Isikolo Solovetsky Yayiqala imbali Navy yiSoviet, alumni, memory

Ulutsha vests ityuwa, kunye kwaneso iqinelwa kunye nemikhwa abanamava abantu ... Jung - uhlobo lwe uphawu zaphakade kunye inviolability izithethe aselwandle. Ukuba ungumfana, ndilungele ukuba aphume kumgangatho lidangazela umlilo, ngoko - imikhumbi ukuba!

Kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku liza kujolisa esikolweni Solovki Jung, imbali yeli ziko, indalo yayo, abafundi kunye memory.

abafundi Petrovs

wabonakala phantse ngaxeshanye yabahamba inkwenkwe eRashiya, ndawonye nesinqanawa - ngo-1707 Pet Veliky waseka isikolo yokuqala kweli lizwe, apho baqeqeshiwe oomatiloshe ulutsha. Esi sikolo amandla Kronstadt, kodwa hayi ixesha elide. Ke kwabakho kwisikolo efanayo esikolweni Nomqhubi, kwaye zenziwe iinzame ngo-1912 ukubuyisela iziko Kronstadt.

Isizathu sokuba nokusekwa kwezikolo ezinjalo (endleleni, ixesha elide, igama ebhaliweyo nokunyhashwa igrama Russian - "yungov isikolo" kuba eli gama "ndlwana boy" imvelaphi Dutch) - imfuneko ukubonelela ngoqeqesho elizayo babebhala. Matiloshe kwakufuneka bekwazile kwaye bakwazi ngaphezulu kakhulu lijoni, nokulungiselela oomatiloshe kakuhle kwamalungu okanye conscripts akazange lula - wachitha ixesha elininzi.

Urhulumente waseSoviet kwakhona uyayiqonda le, kwaye ngo-1940 kumisa amakhwenkwe zesikolo yakhe ngomhla kwisiqithi Valaam. Ewe, nje ukuba bafumane uqeqesho elungileyo abafundi bakhe abazange babe nexesha - imfazwe akazange alinde kubo. Yintoni indima amakhwenkwe isikolo Solovki kaThixo? Oku kuza kuxutyushwa ngakumbi.

abafo indawo

Valaam endlwaneni inkwenkwe babulawa, phantse bonke (yabantu 200 abahlala akukho ngaphezu kokuba elinesibini), uyawalwela ebizwa ngokuba "Nevsky Spot". Baye bazibonakalisa ukuba namaqhawe ahloniphekileyo namaqhawe, kodwa kuzaliseke injongo yakhe ephambili - belungazi ichibi yayitalente Navy. Ke ingxaki ikhula ngokukhawuleza - kwiminyaka imfazwe yokuqala abanamava oomatrose babulawa endle, kwaye endaweni yazo kwamalungu abasuka kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, zange ndabona ulwandle, kwakungenakwenzeka. abaviwa okulungileyo abafundileyo ngaphantsi - abazange bakwazi ukumelana ngobugcisa nqanawa kunokuba ezintsonkothileyo.

Iinqanawa sa ngaphambili bakhonza ancedisayo, kodwa nayo iqashiso umhlwa, kwaye bugcisa Kwakumi ngxi. Kubuthwa, uninzi lwabo sele kakuhle engamashumi amathathu, ayikwazanga siyakuqwalaselwa iingcali oomatiloshe yinxalenye. Kukho imfuneko ukwenza isikolo esitsha uqeqesho oomatiloshe nezingasetyenziswa kwimfazwe ukumelana noomatshini inqanawa leyo.

ummiselo Admiral ngokuphathelele ekusekweni kwesikolo

Isigqibo engqinelana nayo yenziwa yi-USSR Abantu Commissar of the Navy, Admiral NG Kuznetsov. Igama layo emva kwakhe ngoku odumileyo kakhulu Russian carrier moya, wenza iphulo kutshanje kunxweme waseSiriya. May 25, 1942, Admiral utyikitye umthetho malunga nokusekwa amakhwenkwe yesikolo i-Solovetsky Islands.

Lesakhiwo ukulungiselela abantu ukuba amakhono ibalulekileyo lemfazwe: Abaququzeleli irediyo, signalers, steering, zombane, oomatshini kunye Navy Boatswain.

Solovki baba lula ngenxa yezizathu eziliqela - kufutshane kwindawo lwemisebenzi yokulwa, kwaye ekhuselekileyo kakhulu, noseko zobugcisa iintlobo kwakukho, kunye nezakhiwo eMonastri Okwakusakuba ngokulula aguqulelwe okufundela yinqubo. Unyaka wokufunda zicwangciselwe ukuqala Septemba 1st - ngaloo ndlela waba ixesha lokwenza umzobo up iinkqubo zengqesho iphulo lokuvula kunye. amavolontiya ziqashe ukuba kuphela ngokusebenzisa Komsomol mbutho. Noko ke, Admiral N. G. Kuznetsov lubonisa gca ngaphandle ukuze yayo ukuba abafundi ukuze babe ngamalungu Komsomol.

Violators weNkomfa Geneva

Ndimele ndithi, abaninzi zabagqatswa kule ndlwana mfanyana eli lungiselelo Admiral yinqobo kuye. Nangona ngokusesikweni isikolo aqeshwa elivisayo iminyaka 15-16, kodwa phantse kwaoko egoso ezahlukeneyo kwakukho kabini, ngeliphandle abakhange uwagqibile amashumi Komsomol. Kwimeko kwemfazwe kwakukho amatyala amaninzi ilahleko okanye umonakalo amaxwebhu nokungqinisisa idatha kungelula. Mncinane Solovetsky cabin inkwenkwe ngexesha lokungena phando kuphela ... kweminyaka eli-11!

Ewe, beka ekharejini-inkwenkwe amakhwenkwe oneminyaka eli-15 ubudala (yaye kamva ngonyaka bathunyelwa ukuba bakhonze!) Ngaba kuchasene ngokucacileyo nemigangatho ka-Geneva Convention elinikelayo lithintela ukusetyenziswa kwenkonzo rhoqo emkhosini abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala. Kodwa ezi zenzo ngokupheleleyo ngokuhambelana nezithethe yokuziphatha kunye noluntu-ngokomoya ulutsha yiSoviet ngexesha lemfazwe.

amakhwenkwe Soviet wayesazi ukuba qiniseka; kuyimfuneko ukuba ukubetha fascists ukuba intshabalalo yayo epheleleyo! Kodwa ke ubukho leNgqungquthela Geneva, uninzi lwabo Yayingazi yaye akazange afune ukuba. Abo bantwana eSoviet Union, leyo ezitshintshiweyo entsha zokundwendwela unyaka wokuzalwa 1925 ukuya 1923, ukuze ngokukhawuleza ukuya phambili, okanye iminyaka eli-11, wafunga ukuba babe 15 umgangatho ezahlukeneyo eziphambili kulungile ukuba ukukhulisa umntwana - umnqweno ukuba abantu abadala ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Kwaye zikhula ukuba basiqonda - njengokuba uxanduva, umsebenzi kunye nomsebenzi.

ukhuphiswano Ekusondeleni

Kunye nolutsha USSR waba kakhulu! Ngokwabo yangaphambili umfana cabin wandixelela ukuba, umzekelo, eMoscow, kunye nemiyalelo ukuthunyelwa elinezihlalo 500 onesethi yokuqala yamaxwebhu kweentsuku ezimbalwa izicelo 3,500 zangeniswa.

Noko ke, okhethiweyo ngokungqongqo. Lemposiso - bacinga ukuba izikolo Suvorov okanye abalandeli esikolweni ngethuba lemfazwe wathumela kuphela abangenamakhaya. Ngoko ke, kwakukho, kodwa kuphela abo bantwana vagrant, ukuba nje ayifakwanga zibandakanyeke ulwaphulo-mthetho. qho, abaviwa babe ngabasebenzi amadodana luqalile amancinci kunye noonyana regiments, kwakunye nabantwana bamajoni ongasekhoyo.

Bekufanele ukuba imfundo neeklasi ezi-6 (ezithile zobuqili wakwazi ukufumana le mthetho) kunye nempilo entle (kwaba nzima ngakumbi apho - uthumo yonyango "lusongelweyo" of ezininzi). We wabafundisa ukusuka kwiinyanga-9 ukuya kwi-11, kukhulu kakhulu, kwaye le nkqubo yayiquka kuphela ingqeqesho zobungcali, kodwa ke ulwimi Russian, kwimathematika, isayensi. Nokuba abaqalise esikolweni sidanise izithethe intle zithuthi Russian (okunomnyinyivane yokuba of abakuqeqesho nangoku ukukhula abathetheli - ukukwazi ukuba ukudanisa yayigqalwa inyanzelekile ukuba "ekunene" sodluliselo kwigosa yomkhosi wamanzi). ulutsha abaqeqeshiweyo uba italente pool exabisekileyo ngokwenene.

amagqala Ikhowudi Yayiqala isikolo

Yayiqala zesikolo Solovetsky lwaphela livelise iintlelo 5 (3 ngexesha lemfazwe, no-2 emva kokuba igqityiwe - aba bafundi becala kuthunyelwa leenqanawa, ecacileyo sam elwandle). Kamva, isikolo yadluliselwa Kronstadt, kunye Solovki cabin inkwenkwe ophele ngowama - kwakukho Kronstadt.

School Solovki Yayiqala ngexesha lemfazwe, ikhuphe abantu 4111, emva koko wakhonza bonke azinakulawuleka (asasazwa ngokungqongqo ngenxa imfuneko). Phantse 1000 angu akazange abuyele ekhaya, silinike ubomi ukuziphendulela lokhokho. Inkoliso yabo abasebenzisi kanomathotholo, kodwa lithe eliqela, ngogesi zokudubula. Yaba steering, signalers kunye nabameli bamanye amakhono zaselwandle.

Amaxesha amaninzi iinqanawa abanezidanga amakhwenkwe zesikolo Solovki saba mhlawumbi amalungu eqela kakhulu ngabantu abafundileyo kwaye baqeqeshwe (kwempixano kunye nabasebenzi baqhubeka de ekupheleni kwemfazwe). Kule meko, imeko ngamazwi - inkwenkwana eneminyaka eli-16-17 ubudala ivele indima abaqeqeshi kunye neenkokeli umalume oneminyaka engama-40 ubudala. Kakade ke, abazange ukulibala ukukhumbuza yungam ngaphantsi, kodwa khona ngomoya omhle. Nangona kunjalo, le conscripts abadala babesakhunjulwa kakuhle yephulo lokuphelisa nokubhala abantu abadala, xa ootitshala noomawokhulu, kakhulu, baba ngoovulindlela unyaka-10 ubudala. Ngoko oomatiloshe Soviet ziqondwa kakuhle: intsha - akuthethi nolwazi kancinci.

We imbasa kwabo ngokuqhutywa yintliziyo kakhulu, kodwa nomvuzo. owaphumelela Solovetsky V. Moiseenko ngo-1945 yanikwa kwisihloko Hero eSoviet Union. Sasa Kovalev (! Ukuba kwakungekho nkqu Alexander - Sasha) Ukuba IMbasa Red Star and iMfazwe Yehlabathi II; ezininzi zaye zanikwa iimedali. Kodwa ukuqondwa emva ityala engazange asungule. Kude 1985 Solovki ndlwana mfana zange kuqwalaselwa nkqu nxaxheba Enkulu Patriotic War! Kubekho lokufihla ngabom into yokwamkela yesifungo zomkhosi (mhlawumbi ityala bonke efanayo Geneva Convention, ukusuka apho kuyimfuneko ukuba ukufihla iminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu wakubathetheli). Ukunyamezela Kuphela kaMarshal Akhromeeva kuvunyelwa ukuba alungise ingxaki.

Kodwa memory baqhubeka ngaphandle kokujonga tape nemithetho ebomvu. Sele 1972 (engama-30 zesikolo) yaqala ukubonakala yezikhumbuzo lokuqala makhwenkwe ukusuka Solovki, kwaye iye yaba kwindibano yemveli yangaphambili abakuqeqesho.

ubuzalwane enemisebenzi

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba phakathi abakuqeqesho abasindayo imfazwe, ukuba baninzi abantu multi-abanetalente, abaninzi baye baphumelela ngeendlela amakhono.

Vladimir Korobov, Yu Pandorin kunye nobomi yonke N. Usenko wabopha ndawonye nesinqanawa, ndibathuma ndivuka ngokulandelelana ukuya Admiral, Admiral yangasemva kunye Captain 2 erenkini. Ezi oomatiloshe ezintathu emva kwemfazwe wafumana itayitile Hero eSoviet Union phantsi kweemeko ezahlukileyo. nezinye alumni abane zanikwa Star of Hero of Socialist Yabasebenzi.

I. K. Peretruhin wakhetha emkhosini kwenye indawo - yaba wayeligosa counterintelligence. Wazibonakalisa inkwenkwe ekharejini ndaze abo baye bagqiba ukutshintsha imilo isiciko yakhe isuti umphakathi. BT Shtokolov kwamenza kwisihloko Artist Abantu ngayo USSR - nto yaba opera imvumi edumileyo, imigca bass ophambili. V. V. Leonov iye obekade yentlaninge bhanya; Ukongeza, waba Bard, umdlali engahlawulwayo iingoma zakhe. GN Matyushin wawalwela zokulondolozwa kwembali ilizwe lokuzalwa kwakhe ngamandla njengoko awukhusele utshaba - archeologists wafumana itayitile academician. VG Guzanov babhala amaphepha iimovie neencwadi; Kwakhona wenza lukhulu ukuseka ubudlelwane zenkcubeko Russian-Japanese, yathatyathwa izifundo zobungcali Japanese. Ezinye zeencwadi zakhe, nâzo Japanese.

Kodwa ke eyona eyaziwa ngokubanzi unawo omnye bobubi ezimbi kakhulu i-Convention Geneva. Valentin Savich Pikul xa ungena kunyaka wesikolo Solovetsky kubalelwa kuye. Kwafuneka ukuba ithwalwe ngazo ukulwa umsebenzi, kodwa isiphelo lenjoli - nomatiloshe oselula sasinda. Kamva V. S. Pikul indumasi mhlawumbi umbhali idumileyo Soviet kwaye Russian ngokukodwa iinoveli zembali. abafundi Soviet (ngokubanzi mhle uncwadi elungileyo) ayexhasa iincwadi zakhe efolisiweyo kwaza kwaveliswa ngenxa wena ku oomatshini bokuchwetheza. Ngelo xesha phantse isiqingatha iinoveli Pikul indlela okanye omnye, kodwa enxulumene nomxholo zaselwandle.

Incwadi malunga Boys amakhwenkwe isikolo Solovki kaThixo 'ngeentolo "

Musa ukulibala umbhali kunye nolutsha yakhe ovuthuvuthuzayo Solovki. wanikezela inoveli "Abafana ngeentolo 'ukuba namaqabane bakhe amakhwenkwe lesikolo kunye ikamva labo ukuxakeka. Wachaza ubomi nokwenzeka lwesikolo Solovki izidanga zayo ngezenzo zabo VG Guzanov.

Ukuba le misebenzi zangaphambili abakuqeqesho ziincwadi akuguquki ngokuphila, kukho ithandwa kwaye ukuba kuziswe ulutsha imini memory langoku malunga ukubaxhaphaza oontanga. Kwincwadi ethi "Ulwandle azibize anesibindi" zinganikwa umzekelo. Kuyamangalisa ukuba epapashwe Yaroslavl - Yaroslavl apho, yaye apho Solovki!

Imbali kwi Solovki abakuqeqesho zesikolo lwabonakala bhanyabhanya eSoviet - umboniso ezisekelwe kuyo, "Northern Fleet Young" yathathwa.

Memory ngamatye yesikolo odumileyo

Le izinto ngamandla kwakhona ugcina feat ofanele Amaqhawe abaselula zangaphantsi. I lesikhumbuzo yokuqala ukuvela Solovki imbeko engama-30 sezidube yesikolo. owayesakuba umfana wakhe cabin zazizakhele, bebodwa, ngeendleko zabo.

Kamva, emva kokuba ukwamkelwa ngokusesikweni Solovki Jung amagqala kweMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, ukuba ziyaqhubeka ukukhunjulwa kwabo wachaphazeleka ngurhulumente kunye noluntu ngokubanzi. EMoscow ngo-1995, kwakukho ummandla Solovki abakuqeqesho. Ngowe-1993, kukho isi- oomatiloshe oselula ebekwe phezu chibi phaya kuMntla Dvina, kwaye ngowama-2005 - on igama kummandla wabo imbeko (kuzo zombini iimeko, umbhali wathetha nomkroli F. Sogayan).

Kodwa lesikhumbuzo umdla oma eyadini sesinye sezikolo Moscow (ngoku - "nkqo" yokuzilolonga). Wabonakala ngo-1988, kunye nombhali projekthi nayo iziqu Solovetsky - artist E. N. goryachev. School eMoscow waduma ngenxa yokuba wadala imyuziyam yokuqala abakuqeqesho Solovetsky eli lizwe - encediswa amagqala ngokwabo nehlombe katitshala nabafundi bakhe. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba indima ebalulekileyo kumbutho wakhe wadlala Komsomol - Communist Youth Union bazibandakanya kuphela in ze, kodwa kwakhona (ukuba kakhulu) imfundo yokuziphatha yobuzwe. Museum wabonakala ngowe-1983, yaye de 2012 ukuba ekhokelwa Captain 1st Rank (RET) N. V. Osokin - yangaphambili Solovetsky Jung.

"Andizange ndicinge, amaqabane, ukuba imyuziyam yungah vula", - wabhala kulo Bard sihlandlo V. Leonov. Imibongo yakhe waba Isaci kweli ziko ezizodwa.

Happy Usuku, amaqabane!

Ngowe-2017, iminyaka eyi-75 Solovki abakuqeqesho zesikolo. Imibhiyozo ngalo mbandela zabanjwa eMoscow, Arkhangelsk kwaye, kakade, xa Solovki. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ziyahlelwa abafundi zangaphambili (13 of ngoku bahlala arhangelogorodschine) kunye sisikolo ngokwaso Solovetsky Arkhangelsk Jung kunye nobunkokheli bakhe unomdla kakhulu. Emkhosini esinyanisekileyo yabamba intlanganiso yemveli zokubhiyizela uMdyarho ye baphumeleleyo eseleyo. ulawulo lommandla baqala ukuthetha ngemfuneko ukwenza e Solovki myuziyam kunye nesikhumbuzo.

Ngokwenene - Solovetsky Islands, babehlala apho amakhwenkwe yesikolo, kufuneka ube neentloni ukuba nkalo ke wamnika igunya eMoscow. Ingakumbi ngoku ukuba neenkokheli yangoku weemonki Solovetsky bobabo inyathelo ukwenza Jung Museum ngokuqonda kunye nenkxaso. Kuba isizathu kakuhle iimonki uyavuma ukuba "ukuhamba" encinane kunye nokunika nayiphi na uncedo kumsebenzi yenzululwazi kunye lombutho.

Yaye nokuba kwakhona kwaye sisikolo ngokwaso. UMongameli Russia wathumela kunikezo ukudlulisela Solovki ezinye izakhiwo Marine yeCadet lweSizwe kwakhona kwi kwiinkundla Russian baba zobugorha Solovki ikhabhathi boy. Ngubani owaziyo. Mhlawumbi ibali abakuqeqesho zesikolo Solovetsky odumileyo ayikho ngaphezu ...