Iyintoni na intsingiselo kwiSiqendu 144 soMthetho i-Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation kunye 145 weKhowudi?

Isigqibo ukuqalisa inkqubo yolwaphulo kuvunyelwe kuphela ngokusekelwe kuhlalutyo njongo, ephelele neqondakalayo kunye nokuvavanywa ulwazi ongenayo. Ukwamkela ulwazi malunga nolwaphulo-mthetho okanye ukuzama kuyo, igosa unyanzelekile ukuba uqinisekise ukuba iinkcukacha eziqulathwe kuyo. Umyalelo ingqalelo bafumana ulwazi, ngokukodwa isigqibo malunga neziphumo zovavanyo icwangcisa akukho inqaku elinye (144, 145 of the Code), nto leyo ethetha ukuba lo mthetho uhlawula ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ukucaca ngqo yemisebenzi yokuqala, iziphumo apho umrhanelwa okanye umoni uya kutshutshiswa .

imibuzo key

Xa umyalezo ifika igosa ulwaphulo elivavanya umgangatho wenkcazelo. Kulo mzekelo, umele uphendule le mibuzo:

1. IZenzo ingaba umthombo datha ingxelo okanye umyalezo kwi kweziyobisi kunye ifomu.
2. Zezona izibakala zokwenene kunye neziganeko, yaye ingcaciso ichanekile.
3. Ngaba isenzo echaza iimpawu-mthetho, ukuba unako ukufumana naliphi na inqaku le-Code Criminal.
4. Ingaba kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba amanyathelo okuthintela, ukunqanda kakubi, ukulungisa umkhondo, ukufumana ulwazi malunga amaxhoba, ukubanceda.
5. Ngaba kufuneka ukuba enze imisebenzi yokuqinisekisa ukuze ukufunyanwa ingcaciso ezibonisa imiqondiso ulwaphulo-mthetho.
6. Ingaba kukho naluphi na ulwazi malunga izenzo musa kuyenza isoyikiso eluntwini ngenxa akabalulekanga yabo.
7. Ngaba imiyalezo ugunyaziso, isicelo kwisakhono imizimba yophando (okanye kufuneka uthunyelwe isifundo / lwezobulungisa lwengingqi / ulawulo).

Njengoko zingundoqo xa kuqwalaselwa imiyalezo 144 Kulungile ye RF CCP yenza amabala ubhaqo wemveliso mthetho.

imisebenzi yokuhlola Okukodwa

Inkqubo eqhelekileyo ukuba ukuqwalaselwa kweengxelo olwaphulo-mthetho ichazwa ngendlela izenzo entsonkothileyo ezilandelelanayo womphandi lokuqala, umphandi, umtshutshisi okanye umphandi. Iqala inqaku 144 koMgaqo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba imiba ephathelele kotshutshiso lwabucala, wafunda ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Noko kwisakhono nomgwebi. Uluhlu lwemisebenzi zokungqinisisa kwenziwa phambi kokuba isigqibo zenkqubo ziya kuthathwa enikwe iiyure. 1 144 nemimiselo Code. Iphawula ithuba ukwenza zophicotho ezithile, itshekhi. Amagatya kuphela amanyathelo bokuphanda uyakuvumela ngaphandle isigqibo malunga ekuqaleni inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho. Ezi ziquka, ingakumbi, kuquka ukuhlolwa ndawo ulwaphulo-mthetho, isabelo lwasenkundleni, iimviwo.

umbutho uvavanyo

Ngokuqhelekileyo, imisebenzi izinto wenziwe ngesantya 144 Code of Criminal Procedure, zibandakanya izenzo ezahlukeneyo, iziqinisekiso kunye namanye amaxwebhu. Ekusebenziseni kwiintshukumo ezilawulwa umthetho laphumeza amagunya amagosa evela kwii-arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho. isangqa yabo iqinile nomthetho ofanelekileyo kumacandelo. Kulo mzekelo, igunya laphumeza ukufumana kumagosa kunye nabemi inkcazelo eyimfuneko. Umbutho lweziganeko test imini nobusuku ngokumalunga nezithuba ezifuna impendulo ekhawulezileyo, abasebenzi ukwenza iiyunithi umsebenzi (ilokhwe, iishifti) ngaphakathi isakhiwo uphando, ukutshutshiswa kunye nophando lokuqala.

abantu abanoxanduva

Kananjalo ubeka Art. 144 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo. Yeyiphi lithetha "umntu onoxanduva umbutho yokuqinisekisa '? Yinto ezisemthethweni, eligunyazisiweyo lokulawula ukuthotyelwa zeziganeko preliminary iimfuneko zomthetho. Ngokuba abenzi bezigqibo ziquka iinkokheli umtshutshisi, uphando lokuqala okanye uphando. Akukhathaliseki nokuba banalo umyalezo buqu, nje kufika kwi imeko secala, okanye ukuhlola ingxelo yonke ingcaciso ayifumene, kuquka ngokunxulumene ziye kuthathwa apho amanyathelo impendulo engxamisekileyo. Le yokugqibela kufuneka iquke:

• Ingcinezelo kunye nokuthintela ulwaphulo-mthetho.
• Ukusekwa kunye ukusukela abarhanelwa kwi "awasukela, athana mbende 'ngenxa lokuvalelwa kwabo.
• Ukusebenza yamanyathelo ezithile bokuphanda ukubethelela ezi zenzo zilandelayo.
• Ukuqaliswa ezithile izicwangciso ukuchonga sakubambezela abarhanelwa , njalo-njalo.

ukuhlola iimpawu

Iqhuba umtshutshisi, umphandi okanye umphandi. Noko ke, amandla kula magosa ukuze yabelwe intloko ligunya elinobuchule okanye isekela lakhe abanye abantu abangabakhe kuyo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo umgangatho woqeqesho lwabo ngokusemthethweni. Oku kuzuzwa ngokwamkela isenzo ezifanelekileyo kunye nolawulo. Amagosa enza ukuqinisekiswa okanye umbutho walo, ngokutsho ingcaciso ekhoyo kumyalezo ndizibikayo impendulo likaxakeka, linobuchule, zinyanzelekile ukuba athathe amanyathelo akhawulezileyo:

1. Ziveza ubungqina ulwaphulo-mthetho.
2. Nokupheliswa izenzo.
3. Nitrogen kunye nokulondolozwa imizila kunye nobungqina efuna nokususwa, ulwamkeleko kunye nophando.
4. Ukuqhuba amanyathelo kunye neendlela zokusebenza ukusekwa kunye nokuvalelwa "awasukela, athana mbende", okanye isenzo abemi abenza okanye benze ulwaphulo-mthetho.

Amanyathelo wasabela kwingcaciso ngoku kumyalezo, kwakunye iziphumo zabo ingxelo uyintloko yomzimba efanelekileyo okanye umtshutshisi ukuba amalungiselelo eminye tyala. Le nkqubo kufuneka yenziwe kwixesha elifutshane (emini).

Inqaku 144 lomGaqo weNkqubo yoLwaphulo: uphawu

Esi sibonelelo kucingelwa ukuba yenye yezona voluminous kwisahluko 19 kweKhowudi. Inqaku 144 lomGaqo weNkqubo yoLwaphulo, njengokuba kuthiwe, ukuba umfanekiso iingxelo (imiyalezo) malunga nomthetho, ezinye iindlela ukuphunyezwa kwayo ukuphunyezwa kunye nenkqubo. Ngelo xesha Kuqhelekile beka: ubude kweli nqanaba ekuqaleni imveliso, imida kunye nenkqubo ngenxa yokwanda, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana neemfuno zomthetho kunye namanye amagatya enkqubo. Noko ke, asingabo bonke ababhali sinikele ingqalelo ngenxa kakuhle eli amalungiselelo, aba bakhoyo kweli nqaku. 144 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo. Ngokukodwa, kukho ingcaciso encinane imiba ephathelele amaqumrhu ogunyazisiweyo ukwamkela isigidimi. Uyacetyiswa ukuba ukunyamekele iinkcukacha ngakumbi.

Umyalezo / ingxelo

Art. 144 Code of Criminal Procedure kwinxalenye yokuqala izibonelelo mthetho zenkqubo icacisa ngandlel ngokwesigqibo esicalanye. Kuyo, hilaha ku h. 2 no-3 wakhankanya Igqwetha umphandi kunye nogwali yophando. Kulo mba, ababhali abaninzi izimvo ukuya nqaku. 144, 145 of the Code umda uluhlu zizenzo lifezekisa amaqumrhu achaphazelekayo idwelisiweyo. Kodwa abanye bathi onke amagosa ukubayinxalenye nabasebenzi arhente zokunyanzelisa umthetho, njengoko umqeshwa obekwa umsebenzi yokwenza ingxelo / umyalezo. Ngelo xesha, la magunya unikwe nje kuphela abantu adweliswe kwimithetho 144, 145 koMgaqo, kodwa ke asingawo onke amagosa nokunyanzeliswa komthetho. Yamkela ilungelo isicelo / umyalezo nembopheleleko kuphela umntu kabani ubuchule iquka excitation leenkqubo mthetho.

nabasebenzi abagunyazisiweyo

Ukongeza abantu kuluhlu udidi 144 Code of Criminal Procedure, phantsi kweemeko ezithile, egunyaziswe ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo zolwaphulo-mthetho kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukuba ukwamkela umyalezo / ingxelo inokuba (kufuneka) ibe yintloko qembu okanye intloko yesebe yophando. Njengoko omnye wemiqathango kulo mzekelo izenzo kwiGqwetha anikwe imvume. Team Leader liya kuba nelungelo ukukhulula ityala lolwaphulo kwimeko neekqubo eyahlukileyo. Umyalelo yale nkqubo ilungiswe Art. 153-155 Code. Oku kubonisa ukuba intloko amagunya yaye ekwenzeni yeshishini kwimeko neekqubo eyahlukileyo ukwenza uphando lokuqala kwakhona ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho, kwakunye nobuso. Esi sigqibo, ngokungqinelana ne Art. 154 hr. 3 ingenakuthatyathwa ngaphandle excitation ngaxeshanye ityala.

Umsebenzi we iqela bokuphanda

Umbuzo amagunya ayo kuhlala elawula namhlanje. ilungelo lakhe elivunyelweyo intsingiselo imithetho 144, 145 koMgaqo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba kuzo zonke iimeko apho ilungu leqela bokuphanda baphathwa kunye neengxelo ahambelanayo / iingxelo, kucetyiswa ukuba athathe amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke ingcaciso ayifumene phezu kwentloko yaziwa. Oku kwenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba amandla ukuba zithathele ingqalelo le ngcaciso nasekuphumezeni iitshekhi preliminary ziye amagunya umqeshwa okanye zabanjwa inxaxheba inkulu.

oogunyaziwe bezomthetho

Abanye ababhali zibonisa ukuba ingqiqo umsebenzi ukubayinxalenye abasebenzi kwezi zakhiwo mikhulu kakhulu ukulusebenzisa-ntonye kudidi labantu zinyanzelekile ukuba ukwamkela umyalezo / ingxelo malunga nolwaphulo-mthetho. ukuthotyelwa komthetho umnxeba kwiziko (kwaye kwezinye iimeko, umqeshwa - nomgwebi, umphandi okanye abantu bendalo, ukuba abemi noncedo lwasemthethweni), apho ngokomthetho unelungelo nembopheleleko ukukhusela umdla, amalungelo kunye nenkululeko abantu kunye nemibutho, amacandelo karhulumente, oomasipala, ukugcina umthetho nocwangco kwaye semthethweni.

into ebaluleke

imiyalezo ngetsheki lokuqala / iingxelo malunga ulwaphulo-mthetho lwenziwa ngokusebenzisa amaqhinga yenkqubo. Kunye nabo, iyasetyenziswa iziphumo uphazamiseko kuthetha inxaxheba kule nkqubo. Kwezinye editions lubonisa ukuba uqinisekise i isizathu ekuqaleni yemveliso lwenziwa ngokwemiqathango echazwe kule migangatho Codex 87th, ekubeni uninzi lwabasebenzi waqonda admissibility kobungqina kwinqanaba lwetyala yolwaluko.

Ukuxela ulwaphulo

Lo mqondo sikude ekubeni inqaku elinye (144, 145 of the Code). Elithetha "ingxelo ulwaphulo-mthetho?" Eli gama lisetyenziswa kwi imimiselo imilinganiselo ezintathu.

1. Kwiindawo 1 no-5 imigangatho 144 Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation ingxelo ulwaphulo-mthetho uthathwa ukuba nje kuphela kube ekuqaleni imveliso, kodwa nayo nayiphi na enye. Le yokugqibela, ngokukodwa, kuquka isivumo kunye ingxelo.
2. Icandelo 2 Inqaku 144 ibhekisela kuphela uhlobo oluthile lomyalezo malunga esondelayo okanye sele isenzo okungalunganga zivela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo. Ngokuhambelana noMthetho 143 walungiselela ingxelo ekuchongweni ubungqina bokuba kukho ulwaphulo-mthetho.
3. Inxalenye ezine Art. 144 ingxelo malunga nolwaphulo-ebizwa ingxelo - isizathu sokuba ekuqaleni iingxoxo phantsi Art. 140 no 141.

ukwengeza

Ukukhangela nge simangalo setyala lolwaphulo kuthetha ukuba ukwenziwa ngokuphathelele nasiphi na isizathu ukuba aqalise inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho. Igama elithi yale nkqubo iya kubalwa ukusuka kulaa mhla wokufunyanwa yokuqala ingcaciso efanelekileyo malunga izimisele ezayo okanye ulwaphulo-mthetho emzimbeni yophando, ilungu okanye intloko iqela bokuphanda, umtshutshisi kunye nabanye abantu abagunyazisiweyo ekubhekiswa kuyo ngentla. Kulo mzekelo kufuneka siqulathe imiqondiso kwinjongo yolwaphulo-mthetho, kunye ukubaluleka yenkqubo.

terms of reference

Yintoni enye uxelela ISiqendu 144 (145) Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo? Khankanya ukuba abasemagunyeni abanobuchule Bothabatha umyalezo, khangela ze athathe isigqibo yenkqubo. imida ulwazi emisela ukuba nje kuphela ilungelo lokuthatha amanyathelo kodwa ithuba pre-uvavanyo. Ngenxa yoko, Article 144 (145) Code of Criminal Procedure akavumi ekwenzeni le misebenzi ngabantu ezingagunyaziswanga ekuqaleni kwenkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho.

izisombululo

Iziganeko phantsi Art. 144, 145 koMgaqo, yenziwa phezu umyalelo othile. Ngoko ke, ngokutsho iziphumo kwangaphambi intloko test yomzimba uphando, umphandi okanye omnye umntu ogunyazisiweyo uphethe esinye kwezi zilandelayo:

1. Uyala angamtshutshisi.
2. Ithumela umyalezo kolawulo phantsi Art. 151 koMgaqo, yaye iingxelo ze kotshutshiso lwabucala - enkundleni.
3. Zisa iinkqubo.

Isisombululo ukuba kwamkelwa, umntu ogunyazisiweyo liza kwazisa umenzi-sicelo. Kulo mzekelo, i yokugqibela kufuneka icaciswe, kwaye ilungelo lokubhena umyalo mngeni. Phakathi intsingiselo imithetho 144, 145 koMgaqo, xa kugqityiwe ukutshintshela izinto kwenye igunya bokuphanda okanye eyenkundla, abantu abagunyazisiweyo kufuneka aqinisekise ulondolozo imikhondo ulwaphulo-mthetho.