Inkqubo yoqoqosho lwezopolitiko elithi

Isixhobo yentengiso - isakhiwo entsonkothileyo kakhulu kunye neguquguqukayo, leyo ixhomekeke ezininzi kakhulu: kuneqondo lokunyuka kwamaxabiso, ukuveliswa nemfuneko, umsebenzi kumalungu ayo, ulawulo karhulumente, Kakade ke, imeko yezoqoqosho xa iyonke. Kule meko ke element yokugqibela udlala eyona ndima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso enempilo yoluntu lonke.

Kuphuhliso loqoqosho namhlanje ngayo inani elikhulu lwezikolo nokufundisa. Institutional, neoclassical, abangabaxhasi bakaMarx, Keynesian, mercantilist kunye nezinye iindawo baye benza igalelo elikhulu ngoku ebizwa ngokuba uqoqosho kunye nobudlelwane emarikeni. Ulwazi nokucinga zobulumko zamandulo spodvigli iinkcuba aphakathi ukuya nomnqweno ukufumana iimpendulo kuzo zonke imibuzo ngokuphathelele ubudlelwane phakathi umthengi, umthengisi kunye norhulumente.

Ngoko ke, Montchretien - umseki yesikolo mercantilism - okokuqala yavela into efana yoqoqosho lwezopolitiko. wabonakala Inxalenye yale kota ngexesha ubomi noXenophon. Yaba umbhali yamaGrike amandulo wezopolitiko uqalise igama elithi "imali", nto leyo yathetha 'imithetho endlu. " Mercantilists baqala ukuba zilithathele ingqalelo eli ingqiqo ngendlela lwehlabathi kakhulu - malunga hayi kuphela kusapho kodwa ngokwemeko karhulumente. Ngoko ke, xa umbhalo wakhe Montchretien kwaye eyaqamba ibinzana elithi "kuqoqosho lwezopolitiko". Ukuba iguqulelwe ngokoqobo, lithetha "iifama yolawulo loluntu okanye urhulumente."

Ngokuthe ngcembe, eli binzana liye kukhule kunye nokukhula kunye nokwandisa imida ixabiso labo. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo yoqoqosho lwezopolitiko ikhule ibe inzululwazi. Ezi izazinzulu iinkcuba yesikolo yamandulo, Smith, Ricardo, Quesnay, Buagilberg, Turgot, Petit kunye nabanye, waqala ukuhlalutya kwisigaba ejikeleza nje kuphela, kodwa kwakhona ngqo kwinqanaba kwimveliso. Kuyenzeka ukuba siqwalasele imithetho zangaphakathi ukusebenza mechanism lemarike kwaye saba sisiseko sokuphuhlisa le nenzululwazi entsha yoqoqosho lwezopolitiko.

Enkosi amalungu esikolweni yamandulo yaba ekuqaleni kwethiyori yabasebenzi zexabiso.

Ingakumbi ngokuqaqambileyo kunokuthi kubonwe yesazi Davida Rikardo, ngubani lowo wamthabatha, wamsa kwiziseko zohlalutyo umahluko phakathi umvuzo kunye neengeniso, ngokunjalo phakathi ingeniso kunye yezindlu. Kulo mbono yesikolo lakudala ukuba ijoliswe ibinzana kwenxaxheba zomaleko yamaphephandaba yabemi. Kwathi ke, xa kwakukho ukuvela capitalism kunye imo yobungxowankulu imveliso, waza wazuza amandla akhe Kusenzima udidi engaphuhliswanga ngokupheleleyo sabasebenzi. Ke abameli kwesi sikolo baba ngengcwangu ukugcina atavism otchlenenie wobukhosi.

Kuyinto i IsiNgesi uqoqosho classical lwezopolitiko yaba sisiseko enye imfundiso Marxist. Nangona kunjalo, kungekuphela nje esikolweni socialism zisekelwe kwiimfundiso Ricardo kunye Quesnay - kwi-30 kwinkulungwane ye-19 kwi-UK kunye neFransi, iyaphuhliswa kwaye modified ngokunxamnye kwithiyori weklasiki kwinzululwazi. Yena renounces sele eziqhelekileyo ingcamango yexabiso yabasebenzi , kwaye isithi eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo imithombo - umhlaba, umsebenzi nekomkhulu. Abaphengululi ezifana Yithini, Bastiat Malthus yaye musani ingqalelo imithetho uphuhliso lwemveliso, kwaye uxhomekeke kuphela nesenzeko kwezoqoqosho. Le mbono ubizwa ngokuba "uqoqosho nekrwada lwezopolitiko."