Inkampani yabucala bezempi: ukuphononongwa, uludwe, iimpawu zomsebenzi, umvuzo kunye nempendulo

Emazweni aseNtshona, loo nto njengenkampani yempi yabucala iyasetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza ekujongeni imisebenzi yempi kunye noxolo. Ngethuba lethu sele licacile ukuba lixesha lamazwe e-CIS ukuba acinge ngokusungulwa kweziko elinjalo lomthetho kwizenzo zabo, kwakunye nokudala isakhelo sokulawula apho le mida ebalulekileyo neyimfuneko ilawulwa khona.

Kwenzeke ukuba akukho nkampani yangasese yempi ingabonakala kwintsimi yeRussian Federation, kuba yonke imiba yale mi sebenzi ibonisa ukuzimela kunye nokuzikhethela kwimeko yethu. Nangona kunjalo, eqinisweni, amazwe amaninzi ehlabathini ngonyaka azama ukwakha nokuphuhlisa iimarike zamazwe ngamazwe ekuboneleleni ngeenkonzo zangasese kule ndawo. Ngethuba elifanayo, asikhulumi nje kuphela malunga nokuba inkampani yabomkhosi yangasese inokukunceda njani ekuxazululeni imisebenzi nayiphi na indlela yokulwa, kodwa ngokunxulumene nenxaxheba yentlalo ekudaleni izenzo zokuziphatha kunye nezomthetho kule ndawo.

Kutheni oku kuyimfuneko?

Okokuqala, ngenxa yombonakalo lwaloo mibutho kuya kunokwenzeka ukuphelisa ingxaki yengqesho, eyinto eqhelekileyo phakathi kwamagosa angaphambili aseMrazil, kuba abanakho indawo yokuhamba emva kokushiya kwindawo yokugcina. Imeko enokuthi ixazululwe yinkampani yempi yabucala, kodwa ngenxa yenguqu eyenziwa nguNgqongqoshe wezoKhuseleko, amadoda amaninzi empi asele azinikezele inxalenye yobomi babo ekusebenzeni kwimikhosi ekhuselekileyo ayaphoqeleka ukuba afune umsebenzi onokungahambelani nawo Umsebenzi okhawulezayo. Konke oku kukhokelela ekunciphiseni kwinqanaba elipheleleyo lemali engenayo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukuzama kwamanye amaninzi ukulungiswa okungekho mthethweni.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iinkampani zemikhosi zangasese zinokukunceda ukuxazulula ingxaki yokuhamba phesheya kunye nenani elikhulu leengcali ezingakhange zikwazi ukufumana umsebenzi emva kokuba zixothwe, njengamanye amazwe adla ngokufuneka kwaye abonise umdla ekukhange ulwazi kunye neengcali Izakhono zeengcali ezifanayo. Ngaloo ndlela, amazwe ethu alahlekelwa iingcali kunye nemali, kwaye ezi mali zide zincinci.

Icandelo lezemali

Ingeniso yokuba nayiphi na inkampani yempi yabucala (PMC) iya kuzisa eli lizwe linye ingxabano enzima ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kuyafaneleka ukuwamkela umthetho ngokusungulwa kwazo. Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lufanele lufumane imithombo emitsha engaphezulu kwaye inokuzalisa inxalenye yengeniso, ngelixa ubukho bemthethweni bezakhiwo ezizimeleyo ezahlukahlukeneyo zingenise imali engenayo. Ukongezelela, bambalwa kakhulu abantu bayazi ukuba sele sinemibutho enjalo, kodwa ibhaliswe ngaphandle kwenkundla esemthethweni yaseRashiya. Oku kuphakamisa ukuba imali yabo engenayo ayithinteli kwiphina indlela, ngokuchasene nendlela, ngokomzekelo, iinkampani zempi zaseMerika ezizimeleyo zisebenza.

Liliphi ithemba?

Kungekude kudlulileyo, isinyathelo senziwa nguNgqongqoshe wezoKhuseleko malunga nokudalwa kwemikhosi yokugcinwa kwemibutho eRussia Federation , kwaye oku kusenokuthiwa isinyathelo sokuqala ukuvela kwale mibutho. Kukho inani elincinci lezinto ezinomdla, njengeenkonzo ezizodwa iinkampani zamagosa abucala. Umvuzo wengcali nganye apha kuxhomekeke kwimisebenzi ayenzayo: ucwangciso lobuchule, imisebenzi yokulwa, ukuqokelela idatha, kunye nenkxaso yokusebenza okanye yokusebenza. Yingakho kulunge ukudlulisa umthetho ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu, kwaye bekungekho mthethweni ukulibazisa.

Benza ntoni?

Namhlanje, kukho ininzi enkulu yemibutho, kwaye ukuba sithetha ngamazwe aseCIS, inkampani yabomkhosi yangasese "iSlavic Corps", ebhaliswe ngokusemthethweni kwintsimi yaseHong Kong, ibonakala phakathi kwabo bonke, kodwa eqinisweni iquka abaqeshwa beempi ezahlukahlukeneyo kunye Imisebenzi ekhethekileyo yamazwe aseYun Union. Ububanzi bemisebenzi yale mibutho ingaquka imisebenzi elandelayo:

• Ukubonelela ngokukhusela izixhobo zomthetho kunye nabantu ngabanye, ukhuseleko lwemisebenzi, eqokelela inani elikhulu labantu, kunye nokuphuhliswa nokuqhutyelwa phambili kwamanyathelo ahlukeneyo kwingingqi yolwazi lokhuseleko. Iinkonzo ezinjalo, umzekelo, ngokwemininingwane ethile, ziphathwa yinkampani yangasese yempi eMolkino.
• Ukukhuselwa kobugcisa bezinto, ukuhlonipha, ukuhanjiswa kwee-convoy, ukubonisana, ukubonisana nomkhosi okanye imisebenzi yokuchithwa kwabantu.
• Ukugcina ukugcinwa kunye nokusebenza kweendawo ezikhethekileyo zokulwa.
• Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko ngexesha lokuthutha okanye ukugcinwa kwamabanjwa.
• Ukucebisa nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi bezokhuseleko okanye i-servicemen yendawo.
• Ukuqhuba ukukhusela ngokuxhotyiswa ngokuxhaswa ngokugcwele kweempahla ezahlukahlukeneyo ezisuka kwiinqwelo ezikhuselekileyo, ukuqhuba isheke esipheleleyo sokukhusela i-gesi kunye neoli kunye namaqonga e-offshore, ukukhusela ii-pier, iinqanawa kunye namaqonga phantsi kwamanzi.

Olu luhlu olufutshane nje yintoni na iinkampani zangasese zokhuseleko zempi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuba yonke into icacile ngemisebenzi yokhuseleko kunye nemisebenzi ejolise ekuhambiseni impahla kunye nokukhuselwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo, ininzi igama elithi "umkhosi" alicacanga. Akunabo bonke abo bafuna ukufunda indlela yokungena kwinkampani yenkampani yangasese baqonde kakuhle ukuba loo mibutho inika njani iinkonzo zempi.

Isimo somthetho

Kwimisebenzi yehlabathi yanamhlanje, kukho uluhlu olukhulu lweenkampani zemikhosi zangasese eziye zaqulunqwa, eziye zaba zikhulu kwaye azixhaphaki nje kuphela kwilizwe elithile, kodwa ngokubanzi kulo lonke ihlabathi. E-Rashiya, nangona kungabikho amaxwebhu aseburhulumenteni kwintlangano yezo zakhiwo, sele sele ikwazi ukufumana inxaxheba, kunye nenani elikhulu leenkampani lifumaneka kwilizwe elizibeka ngale ndlela.

Ukususela kumbono wezomthetho, iinkampani zasemasempi zaseRashiya zingabonwa njengentsebenziswano yoluntu-yabucala (PPP), ekubeni ingekabikho kumgangatho wezomthetho, kodwa iiprojekthi ezithile sele zenziwe. Ngethuba elifanayo, kwisakhelo se-PPP, kukho ithemba lokubonakala komthetho ongekuqinisekisa kuphela ukulungiswa kwalo mgaqo kwinqanaba le-federal, kodwa liya kukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwayo kulo lonke elaseRashiya.

Ngelishwa, okwangoku, kungekuphela kwinqanaba lezithili, kodwa nakwizinga lombuso, akukabikwa ukuba kusetyenziswe iinkqubo zomthetho eziza kwenza ukuba loo mibutho idibaniswe, kwaye umzekelo obalaseleyo uyintloko yenkampani yenkampani yangasese, u-Eugene Wagner, owadala isakhiwo sakhe, imisebenzi Eyona nto ingaphendulwanga. Ngokuqhelekileyo le meko ibangela ubunzima obuninzi, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ukubandakanywa kwabathathi-nxaxheba kwimibutho enjengeenkundla zamagosa, okungekho nto ingaxhomekeke kuyo.

Ziziphi iintlukwano?

Ukungabikho kokuqonda oku kudla ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwimiba emphakathini kwinto yenkampani yabasemagunyeni yabakwa-Wagner kunye nezakhiwo ezifanayo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba umntu ungumqeshwa wentlangano yabucala kwaye ubulawa kwinkqubo yokwenza umsebenzi wakhe, akayena ijoni lomkhosi wesizwe, owayengumthwalo wokuqhuba umyalelo womyalelo othe ngqo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lingabizwa ngokuba yi-mercenary, obeka ubomi bakhe engozi kwimali ethile.

Kodwa kufuneka uqonde ngokucacileyo ukuba i-mercenary yintoni na umntu oye waqashwa ukuba athathe inxaxheba kwimpikiswano, ngelixa iinkampani zamagosa ezizimeleyo zaseMerika kunye namanye amazwe yimibutho epheleleyo eqhuba imisebenzi eninzi kakhulu .

Kwimeko ezininzi, izivumelwano zityinwe kunye nemibutho yokubambisana kwexesha elide, kwaye ubugcisa apha busebenza nje njengomcebisi okanye umcebisi kunoma yimuphi umcimbi wezobugcisa kunye nempi. Imibutho yabucala ine-yobhaliso esemthethweni, imimiselo, kunye nesakhiwo soshishino esikhethekileyo, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo zizinto zeenkampani zentlanga, ngenxa yokuba uluhlu lweenkonzo zabo alufinyeleli kuphela kwicandelo lempi.

Umthetho osayilwayo ngoku ulungiswayo unokutshabalalisa ngokuthe ngqo ulwahlulo olubuxoki kunye neentlobo zeengcamango kunye nexesha elifanayo ukunceda ukucacisa imigaqo engundoqo yoluphi ulwahlulo lwabalandeli kunye ne-PMCs ekunikezeni iinkonzo zempi. Kwaye, okubaluleke kakhulu, kuya kunika ithuba lokufumanisa isiseko somthetho somsebenzi wemibutho yemikhosi yangasese esebenza kwintsimi yamanye amazwe, ngokuhambelana ngokupheleleyo nemimiselo eyamkelekileyo kunye nemihlangano yezizwe ngezizwe.

Bangakanani abayidingayo?

Abaninzi bayazi ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwemimandla yabasemagunyeni yabasemazweni aseNtshona, kuquka iMelika, ayinakwenzeka, kwaye inani labasebenzi, kunye nenani lemali esetyenziswe ekutsaleni le mibutho, likhulu kakhulu. Kananjalo, ukongeza kumazwe aseNtshona, iChina iyakha iindawo ezizimeleyo, ngoko sinokusitsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba xa kunenzuzo kwaye kuyimfuneko kwabanye, kunokunceda thina.

I-Politico-yentlalo

Inani elipheleleyo leengxabano eziye zavela kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo sele lukhulile amaxesha amaninzi, kwaye oku kuya kulandeleka lula kwiingxelo zendaba kwiminyaka yamuva. Ngokuqhelekileyo umkhosi oqhelekileyo awunawo amandla okubonelela ukuxhathisa okufanelekileyo, ukuzinzisa inkqubo okanye ukugcina ulawulo oluthile. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ekusebenziseni ukusetyenziswa kwemikhosi exhobileyo, amagunya kufuneka aqaphele ukuba kukho ingozi yokuba oku kungabonwa kakubi ngokwaneleyo kuluntu, kuba baninzi abasabela ngokukhawuleza ekulahlekelweni kwejoni elinye. Kwakunjalo nje iingxaki ezavela kwinkqubo yokuqhuba imikhosi kwimimandla yaseChechnya nase-Afghanistan.

Ngenxa yokuba abasebenzi be-PMC babandakanyeka kwinkqubo yokusebenza kwemikhosi kunye nenkxaso yemikhosi ehleliweyo, amanani amaninzi okwenzakalo kunye nokulahleka ngokunciphisa kakhulu, kwaye kunakho ukuqhuba imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo efuna inqanaba eliphezulu lemfihlo. Isicelo sabo siya kunika urhulumente ithuba lokusombulula imisebenzi yenkqubo yelizwe langaphandle, ngelixa uphephe ukuhlaselwa okungafunekiyo ngamazwe ngamazwe nakwehlabathi.

Amatsha amathuluzi

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo ukuba iindlela nezindlela ezisisiseko zomsebenzi we-PMCs zanamhlanje azikhawulelwanga kwimida yelizwe. Ngaloo ndlela, umzekelo, amathuba okuqesha kunye nokuqhubeka nokuqeqeshwa kweengcali kwilizwe apho kusetyenziswe imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ukwenzela ukuba bakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ethile eyabelwe ngabaphathi. Imiphumo emihle kule meko iphunyezwe ngenxa yokuba ingxaki yokujonga ingcamango engafanelekanga yabahlali bezinye iintlanga ichithwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo iqela elipheleleyo leengcali zengingqi zenziwe, zikwazi ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwiimeko eziye zavela ekhaya . Konke oku kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuba abasemagunyeni abasondeleyo bendawo baya kukwazi ukulawula le meko.

Ukongezelela, abasebenzi beemibutho yabucala, abahlala ngaphandle kwemida yomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, bangasebenzisa iindlela zabo ezizodwa kunye neendlela zokusebenza, ngaphandle kokukhawulelana, njengoko ubuchule bokusebenza kunye nokulawulwa komsebenzi wabo kugqitywe ngokupheleleyo kwisivumelwano esenziwe kunye nenkampani. Ngokwezinga elithile, oku kwenza kube lula ukususa kubo nayiphi na imbopheleleko yeendleko ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha kunye nezomthetho kwinxalenye yomqeshi kwaye, ngexesha elifanayo, uvumela ukuphumelela ukuphumelela kokulwa. Ngenxa yokubonakala kweso sikhungo esisemthethweni, kungekhona kuphela indlela esetyenzisiweyo ekusebenziseni ibutho lempi ngexesha loxolo, kodwa nangona mgaqo-nkqubo welizwe langaphandle, utshintshile kwintsimi yaseRashiya.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo ukuba ithuba lokusebenzisa iinjongo ezininzi zokuxazulula iingxaki kukuxhamla ngokucacileyo kwiimeko zokhuphiswano lwangoku, kwaye ubukho bee-PMCs kwiimfazwe ziya kuwandisa kakhulu iimfuno zeRussian Federation kwaye ziya kunika ubuninzi beentlangano ezintsha, ekugqibeleni ziyakwandisa jikelele Imeko yombuso.

Enye inokwenzeka yokusebenzisa iinkampani zemikhosi yangasese ingaba ukukhuthazwa ngokukhawuleza kwezixhobo zasekhaya kwiimarike ezahlukeneyo kwihlabathi. Kutheni? Kuloo mazwe anqwenele ukufumana izixhobo zethu zempi, abasebenzi beemibutho yabucala banokubonelela ngenkonzo epheleleyo, ukukhuselwa kweengcali ezibonelela ngezixhobo zanamhlanje, ukubonelela ngenkxaso, ukuqeqesha abasebenzi kunye neminye imisebenzi emininzi.

U qoqosho

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-PMCs kuyanceda kakhulu kwezoqoqosho kwinkqubo yokwenza imisebenzi yemikhosi yemfihlo kunye nexesha elifutshane, ekubeni izibonelelo zayo kunye nezixhobo ziya kusetyenziswa kuphela kwisicelo esithile. Umbuso awudingi ukuchitha imali eninzi yemali ukuze kugcinwe iziqinisekiso kunye nokuthenga ukufaniswa kwamajoni ngexesha lokuthula ukuba ngaba ootitshala bezinga eliphezulu balahlwa. Ngokungafani nemikhosi eqhelekileyo yamagunya, ukuthunyelwa kwawo kudinga ukuthunyelwa kweziseko zamasosha ezinokwaneleyo, iindleko ezifunekayo zokuqasha inkampani yangasese yezempi ziphantsi kakhulu, kwaye ngenxa yomsebenzi-ntsebenzo wenkokhelo, intlawulo ingenziwa kuphela kwinkqubo ethile yokusebenza kwazo zonke iintlobo zemisebenzi yempi.

Ukuzikhethela kwesicelo sabo kuxoxwe, okokuqala, kwimeko yokuba urhulumente akafanele ukuba ngumqeshi othe ngqo. I-PMCs ikwazi ukuhlala ngokwahlukileyo kwiilawulwa karhulumente kwaye ijongene nemisebenzi ebekwe yimibutho yamazwe ngamazwe okanye amaqumrhu oshishino. Ngaloo ndlela, ngenxa yemarike yemisebenzi yemikhosi, ukuzaliswa kakuhle kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kuya kuqinisekiswa ngazo zonke iimeko ezifanelekileyo malunga nokubunjwa kunye nokusebenza kwintsimi yaseRashiya.