Isiqithi saseKant: imbali kunye neendwendwe

Phakathi komlambo i-Pregel, entliziyweni yeKaliningrad, kufuphi nesiqithi se-Oktobha sisiqithi saseKant. Ngaphambili, ibizwa ngokuba yiKnaiphof. Yenziwe ngamacandelo amabini omlambo ongentla. Ukususela kwinkulungwane ye-XIV, nantsi enye yezindlu ezintathu ezakha iKoenigsberg.

Esi siqithi sinezinto ezintle ezintle kwaye ezikhangayo, eziphambili phakathi kwazo ezinokuthiwa yiCathehedral kunye nengcwaba yefilosofi eyaziwayo emhlabeni. Ngozuko lwenzululwazi enkulu kule ndawo waza wafumana igama layo. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba isiganeko senzeke, i-atoll yafumana iziganeko ezininzi kunye negama.

Peripetias negama

Isiqithi samanje saseKant sasiye sakha igama elithi Kneiphof, ukusuka kwisiJamani seKneiphof. Kwaye kwakhiwa igama elivela kwigama lamaPrussia elithi knypabe, eliguqulela njengelungezwe ngumlambo, amanzi. Ngaphambi kokuba kuvele indawo yokuhlala yokuqala kwi-atoll, yayinegama elithi Vogtswerder, elalivela kwi-Vogtswerder yaseJamani, eyayivela kuVogt, Vogt - ephethe umthwalo apho wayehlala khona kunye noWerder, okwenziwa ngesiRashiya njengesiqithi somlambo. Ngomhla we-1327 ikhontrakthi ikhishwe, ngokubhekiselele kuyo ukuhlala kweqithi kwanikwa amalungelo omzi. Kwaye ngelo xesha i-settlement yaqanjwa ngokuthi iKnipaw.

Kakade ngo-1333 isiqithi saseKant siphinde sithathe igama elitsha Pregelmunde, isandi ngeJamani, njenge-Pregelmünde. Amagama aseJamani e-Pregel (Pregel) kunye neMündung abenegalelo ekudalweni kweli gama, ekuguquleleni lithetha umlomo. Kodwa eli gama lalingagqitywanga, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe igama elithi "Kneiphof", eliye lalinganayo nelidlulileyo, lathande.

Ukuphuhliswa kwesi siqithi

I-Kneiphof (ngoku isiqithi saseKant) inendawo enkulu kakhulu. Yakhiwe kwintlupheko yeendlela zokurhweba komhlaba kunye namanzi. Ngoko ke, ukususela ekuqaleni kwayo, iye yaphuhliswa njengeziko lokuhamba nokuthengisa. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlulileyo, i-atoll yayakhiwe ngokwaneleyo, kwaye amabhuloho amahlanu adibanisa nomhlaba. Kwakukho neyinkalo enomdla ngokuphathelele ezi ziyilo: kwakuyimisebenzi malunga neebhanti ezisixhenxe zedolophu yaseKoenigsberg. Kwakukhutshwa ngumdumi owaziwayo uLeonard Euler. Wabonisa ukuba akunakwenzeka ukudlula kuwo onke amabhuloho, ukuba awudluli kabini kubo. Lo mzekelo wawusebenza njengesiqalo somxholo wegrafu.

Ngowe-1944, isiqithi saseKant (iKaliningrad) sineendlela ezili-28, izindlu ezingama-304, iCathhedral kunye neHolo laseKapa. Amatram agijima kwisixeko. Kodwa ukuqhunyiswa kwebhomu yaseBrithani okwenzeka ngo-Agasti 1944 kwakuphantse kutshabalalise isakhiwo sembali sesiqhelo. Kuphela i-cathedral ikwazi ukuhlala inxalenye. Kwiminyaka emva emva kwemfazwe, amanxiwa esi sixeko adilizwa kwizitena, ezithunyelwa ngamabhaji ukuya ekuvuseleleni uLeningrad.

Ekuqaleni kwee-1970, ibhuloho eyayiwela ngaphaya kwe-atoll, eyaba yinto ehamba phambili yeethutri zokuthutha kuzo zonke i-Kaliningrad. Ukuzama ukuxhobisa intsimi, eyayikufuphi nebhuloho, kwisiqithi esabekwa iCape Sculpture kwaye yaphula i-arboretum. I-cathedral yavuselelwa kuphela ngo-1998. Le nto yaba yikhadi lokutyelela kunye neyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ekutyekisweni kwezokhenketho. Kuzo zindonga zeli bandla ukuba umntu ohlala e-Koenigsberg owaziwayo, onguchwepheshe wefilosofi kunye nomcingisi uEmmanuel Kant, ungcwatywe .

Umhlaba obalaseleyo

Kukholelwa ukuba i-kedareli kwisiqithi saseKant (Kaliningrad) yaqala ukwakha ngo-1333. Emva koko, lo mhla ubhalwe kwimozulu ye-North Tower. Umbhishophu wendawo wavunyelwa yi-Teutonic Order yokwakha i-cathedral entsha kwisiqithi saseKneiphof xa kwacaca ukuba ibandla elidala lamaLuthela lalingenakukwazi ukuhlala kuzo zonke iindawo zonqulo. Ukwakhiwa kwetempile kwahlala iminyaka engama-80. Ekuqaleni, kwacetywa ukuba inqaba yesikhungo yayiza kwakhiwa, kodwa emva kweminyaka emihlanu emva kokuqalisa imisebenzi yokwakha izicwangciso zatshintshile, ezinye iinguqu zenziwa kwiprojekti kwaye i-cathedral yaqala ukumiselwa njengesakhiwo senkcubeko kuphela.

ICathhedral evela ngaphakathi

Ukuba uhlala kwisiqithi saseKant, i-cathedral ngokuqinisekileyo iyafaneleka. Namhlanje, kunjalo, akusebenzi, kwaye iinkonzo ziqhutyelwa kuphela kwiintlanganiso zevangeli kunye ne-orthodox ezikhoyo ngaphakathi kweso sikhungo. Zonke ezinye iCathhedral zixhotywe ngehholo lekhonsathi kunye neyamyuziyamu. Ubungakanani obukhulu behholo lekhonsathi kumgangatho wokuqala. Inomnye wamalungu amakhulu kwiYurophu. Kwimihla endala, umdlali weendaba uHoffmann wayidlala.

Ukunyuka kwitepiksi yokujikeleza, ungabona umboniso wemyuziyamu owodwa onikezelwe ku-Emmanuel Kant.

Isitopu seZakhiwo - enye inqabileyo yesiqithi

Isiqithi saseKant (iKaliningrad) sidume ngokupaka ngokuqhelekileyo. Itholakala kwicala lasentshonalanga ye-atoll kwaye luhlobo oluthile lokungcebeleka kwembali. Kukho uphawu oluphawulekayo ukususela ngo-1984. Ukuqoqwa kwepaki ineemifanekiso ezingama-30, phakathi kwazo zikhona iziseko zokuhamba kwamanani eenkcubeko - abaqambi, ababhali kunye neebongozi, babumbene nomxholo othi "Indoda nehlabathi".

Inzala epakini ibangelwa izityalo ezikhulayo apha. Kuyi-1030 iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezihlahla nezihlahla.