo mizi imashumi kunezizwana eli lizwe. Ngelo xesha, isakhiwo zayo kwezentlalo, utshintsho kuwo kule minyaka engamashumi amabini edlulileyo, zibonise iinkqubo lokuqonda uphuhliso kwezoqoqosho, ezopolitiko kunye nenkcubeko yalo mmandla.

Izhevsk - ikratshi kushishino Russian

Elikomkhulu weRiphabliki Udmurtia wafumana iwonga zokuhlala isixeko kuphela emva kokuba Oktobha Revolution ngo-1918. Noko ke, phezu eminyaka, kuye kwenziwa uvale elikhulu phambili zombini ngokubhekiselele kuphuhliso lwezamazhishini kunye nezenkcubeko. Bokunikeza lezeMisebenzi Ubuqaqawuli ubume somzi ngenxa ubhalo zonke iinkqubo ezenzeka apha kulo kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini.

Inani labemi wesixeko Izhevsk idume namasiko alo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo kwenkcubeko, inzululwazi, imfundo kunye, ke, impumelelo mveliso, italente, umsebenzi wayo onzima kunye nendlela nangezakhono naliphi na ishishini. Ikomkhulu Udmurtia - isixeko beentlanga. Kwangaxeshanye, yena xikombiso zonke ezinye izixeko kunye imimandla yelizwe lethu, va nga ngokuhlalisana ngokupheleleyo nangokuvakalayo basebenzisane Russian kunye Udmurt, Mordvinians kwaye AmaTatar, Ukraine amaYuda.

Izhevsk: inani labantu

Ngokutsho iingxelo zeenkcukacha-manani zakutsha nje, izalathisi ubuninzi yabemi Izhevsk kwiminyaka yakutshanje lenyuka ngabantu malunga namawaka amahlanu yaye ngoku akhawunti kubantu malunga 649.000.

Umdla kwaye oku: ukususela 1993 ukuya ku-2011, bonke abantu ezidolophini liye lehla kancinci, kwaye kule minyaka mine idlulileyo inani abahlali ikomkhulu Udmurtia likhule ngabantu malunga namawaka amabini. Izizathu zale meko iya kuxoxwa ngezantsi, kodwa apha kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba abantu abahlala Izhevsk - ekhulwini angaphezu kwamashumi amane uluntu lulonke kulo mmandla. Lo mfanekiso, ngasendleleni, kukho uphawu kuba phantse zonke lingumxholo Russian Federation.

isakhiwo sex

Yabemi Izhevsk ingabonwa nje cut, enika ulwazi isini kunye nobudala isakhiwo yoluntu lonke Russia. Ngoko ke, ngokutsho ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, inani elipheleleyo amadoda aloo mzi phezu nje ezingamashumi amane ekhulwini, ngoxa yipesenti yamabhinqa kufutshane zaba ngamashumi omathandathu.

Akukho umfanekiso wonwabe kakhulu kubonakala, xa sibheka kuzo ubudala kunye nolwakhiwo abemi wesixeko. Nangona nenyaniso yokuba kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo inani amadoda kunye nabafazi nangona ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kodwa yanyuka ipesenti yabemi yokusebenza ye kulwakhiwo lulonke abemi yabantu ezidolophini gqolo ukwehla. Ngaphezu koko, le ntsingiselo kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqhubeka kule minyaka izayo. Eyona nto kukuba ngokuthe umhlala phantsi, abantu ababezalelwe 1950-1960, kodwa kufakwe abantu abambalwa kakhulu. Oku kungenxa imeko enzima kweli lizwe kule 1990, xa kukho ingxaki yezibalo wokwenene.

Izhevsk. Population. ubuzwe

Ukusuka kwinqanaba ngenxa yokutshintsha amalungu wesizwe kwekomkhulu i Udmurt Republic isenzeko umdla kakhulu. Eyona nto kukuba, ngokomlinganiselo, ngemilinganiselo Russian, isixeko bubonakaliswe abangaphezu kwekhulu kwiintlanga.

Zithako kwasekwa apha ayikho ngengozi. Njengoko ecinga zombini imbali mmandla, nto leyo ifunxwe ngengqiqo ngokoqobo yonke ubukhosi beentlanga Russian, kunye neempawu basekuhlaleni. Eyona nto kukuba kummandla Udmurtia kumiwa endulo ngabameli kwizizwe ezininzi, abantu kunye neentlanga. Uninzi basinda ukuya namhlanje.

Ukhankanye ukuba amanani ezithile, ngoko ke umbuzo othi "Yintoni abemi Izhevsk 'ngokuqiniseka ukuphendula:" Russian "Inyaniso kukuba kwama-68% yabemi balo mzi ngamalungu olu hlanga. Hi ndlela leyi, malunga iirhafu ezinjalo kule minyaka ilishumi yokugqibela ngamandla eSoviet. Ke lona uhlanga titular weRiphabliki, i Udmurt ukuya elinesihlanu ekhulwini abazithembileyo kwindawo yesibini.

Ukuba sithethe ngayo ezinye iintlanga ezinkulu emelwe Izhevsk, eziphezulu ezintlanu, ukongeza kwezo sele ikhankanywe apha ngasentla, nazo ziquka AmaTatar, Ukraine Azerbaijani. Nangona kunjalo, inani le yokugqibela yi hayi ngaphezulu kwe-0.3%.

Kuba amaqela eentlanga, abameli apho bahlala kwikomkhulu iindwendwe ka Udmurtia, iquka Chechens, bessermyan kwanamaGrike. Inani labo ayidluli abantu abali-150.

iinkolo ezibalaseleyo

Izhevsk, ogama labantu nje kuphela abantu nakwiinkcubeko ezohlukileyo, multi-zonqulo kodwa ngomnye weyona mizekelo iphawulekayo ukunyamezelana yonqulo eRashiya.

Uluntu zonqulo likhulu dolophu Orthodox, yaye Izhevsk kudala kube yokuhlala Metropolitan of Izhevsk kunye Udmurtia, indawo esibambe njengangoku i-Metropolitan Nicholas.

Uluntu yesibini ngobukhulu ngamaSilamsi. I lokukhonzela yokuqala ukuvela kwisixeko ngemihla bukhosi. Okwangoku, kukho amathathu amaziko anjalo, ukongeza, ekudaleni uluntu Ulawulo lommandla of Muslims.

Ukongeza eziphambili Izhevsk ezimbini kakhulu asebenza abameli zeecawa zonqulo, amaBhuda, amaProtestanti, Amakholwa Endala, Mormon ngempumelelo.

Ukufuduka kunye nefuthe layo kwinani labantu Izhevsk

A nefuthe elibonakalayo umfanekiso athile kunye nobuhlanga Izhevsk ine imfuduko ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Iqala kwi leSoviet, ikomkhulu Udmurt Republic ukuba "imali enkulu" beza kakhulu kubantu abatsha, silindele ukufumana umsebenzi kakuhle amashishini woshishino esiXekweni. Ngokubhekiselele ukufuduka ngaphakathi, Izhevsk nomtsalane kakhulu emehlweni kubahlali kweendawo ezincinane ezisemaphandleni, kwaye nkqu nakwezinye izixeko apho. Ezingaphi likomkhulu kummandla edityaniswe amathemba ngenxa yokukhula nokuphuhla kunye umvuzo ophucukileyo.

Okwangoku, phantse twatse le meko. Izhevsk, laso phantse amabini iminyaka ilandelelana lancipha, wakwazi ukugcina kwimo yaso njengomnye wemizi emikhulu eRashiya, ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokufika rhoqo abafakwa.

Ngokutsho ulawulo manani weRiphablikhi yonyaka inzuzo yokufudukela kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo lufika kwi abantu malunga 1,300. Eyona anokuvela ezingundoqo iindwendwe eza apha evela kanye Udmurtia kunye Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, angabamelwane ummandla laseKirov kwaye ukusuka eMoscow St Petersburg. Ekhwela abantu becala abaselula abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-30, kodwa ushiye apha ngabantu ubukhulu becala "abanongamelayo amane."

Imiba unethemba nomthelela meko lwentlanga Izhevsk

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, abemi besixeko Izhevsk kwizixeko emine yokugqibela ikhula chu. Oku kunyuka kwamanani, Kakade ke, akukho nto nje umxhelo njengoko yabonakala kwisiqingatha sesibini 1980, kodwa emva amanani ezimbi rhoqo iminyaka engama-20, ukususela ngowe-1993, le ntsingiselo ukhangela ethembisa kakhulu. Eyona engundoqo imiba ethe yanefuthe utshintsho ezibukhali ezifana kule meko zilandelayo.

Okokuqala, lo ukwanda kakhulu ukuchuma. Elidityaniswe zombini kunye neenkqubo zendalo (kuzala ekuqaleni isizukulwana le-80), kunye nemizamo zikaRhulumente (capital and regional kubeleka iinkqubo zezindlu iintsapho abatsha).

Okwesibini, kwakuwo rhoqo lokungena phezu mali, ewushiya nabemi bayo.

Ekugqibeleni, endaweni wesithathu, indima ebalulekileyo nemiba ezintle yokukhula kwenani labantu kunye nokuzinza kwezoqoqosho idlalwe, wazibeka kummandla kwi 2000.

imikhuba emibi

Nangona iziphumo ezincumisayo ngokubanzi kwiminyaka yakutsha nje, eliqela imiba enxulumene utshintsho labemi elikomkhulu Udmurtia, khangela ngendlela eyothusayo. Okokuqala ekhathaza linyuke izinga lokukhula kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo. Esona sizathu siphambili oku kubonwa ukuhla kancinane inani yamabhinqa yobudala otyebileyo. Emva koko, lo kusenokwenzeka ukubona meko, xa izinga ukufa kwakhona ngaphezu umlinganiselo wokuzalwa, njengoko isizukulwana 1990 ngokwemigaqo ubungakanani ungaphantsi kakhulu ukuya isizukulwana 80s.

Okwesibini, Izhevsk, ogama iyaqhubeka iyahlozinga kakhulu, uqhubeka isixeko kunye izinga lokusweleka eliphezulu kakhulu. Ingakumbi bakhathazekile kukuba abantu ubukhulu becala yokusebenza-ubudala bayafa. Oku echaphazela ngokungalunganga zombini amandla abasebenzi yesixeko kunye namathemba zayo zokuhlala.

Ekugqibeleni, okwesithathu, abemi Izhevsk, kwakunye nayiphi na isixeko eRashiya, kuxhomekeke ngqo kwi imeko neyoqoqosho yommandla naseRussia njengohlobo yonke. ezifa- esakhulayo kwiminyaka lwakutsha nje ngokucacileyo igalelo yokuba iintsapho abaselula ukuqala ilangazelela abantwana kwesibini.

Iindlela zokusombulula le ngxaki

Akukho izisombululo abangabodwa ukuba iingxaki ezinxulumene ne ukuvuthuluka imeko ngokwedemografi, Kakade ke, ayikho, kodwa ngokwemiqathango Izhevsk, ungasebenzisa ezi ngongoma zilandelayo.

Okokuqala, eyona nto ibalulekileyo noorhulumente beengingqi, kufuneka ukuba anikwe buvuvu yembono izithethe ezixabisekileyo zosapho, indima enkulu yokuba ngumama ekubunjweni umntu ngamnye.

Okwesibini, kubalulekile ukuphucula inkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo, njengoko ekugqibeleni ukuguga chu yabemi kuya kukhokelela ekwandeni kutyelelo koogqirha.

Okwesithathu, Izhevsk, ogama labemi kwixesha eSoviet luphawulwa owodwa yenzululwazi kunye mveliso, kufuneka azame ukutsala abantu owodwa zemfundo. Sisiseko oku kufuneka kube ukuphakamisa umgangatho kweenkonzo zemfundo.