Ipeyinti Dali "Isivivinyo sikaSt. Anthony"

Ngozuko lweSt. Anthony lubhala ezininzi iincwadi, zenziwe ngepeyinti ezingenakubalwa. Le ndawo yayiyikholo elikhulu. U-Anthony usenxusa abantu ukuba bafumane ukholo lukaThixo baze balahle izenzo zesono.

Ngubani lo?

USt. Anthony Omkhulu wayengummemezeli, ongcwele ongumKristu. Wazalelwa eNtshonalanga yeYiputa kwintsapho ecebileyo. Emva kokufa kwabazali bakhe, wanika ihlwempu yakhe impahla, waza waya entlango yaseYiputa, apho wayehlala khona yedwa iminyaka, ethandaza aze acamngce. Ubhekwa njengumsekeli wendlela yokuphila yobomi.

Kanye eYurophu kwakukho ubhubhane obubi lwe-erysipelas, izigulana zancenga amayeza, zibiza igama elithi Antony, ngoko isifo saziwa ngokuba ngu-Antonov umlilo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo i-hermit iboniswa njengendoda endala elaligqoke ingubo yengubo yomloki nesambatho. Esandleni sakhe unobumba obudala obunomthi kunye neentsimbi. Ekufuphi kukho ihlala ihagu, njengamaxesha e-medix-i-Antoniya yanyusa ezi zilwanyana, kwaye ioli yayisetyenziswa njengelinye isifo esiphathelene nesifo "u-Antonov umlilo." Ngamanye amaxesha intsimbi ibonakaliswe entanyeni yengulube, kuba izilwanyana zaseparishi zabazalwana zazinelungelo lokudla kwiidlelo ezikhethekileyo, intsimbi yayivelele kwabanye.

I zilingo

Njengamanye amaninzi amaninzi, uSt. Anthony wayezibonela ngezihlandlo - oku kubangelwa indlela yokuphila kwintlango ekhohlakeleyo. Ubomi bengenamanzi okwaneleyo, ukutya kunye nokunxibelelana kubangela ifu lokuqiqa. Kwizobugcisa obuhle, abaculi bavakaliswa kwimifanekiso yabo yesilingo sikaSt. Anthony ngeendlela ezimbini:

1. Oyingcwele onokutshatyalaliswa yiidemon ezibuhlungu.
2. Imibono enobungqungquthela obuthathaka.

Iidemon ziyiphambukela kwindawo yakhe yokuhlala, ngamanye amaxesha zibonakaliswa ngokukhawuleza kwezilwanyana kunye nezilo zasendle, zihlambalaza inyama yenyama. Kodwa ngokukhawuleza ukukhanya kukaThixo kubonakala, onke amandla angcolileyo ayanyamalala ebumnyameni kwaye ukulingwa kukaSt. Anthony kuyaphela.

Abaculi bahlala bexhalabele ngale ngqungquthela yokukhohlisa. Kwimifanekiso yokuqala yobuNtshintsho kwili bali, abafazi babonakaliswe kwiingubo, kodwa baneempondo, ezibakhumbuza ukuba zivela kwimidemon. Kwiminyaka ye-XVI, abafazi sele beqala ukukrazula. Kuzo mifanekiso i-hermit ibangela umzabalazo onamandla kunye nomnqweno wenyama, uzama ukugxotha iinzame zakhe ezinomdla kunye nomthandazo.

Umfanekiso kaSalvador Dali waba njani?

Umfanekiso kaSalvador Dalí wazalwa ngokubonga ngomncintiswano wezobugcisa, wamkelwa ngu-Albert Levin, umlimi waseMelika. Kuye kwifilimu kwintetho eyaziwayo nguGuy De Maupassant "uBel Ami", umfanekiso okhuthazayo wongcwele oyilingo wawufuneka. Le projekthi ibandakanya abaculi abangama-11 abavela kumazwe ahlukeneyo, kwaye ijaji yayiquka abantu ababini abadumileyo: uMarcel Duchamp (umculi wenkolo) kunye no-Alfred Barr (umqondisi wokuqala weMyuziyam yoBugcisa bamanje eNew York).

Ophumeleleyo nguMax Ernst, ongu-surrealist, owafudukela eYurophu waya eUnited States ngexesha lemfazwe, njengoSalvador Dali.

Incwadana ethi "Darling Friend", apho umzobo othi "Isihendo sikaSt. Anthony" yayidingeka, ichaza isithuba somntu, indoda yamadoda ephakamileyo. Wayenekhono elikhethekileyo lokudukisa abantu, kodwa, hayi, wayengenanto ebomini ngaphandle kwalokhu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, uGuy De Maupassant udume ngobugcisa bakhe obuhle bokuchaza izinto ezimbi, abantu bakhe bahlala be-aura yomxube ongaqondakaliyo wokukhohlisa kunye nedemon.

Isinki esinqabileyo

Umzobo othi "Isihendo sikaSanta Anthony" (uSalvador Dali) uboniswe kwiBelgian Royal Museum of Arts, e-Brussels.

Isalathisi salesi sikhwama esihle siza kubonisa izidalwa ezingaqhelekanga ezithunyelwa nguMtyholi, kwaye ziza kuSt. Anthony. U-Salvador uDali ubonisa ngobuchule ezo idemon ezimbini zinobufazi obuhle obuhle.

Njengesizathu, umculi wathatha isicatshulwa sesigxina kwaye wavuselela ihlabathi elingaqhelekanga elizaliswe ngeempawu eziyimfihlelo kunye nezinto ezininzi. Akuyena wonke umntu onokusombulula icebo lakhe.

Ekhoneni lomfanekiso kukho u-ascetic oyingcwele, ukhuselwe ngumnqamlezo owenziwe ngomthi . Umnqamlezo ufuzisela ukholo olungagungqiyo. Izilwanyana zixhomekeke kwi-saint, njengokungathi zifuna ukumnyanzela ngaphandle komfanekiso. Izilwanyana zithwala izono kwiincinci ezincinci. Ukuba i-Antony yesibini yathinteka kwisilingo, i-paws iya kuphuka kwaye izono zaza kuwela ngqo kuye.

Inkcazo yomdwebo "Isivivinyo sikaSt. Anthony"

Inqanawa ibonisa ukulandelelana kwezilwanyana ezihambahambayo: kuqala ihashe (ibonisa amandla, ngamanye amaxesha iyisimboli sokukhuphuka), koko kukho indlovu enegolide yekhanuko kwinqanaba layo, kwaye kulo mfazi unqamle, ulinganise ngengozi kwiindawo ezibucayi, ezigxininisa uhlobo oluthile lobunzima bokubumba . Ezinye izindlovu zithwala izinto ezingavamile: i-obelisk kunye nesakhiwo saseVenetian ngendlela yasePalladio. Ujonge umfanekiso "Isihendo sikaSt. Anthony" uDali, unokubona ukuba ekude kunenye indlovu, inomkhumbi ophakamileyo - uphawu lwehlabathi kunye nokomoya.

USalvador Dali wabonisa ibali leBhayibhile eliqhelekileyo ngendlela ekhethekileyo kunye neyohlukeneyo. Lo umehluko phakathi komzobo othi "Isihendo sikaSt. Anthony". Ubungakanani bokuqala bombhobho ngu-151x113 cm, into ebonakalayo yintsimbi kunye neoli, uhlobo luyi-surrealism.

Ngokweengcali ezininzi kunye nabaphandi, kukulo mfanekiso ukuba isebe elitsha emsebenzini womculi omkhulu liqala. Kwimisebenzi yakhe emithathu izinto zidibanisa: umzobo weklasikhi, ukomoya kunye nobudala be-athomu.

I-biography emfutshane kaSalvador Dali

Wazalelwa ngoMeyi 11, 1904. Ukususela ebuntwaneni bokuqala baqala ukubonakalisa uhlamvu olusenyakatho lukaSalvador Dali, wayedla ngokungahambi kakuhle kwaye ahlele amachule. Waqala ukudweba ukususela kwiminyaka engama-4, kwaye ngo-10 wabonakala umzobo wakhe wokuqala, owawuchaza indawo yokucinga. Le nkwenkwe yayidlala yonke imini kwigumbi elinikezwe yona kule njongo.

Ngomnyaka we-1925, xa uEl Salvador engama-21, umboniso wakhe wokuqala wawubanjwe, obunemihlathi engama-27 kunye nemidwebo emi-5. Nangona kunjalo, udumo lwaqala ukuza kuye ngo-1930 kuphela. Imizobo yayilawulwa yimixholo yokubhujiswa, ukufa, ukubola kunye (ngenxa yempembelelo yeencwadi zeFrud) amava ezesondo zesintu.

Ngomnyaka we-1959, uthando lwabafundi bezobugcisa lwaqala ukubonakaliswa kumculi oqaqambileyo, iimifanekiso zakhe zathengwa ngemali eninzi. Abaninzi abanama-million babecinga ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba babe neDali imizobo kwiiqoqo zabo .

Ngowe-1973, i-Museum yaseDali yavulwa kwiFiueres. Usoloko ekhokelela ekunandiphekeni kwabo bonke abatyelele namhlanje. Endaweni enye, uSalvador wangcwatywa ngo-1989, kwinqanaba lezakhiwo phantsi kwesitofu esingenakulinganiswa.

"Isilingo sikaSanta Saint" ngumculi uBoss

USalvador Dali uhlale ekhunjulwa xa bethetha ngoJerome Bosch. Abantu abaninzi abaxhalabele ngobugcisa balo mculi, kwaye ezininzi iimifanekiso zakhe zithandwa ngokucacileyo. Kodwa ke abaninzi bayavuma ukuba imizobo yeBosch inamandla amakhulu kwaye anomdla.

Umculi uJerome Bosch wayekuthanda ukubonakalisa kwindalo yakhe uSt. Anthony Omkhulu. Omnye wemisebenzi yakhe engcono kakhulu yi-triptych "Isihendo saseSt. Antonia ". UBosch oboniswa kumfanekiso woluntu oluthathwe kwizono kunye nobubungqina balo, iindidi ezingapheliyo zintlungu ezilindele umntu ngamnye, umxhwele kaKristu kunye nokulingwa kwenyama yakhe. Kodwa ukholo olungagungqiyo lunceda ukuxhathisa ukuxhatshazwa kweentshaba.

Okubhaliweyo kubhaliwe malunga nendlela kwaye kutheni le ngqungquthela engaqhelekanga yenziwe. Ngomnyaka we-1523, wathengwa ngumntu wasePutukezi uDamyao de Gois. Kulo mdwebo othi "Isivivinyo sikaSt. Anthony" uBosch wadibanisa zonke iinjongo zokudala ayezinandiphayo.

Inkcazelo ye-triptych

I-triptych eyabhalwa nguBossch (Isihendo sikaSanta Anthony) ngokuqinisekileyo ityhila ngezilwanyana ezintle kakhulu. Isalathiso singahlaziywa ngexesha elihlukeneyo:

• Ibhinqa elibamba iqela leKomidli ngumlumbi kunye ne-alchemical elixir of life brewed nge uncedo lomlingo omnyama.
• Abafazi abamnyama, abamhlophe nabomvu bokuba ngumntu wokuguqulwa kwezinto kwiinkqubo ze-alchemical. Ijug kunye neglasi zizaliswe nge-elixir yesidemon.
• Isidalwa esibambe iqanda ezandleni zayo sisisu, okanye umntu ovela kwi-tube test. Ezandleni zakhe unelitye elikwazi ukutshintsha igolide.
• I-Owl - lo ngumzuzu owodwa oqaqambileyo esithombeni owenziwa nguBosch. "Isihendo sikaSanta Saint" ngumfanekiso ongaqhelekanga. Inqununu inceda ekuboneleleni ngezenzo zama-alchemists, isebenza njengeLizwi likaThixo.
• Iphiko lekhohlo libonisa lonke idilesi yamademoni, limangalisa ingcamango yabo ngokungafani kunye nobunzima.
• Iphiko elifanelekileyo lonke lizaliswe ngezilingo ezahlukeneyo zabantu.

Incwadi kaGustave Flaubert

UStony u-Antony wayengathandwanga nje ukudweba. Abantu babethanda ukubhala ngaye. Ngokomzekelo, uGustave Flaubert wazichazela ngesigxina, kodwa kungekhona kwindlela yokuphila, kodwa kwimeko yesimo sengqondo sangaphakathi.

Umbhali uGustave Flaubert, umfanekiso weSt. Anthony wahamba kunye nama-30 iminyaka. Le ncwadi yabhalwa ngeenguqulelo ezimbini, yokuqala yashicilelwa ngo-1849, kwaye yesibini-ngo-1856.

Ukuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza ekudalweni komsebenzi "Isihendo sikaSt. Anthony" uFlaubert wayekhonza njengomfanekiso kaBrueghel Omncinci (iGrey). Lubonakalisa ukuhlushwa ngokwenyama ka-Antony, kodwa intetho kunye nezono ezifayo phakathi komkhosi ongapheliyo wezilwanyana kunye noothixo bamandulo.

Abanye abagxekayo abaqiniseki ukuba kwidrama uHlaubert wachaza iimvavanyo zakhe . Kuyinto engathandekiyo neminqweno, ibonakaliswe ngokukhanya okubuhlungu ngokuxhathisa.