Insulin: yintoni na yaye ziziphi iindlela zayo kukho?

Ngamnye kuthi beva esi sifo mnandi, njengokuba isifo seswekile sinwenwa, kwakunye insulin, apho isigulane ilawulwa njenge therapy replacement. Le nto ke ukuba izigulane kunye seswekile mhlawumbi musa ukuvelisa insulin kwaphela seswekile okanye lingawufezekisi umsebenzi wayo. Kweli nqaku siza kuqwalasela umbuzo wokuba insulin - ntoni na kwaye yintoni imiphumo ngayo umzimba wethu. Uza kufumana i uhambo umdla ehlabathini ubugqirha.

Insulin - a ...

Insulin - hormone eveliswe pancreas. Khupha iiseli awodwa yonyango kuthiwa nemisele ka Langerhans (iiseli beta). omdala pancreatic, kukho malunga nesigidi esinye nemisele yamanzi, apho imisebenzi ziquka ukuveliswa insulin.

Insulin - yintoni na ukusuka kwindawo imbono yamayeza? Le hormone protein wenza kwi umzimba imisebenzi ebalulekileyo kakhulu kuyimfuneko. Kwisiqwenga zesisu ngayo evela ngaphandle gca, njengoko iya zifunxe njengayo nayiphi na into proteinaceous. Daily nepancreas velisa encinci imvelaphi (Basal) insulin. Emva kwesidlo, umzimba wawunikela nangokomthamo ezifunwa ngumzimba ukugaya iiproteni ezifunyenweyo, amafutha kunye carbohydrate. Makhe sihlolisise umbuzo wokuba yintoni umphumo insulin emzimbeni.

umsebenzi insulin

Insulin unoxanduva ulondolozo kunye ummiselo ukutya ekudleni. Oko kukuthi, lo hormone kunempembelelo oluntsonkothileyo ezininzi kuzo zonke izihlunu zomzimba, ubukhulu becala ngenxa ukusebenza kwalo kusebenze ku- enqanda ezininzi.

Enye engundoqo kunye neempawu abadumileyo kwale hormone - ummiselo yamanqanaba iswekile egazini. Kufuneka yi umzimba ngokusisigxina, ngokuba ibhekisa izondlo ezidingekayo ukuze ukukhula iseli kunye nophuhliso. ikhefu insulin phantsi ukuba into elula, igalelo kukufakwa layo egazini. Ukuba injeke uvelisa oko izixa enganelanga, iswekile akafuni kondla iiseli, kwaye oluhlala egazini. It igcwele ukwanda xa amaqondo eswekile yegazi (hyperglycemia), obuquka nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.

Kwakhona wayisa nge zothutho insulin of acid kanye potassium.
Zimbalwa iimpawu steroid ezaziwayo insulin, nokuba ngokukhawulezisa isiphumo steroid (le yokugqibela, Noko ke, ukuba uyakhetha ngaphezulu).

iintlobo insulin

Iintlobo insulin ahluka yi imvelaphi yazo kunye nesiphumo.

Fast-sokubambela enalo emzimbeni. Olu hlobo insulin uqala ukusebenza kwayo ngoko nangoko emva nolawulo, kunye incopho yayo sifikelelwe 1-1.5. Ubude - Iiyure ezi-3-4. Kubhaliwe kuqaliswa nje phambi okanye ngaphambi izidlo. Kuba iziyobisi ukuba iziphumo ezifanayo, ziquka, "New Ekhawulezileyo", "insulin Apidra" yaye "insulin Humalog."

insulin Mfutshane onesiphumo kwimizuzu-20-30 emva kokuba isicelo. Emva kweeyure 2-3 xi ichiza igazi ufikelela ingongoma ubuninzi. Bebonke, kukho malunga 5-6 iiyure. Ngaba zifakwa imizuzu eli-15-20 phambi kokuba atye. "Izimuncumuncu" kucetyiswa ukuba wenze iiyure malunga 2-3 emva ulawulo insulin. Sokudla, kufuneka kunye nexesha isiphumo iphezulu iziyobisi idibana. iziyobisi "Humulin Regulus", "insulin Actrapid", "Monodar Humodar" - elifutshane-esebenza iziyobisi.

EsiPhakathi-esebenza insulins kuchaphazela umzimba elide kakhulu - ukususela kwiiyure ezili-12 ukuya kwali-16. Kuyimfuneko ukwenza ngesitofu 2-3 ngosuku, ngokufuthi ngamathuba iiyure 8-12, kuba nefuthe baqalise yakhe ngoko nangoko, yaye emva kweeyure 2-3 emva nolawulo. ukusebenza abo ifunyanwa emva kweeyure 6-8. EsiPhakathi-omele insulin - nemixube "Protafan" (insulin human) "Humudar BR", "Novomiks insulin".

Ke ekugqibeleni, lo insulin elide-ngokwenza, ukufumaneka ubukhulu ekufikelelwe kuso emva kweentsuku 2-3 emva kulawulo, nangona ukuba iqale ukwenza kwiiyure nje 4-6. Oku kusetyenziswa amaxesha 1-2 ngosuku. Ezi iziyobisi ezifana "insulin Lantus", "Monodar Long", "Ultralente." Eli qela kwakhona iquka-ebizwa ngokuba 'bezpikovy "insulin. Yintoni na? Kuyinto insulin othe isiphumo ngokukhawuleza, isebenza kakuhle yaye unobtrusively, ngoko phantse indawo umntu "lweenkobe", eveliswe pancreas.

imihlobo insulin

insulin Human - a analog ihomoni, eziveliswa pancreas yethu. insulin izakhi "abazalwana" yayo kwaye igqalwa phambili ngaphezu kwezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana-insulin.

hormone lusidla ezifanayo koku kungasentla, kunye Ngaphandle acid acid ezimeleyo ekwakhiweni. Ngaba baxabane nomzimba.

Insulin imfuyo ezifanayo kangako loo babantu. Lidla ibangela nokwaliwa njengoko iqulethe iproteni bezinye iintlanga umzimba. inqanaba insulin egazini lomntu esempilweni ukulinganiselwa kakhulu. Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha.

Yintoni efanele umgangatho insulin egazini?

Kwi-avareji, umntu abasempilweni isantya eqhelekileyo insulin igazi ukudla, isusela ukususela nge-2 ukuya kwi-28 mu / Mol. Xa abantwana oko thile ephantsi - ukusuka iiyunithi-3 ukuya ku-20, yaye abafazi abakhulelweyo, phezu koko, aphezulu - izinga ukususela nge-6 ukuya kowama-27 mu / Mol. Kwimeko insulin ukuphambuka elimsulwa kwisiqhelo (inqanaba insulin kwi yegazi eyonyukileyo okanye ubuza), kucetyiswa ukuba sinikele ingqalelo nokudla yokuphila.

Ukwandisa amazinga egazini hormone

Ukwanda Iziphumo insulin kwi ngokulahlekelwa phantse zonke zayo iimpawu ezintle, nto leyo iba nefuthe elibi empilweni. Oku kwandisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, kuba negalelo ukutyeba (ngenxa glucose engafanelekanga kuthuthwa) kunempembelelo umhlaza kwaye kwandisa ingozi yesifo seswekile. Ukuba buyobe insulin, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo otya ngayo, ezama ukuba usebenzise kangangoko imveliso kunokwenzeka index ephantsi gipoklikemicheskim (iimveliso ephantsi-fat zobisi, imifuno, iziqhamo elithozamisayo-muncu, isonka kunye bran).

insulin okwehlileyo egazini

Kwaye kukho iimeko xa kuncitshiswa insulin egazini. Yintoni na nokuba inyangwa njani? imali ngokugqithiseleyo aphantsi iswekile egazini ikhokelela kukho ukuphazamiseka nokusebenza kwengqondo. Kulo mzekelo, kucetyiswa ukuba sinikele ingqalelo ukutya ukuvuselela injeke - a iyogurt, iiblueberries fresh, wayipheka inyama ibhityile, ama-apile, ikhaphetshu kunye neengcambu parsley (decoction isebenza ingakumbi xa isamkela i isisu engenanto).

Ngokutya ukutya okusempilweni, uya kukwazi bunjani amanqanaba insulin nokunqanda iingxaki, ezifana nesifo seswekile.

Insulin seswekile

Kukho iindidi ezimbini seswekile - 1 no 2. Eyokuqala iphathelene yesifo azalwa esibonakala intshabalalo ngokuthe ngcembe weeseli beta pancreatic. Ukuba nangoku ngaphantsi kwe-20%, umzimba ayisekho ukumelana, yaye oko kuba yimfuneko therapy replacement. Kodwa xa siqithi ngaphezu kwama-20%, ukuze nkqu isaziso naluphi na utshintsho kwimpilo yakho. Lisetyenziswa kumaxesha amaninzi unyango kwencindi elifutshane ultrashort, kwakunye yangasemva (eyandisiweyo).

Uhlobo lwesibini seswekile - ezifunyenwe. iiseli Beta kwi uxilongo yalo msebenzi, "isazela", kodwa insulin yaphulwe - oko kuphinda azalisekise imisebenzi yawo, nto leyo iswekile kwakhona oluhlala egazini kwaye kungabangela iingxaki ezinzulu, ukuya gipoklikemicheskoy isiqaqa. Kuba unyango wayo usebenzisa iziyobisi zinceda ukubuyisela umsebenzi ezilahlekileyo hormone.

Izigulane abanesifo seswekile zohlobo yokuqala zifuneka ngokukhawuleza-insulin, kodwa ke uhlobo yesibini seswekile kudla ixesha elide (iminyaka okanye amashumi eminyaka) phelisa iziyobisi. Noko ke, ekuhambeni kwexesha, kodwa ke kufuneka ukuba "kuhlala" kwi-insulin.

unyango insulin inceda kukuphelisa iingxaki ephuhlisa ngelixa ngoyaba iimfuno eziphilayo sithole lawo ngaphandle, kwaye kuyanceda ukuba kuncitshiswe umthwalo kwi injeke yaye igalelo yokuyikhangela buso cell beta.

Kukholelwa ukuba ukuqala unyango insulin, uye emva kwiziyobisi (amacwecwe) akusekho kunokwenzeka. Noko ke, uya uyavuma, kubhetele ukuqala ngaphambili ukuba bafake insulin, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kunokuba ziwushiye - kule meko ukuthintela iingxaki ezinzulu. Oogqirha bathi ukuba kukho ithuba kwixesha elizayo ukwala ziinaliti e type 2 diabetes xa unyango insulin yaqalwa ngexesha. Ngoko ke, landela ngenyameko impilo yakho, musa ukulibala ukunamathela zokutya - lukwa inkalo kubalulekile kwimpilo entle. Khumbula ukuba seswekile - oku isivakalisi, kodwa yokuphila.

yophando olutsha

Izazinzulu basaqhubeka ukukhangela ngamandla iindlela ukwenza ubomi lula kubantu abanesifo seswekile. Ngo-2015, i-United States laqalisa imveliso entsha - isixhobo inhalation kwencindi, nto leyo eya kuthatha indawo isirinji, ukwenza ubomi kunye seswekile lula. Esi sixhobo sele ifumaneka ezikhemisti American ngokumiselwa.

Kulo nyaka (kwaye kwakhona eUnited States) laphehlelelwa babizwa ngokuba "insulin smart", oko kukuthi zifakwa emzimbeni yonke imihla, sebenzisa ngokwakho ukuba kukho imfuneko. Nangona yokuba ivavanywe kuphela izilwanyana kwaye sele okwangoku ivavanywe abantu, ngokucacileyo - izazinzulu ziye bebone into ebaluleke kakhulu ekuqaleni 2015. Makhe ithemba lokuba kwixesha elizayo baya ukukholisa bakufumeneyo seswekile.