Inkululeko yokuzikhethela - kuba ... Inkululeko yokuzikhethela: Imizekelo

Kwiinkcubeko ezininzi, kukho ingqiqo jikelele ngakumbi womntu. Lo mfanekiso standard benchmark for amarhamente ezininzi inkcubeko ethile. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba kukho iingcamango ezininzi malunga nangoku umahluko indoda ezahlukeneyo izinto eziphilileyo emhlabeni uMhlaba. Ukusuka kwindawo zebhayoloji lwembono, kuphela umntu ndikuphaphele evumela ukuba ukujonga eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo kwi olujongwayo lubonwe. Kodwa ukuba ukwazi lusenza onke amanani ezibalulekileyo kumdlalo ukuba kusinda planethi? Abameli iinkonzo zonqulo bakholelwa ukuba loo mntu yenza umntu kaThixo. Ngapha koko, kuphela abantu bathandaze yaye ngoko nangoko ukuphumeza isicwangciso kaThixo. Nangona theory ukumelwa kusengqiqweni, kodwa musa ngokupheleleyo awugubungele leyinene. Enyanisweni, ngaphandle kwento yokuba umntu uyayazi ngokwawo, ukuba ngokuyintloko yokuba a kwezentlalo. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho nje bahlalisene kunye namanye amalungu iintlobo yabo, kodwa ukusebenzisana nabo ngokusondeleyo. Ngenxa yoko, bonke abantu banikwa ithuba ukugqiba into abafuna ukuba, ukukhetha amaqela athile zentlalo, okanye wenze ezizezakho. Zonke izibakala zibonisa ubukho neempawu ezifana inkululeko yokuzikhethela, nto leyo eza kuxutyushwa kamva kweli nqaku.

yonke yokuqhutywa yintliziyo

Kukho amagama ezininzi luphawulwa ngokusisiseko yi isenzeko efanayo, kodwa iimbono ezahlukeneyo. Oku kulandela ukuba inkululeko intando - bubukho nawuphi na umntu ngenxa phambi sezingqondweni kwakhe, ukuba enze ukhetho kuxhomekeka kwiimeko ezithile. Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba kota eboniswe ngasentla kuluphawu udidi yentanda, nto leyo namnye ngaphandle okuguqula inkululeko yokuzikhethela.

imibono emibini yokuzikhethela

Ngo bulumko, kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili ukuqwalasela yokuzikhethela. Eyokuqala kuthiwa liberalism ezintweni. Yena ibonisa ubukho inkululeko yabantu lokuthanda ngenxa zityholo ukukrexeza ukuba Determinism buyinene. Ngamanye amazwi, amalungu le ndlela uxhasa umbono wokuba umntu ukhululekile ukuba senze ukhetho ngokwabo. Indlela yesibini ithi Determinism ayilunganga. Ngoko ke, inkululeko yokuzikhethela ayikho. Kuyabonakala ukuba indlela yesibini luphawu engalunganga, xa unikel 'ingqalelo kwezinye nezalathisi ukongeza kwizimvo kuphela bulumko. Umntu, eneneni, akukho ubotshelelwe sikhokelo zendalo engqongqo, ngokungafaniyo nezilwanyana. Umzekelo elula phambi kwehlabathi na isilwanyana, ikhonkco lokutya kunye nokungabikho yayo kwindawo yabantu.

Yintoni inkululeko yokuzikhethela?

Inkululeko yokuzikhethela - oko kukuthi, enyanisweni, into enye nokuthanda nithi ningabakhululekileyo nje, kodwa igama zangaphambili alisetyenziswa bulumko kileyo. Imbali ibonisa ukuba kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi, abantu abadala abakuvinjwayo ithuba lokukhetha buqu ngokwabo into. Kuphela isigqibo esithathwe phakathi kwinkulungwane XX ukuba amalungelo oluntu iphambili. Ngoko ke, ukususela kwixesha inkululeko yokuzikhethela - oko kwithuba nje, kunye nokuphunyezwa kwe-siseko yamalungelo nenkululeko zabantu. Oku kulandela ukuba le nkcazelo kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngenxa bemilo kwayo kulungile.

Inkululeko yokuzikhethela emthethweni

Phantse kulo lonke ihlabathi, kukho imimiselo kwinqanaba komthetho, leyo enshrine umgaqo inkululeko yokuzikhethela kunye nokudala iimeko zokuphunyezwa kwayo kwangoko. Kweli nqaku umbhali liza kuqwalasela oku ekukhanyeni umgaqo izithethe omthetho kazwelonke ye-Russian Federation. Ngenxa mikhwa lesiseko ledemokhrasi eRashiya, inkululeko yokuzikhethela - engasese, ilungelo simahla wonke umntu ukuba ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo amandla abo, kwakunye nezinto ukuba anazo, ezifana nemali. Kukho eminye imizekelo ezisisiseko nembonakalo siseko inkululeko yokuzikhethela, ezizezi:

- ilungelo zomqeshwa ukukhetha buqu indawo kunye nohlobo lomsebenzi;

- ilungelo ekuthengeni kwemali bayo abakhoyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo;

Ngoko ke, inkululeko yokuzikhethela, imizekelo apho uchazwe apha ngasentla ubukhulu becala ibekwe ngokwamalungelo ukuba umntu ukuthwala.

ilungiselelo siseko

Khumbula ukuba kwiSahluko 2 soMgaqo-siseko RF simisela inani esisiseko amalungelo nenkululeko yomntu nommi. Enye yezi lilungelo lenkululeko yokuzikhethela. Kodwa kukho nto kunokuba umdla. Ngqo ukuqinisekisa amalungelo nenkululeko yokuzikhethela ayikho kwi siseko. It is a ingqiqo iyonke egqiba ithuba umntu basebenzise amalungelo abo akuMgaqo-siseko. Umzekelo isahluko 2 soMgaqo-siseko, apho amagunya ezahlukeneyo ababelwe, ezizezi:

1. Ilungelo kubomi (inqaku 20).
2. Ilungelo inkululeko kunye nokhuseleko lomntu (Inqaku le-22).
3. Ilungelo lokuba nemfihlo (kwiSiqendu 23).
4. Ilungelo lokuba nenkululeko yonqulo (kwiSiqendu 28), njl

Njengokuba siye siqonda ngayo, ilungelo lomgaqo-siseko engundoqo kwindalo, ngoko ukuba babhalise ngokwahlukeneyo umgaqo inkululeko yokuzikhethela nje akwenzi ngqiqo, kuba kuthwelwe onke amagunya ukuba siseko Russian unika wonke ummi kunye umntu.

Ingxaki inkululeko yokuzikhethela

Namhlanje, bewenza xa becinga yintoni uzisa ngokwenene inkululeko yokuzikhethela. Ngesi sihlandlo, kukho iingcamango ezininzi. Omnye wabo uthi ukuba inkululeko yokuzikhethela - kuba lithuba ngqo kumntu yokwenza-sikhokelo apho ezimiselwe ngumthetho yangoku eRashiya kunye siseko. Kwelinye icala, umntu ukhululekile ukuba ukhethe nje kuphela imigangatho formatizirovannyh ezisemthethweni, kodwa sijolise ngakumbi imigaqo yayo yokuziphatha. Ngenxa yoko, le nto uhlala akucaci nokuba imithetho kufuneka ibe ngumba ophambili kwinkqubo yokukhethwa ngqo, okanye nokuba loo nto nje igunya? Kungenzeka, abantu banikwa ithuba lokukhetha ngokwabo, kodwa nasiphi na isigqibo kufuneka ibe phantsi kolawulo lomthetho olukhoyo eRashiya.

Inkululeko, ukukhetha, uxanduva

Akukho ibaluleke kangako ke umbuzo ubudlelwane phakathi inkululeko yokuzikhethela kunye noxanduva. Isibakala sokuba uMgaqo-siseko Russia njengoko umisela umgaqo ochazwe kwinqaku ngokupheleleyo. Enyanisweni, umntu angenza nantoni na ayifunayo. Kodwa abanye unxibelelwano noluntu, umoya kunye nezinye izinto musa ukuvumela abantu ukuba baphathe yonke izimvo zabo. Ngokomzekelo, umntu ufuna ukwenza ityala. Enyanisweni, wenza ukhetho lakhe. Ke yena, uya kuthwala ubutyala emiselwe ngumthetho. Ukususela ngokombono umthetho, ngaphaya nayiphi sikhokelo esemthethweni intshukumo ufanele ohlwaywe ukuba negative. Kodwa ngokwembono ingqiqo, umntu eneneni onoxanduva ngenxa kubo ukhetho. Ngoko ke, inkululeko yokuzikhethela - udidi mbini, apho ikhona kuzo zombini kwintsimi ngokusemthethweni nentanda-bulumko.

Esi sigqibo siphathelele ubuhlobo inkululeko yokuzikhethela kunye noxanduva, amagqwetha amaninzi kubona iziseko yokuziphatha yoluntu. Enyanisweni, njengoko kubonisiwe ekuqaleni, indoda - ngokuyintloko yokuba a kwezentlalo. Ngoko, kule nkqubo yentsebenziswano kunye nabanye abantu, kufuneka bathobele imithetho esekwe ngokubanzi, akaba nakugcinwa ukuba ngamnye kuthi Ufana neenkomo.

Inkululeko yokuzikhethela

rhoqo urhulumente, ekufuneka ibe iziqinisekiso ngqo amalungelo oluntu nenkululeko, besaphula yonke imigaqo kule nkalo. Kule meko sithetha kolawulo zezopolitiko ezithile ezithi amandla ngo kwilizwe elithile, kuba ulawulo olungcono phezu kwabantu. Njengoko yokwenza ubonisa iinkulungwane ezininzi, ezi kolawulo anti-wentando yesininzi phantse lonke zinyhasha amalungelo abantu. Ngelo inkululeko enye ekukhetheni kula mazwe abemi okunene. Ngenxa nayiphi ukubonakaliswa linge umfo lowo, njengoko abantu baphile kuphela kwi-sikhokelo wadala ngabom. Kumazwe afana, njengokuba umthetho, kukho "ufile" umgaqo-siseko. Ngenxa yokuba urhulumente yileyo uyaqonda ukuba ilungelo siseko - engundoqo yendalo. Xa zinjalo nemimiselo-siseko akukwazeki nangayiphi na indlela ukuba abaqhathe uluntu.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba iindlela ezifanayo zolawulo iyonke engazisi nantoni na elungileyo ukuba urhulumente kunye kubemi nommandla wayo. Nakuba nisaqala lombutho yelizwe sikhokelo omtsha ngqongqo ngayo kubalulekile, kuba ngaphandle kwabo akunakwenzeka ukuba kufikelelwe isiphumo ezinqwenelekayo.

UPawulos

Xa ndiqukumbela, kufuneka kuthiwe ukuba inkululeko yokuzikhethela okunene kwenza ukuba bonke abantu. Ngoko ke, musa bangawutyesheli eli thuba, kodwa koko, zama ukusebenzisa ngalo lonke ixesha, kuzo zonke iimeko eziphambili.