Indlela asphalt oyile viscous (GOST)

Itha - ngokubanzi kusetyenziswa izinto zokwakha, apho iimpawu hydrophobic kunye nogqweso enamathelayo. Isebenza kakhulu xa asphalting iindlela. Kwakhona, amaxesha amaninzi ezi ncwadi lisetyenziswa ekukhuseleni izakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo. Kweli nqaku, zonke iinkcukacha ziya kujongana nesibakala sokuba itha ezinjalo, ziziphi iimpawu zayo kunye nesicelo.

definition

Itha ebizwa retinoid ashinyeneyo viscous into emnyama. It uqobo iza ku na amanqathana, ngaphambili ukusetyenziswa inyibilikiswa xa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Indlela ezakhiwe ngayo yebhitumene uye inzima kakhulu. Yena imele compound ezizizembiwa kunye neziseko zayo, kwakunye isinyithi, ioksijini kunye nitrogen. Zikhona lo myalezo zonke iintlobo compound hetero. Ngokubanzi, ukwakhiwa kweengongoma ezahlukileyo ze yebhitumene ecebe kangangokuba ukuchongwa kwabo bonke yeencindi nje akunakwenzeka.

njani

Iimveliso lusetyenziswayo nokulungiselela yebhitumene amafutha. Kukho ezintathu kuphela ezingundoqo iindlela ukuvelisa ezi ncwadi:

1. Ukugxila yeoli intsalela yi cleaner ulwelo. Le mveliso isiphelo ithambe kunye fusible. Ngale ndlela imvume bitumens vysokosmolistoy (kabi) oyile.
2. Igcwala le elitshisiweyo (amasalela oyile) ngokuthi kuvuthela oxygen kubushushu-180 ... + degrees 300. Ngale ndlela ke wafumana izinto thermostable elastic.
3. Ukuxuba oxidized iimveliso eyintsalela distillates ioli.

itha zemvelo

Kwiimeko ezininzi le nto yenziwa ngokuzenzela kwi ubuchule zintathu zicaciswe apha ngentla. Noko ke, kukho zendalo itha, iimpawu kunye nokusetyenziswa leyo malunga iyafana naleyo eqhelekileyo. Senzeka indalo ngenxa amasimi ioli kwaye yenza uhlobo lens. Ngendlela ecocekileyo, itha zendalo phantse lungenzeki. Amaninzi, yena impregnates na yodaka. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi liwa yelitye lentlabathi okanye lekalika. Kulo mzekelo, itha ehlambulukileyo zendalo bafumana amatye okuguba lokuqala. Ngamanye amaxesha le iliwa nje asphaltic ingumhlaba ngocoselelo yaye ezisetyenziswa ukwakha indlela.

Iintlobo yebhitumene zokusetyenziswa intsimi

Ngomhla isicelo sale nto yahlulwe ngokwamaqela ezine ezinkulu:

• itha Construction. Isetyenziswa amanzi kwiindonga, iziseko, antywiliselwa kwilizwe kwezakhiwo ngamaplanga, njalo-njalo. D.
• Yophahla. Isetyenziswa zokuzikhusela uphahla ukufuma izakhiwo zokuhlala, ezoshishino kunye noluntu.
• indlela ngetha. Uhlobo kakhulu ezisetyenziswayo eziqhelekilyo nokulungiselela asphalts.
• Zokuvala. Isetyenziswa ukukhusela nxamnye ukufuma umhlwa zombhobho metal.

asphalt wendlela

izinto hydrophobic amaninzi asetyenziswe ekwakheni emikhulu. Kukho iindidi ezimbini ezisisiseko yebhitumene;

• Viscous. Lungafumaneka petroleum.
• Ulwelo. Olu uhlobo yenziwa ukusuka ngetha viscous. Njengoko diluent esetyenzisiweyo kule ioli.

indlela Ibhitumene Viscous isetyenziswa ulwakhiwo emikhulu kule nyanga zishushu. Le nkcazelo ulwelo lisetyenziswa ngexesha abandayo. Lwebhitumene viscous phambi ingqokelela itshiswa kwiqondo lobushushu yokunyibilikisa. Izinto ezingamanzi zingasetyenziswa emanzini abandayo yaye esotha ukuba. Emva kwexesha elithile emva kokuba ufakelo ngenxa yeenkqubo oxidative bhitumene ezinjalo izokhula aze anike kwintsunguzi, ukufuma-enganyangekiyo ilastiki film.

Ziziphi iimpawu kufuneka ndikhangela xa bethenga

Kukho ezintathu kuphela iparameters ezingundoqo, nto leyo ukufumanisa umgangatho yebhitumene;

• mzobo yayiya ubushushu;
• ductility (degree of ductility of zixhobo yebhitumene);
• ukungena (viscosity).

Isalathisi yokugqibela imiselwe nkxu inaliti kungena itha okanye cone kwiqondo elithile.

uphawu

Funda ngezinto itha ukuba uhlobo lomsebenzi elula kakhulu. Ukuze wenze oku, khangela mshini.

• itha Ukwakha oonobumba BN.
• Road - BN okanye nerd.
• Zophahla - BNK.

Emva kokuba iincwadi bagubhe digits ezimbini emva kwesithuba elibhalwe ngokumileyo. Inani lokuqala ibonisa indawo ukuthambisa, okwesibini - on iqondo viscosity. Le yokugqibela kumiselwa nkxu inaliti kungena itha kubushushu we 25 ° ^C.

Izitampu itha viscous

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, kukho izinto ezinjalo inikezelwa wazinqunqa okanye imigqomo. Xa BN isetyenziswa asphalting (oil) kunye nerd (indlela ngetha). Ngokutsho GOST livelise iintlobo ezilishumi kule zokufunda (MND ukususela 200/300 ukuya 40/60, BN ukususela 200/300 ukuya 60/90).

itha indlela Ulwelo

Le nto iphawulwe ngokwahlukeneyo. Kukho ezimbini kuphela kwiintlobo balo:

1. SG - ukuqina ngesantya.
2. MG - ukuqina ngokucotha. Olu uhlobo isetyenziswa Ukwakhiwa kwendlela kwi-II V imozulu.

Emva kokuba oonobumba kule meko nazo digits ezimbini emva kwesithuba elibonisa uluhlu ductility avumelekile ^(kwi-60 ° C ne yomgodi 5 mm yi viscometer).

Xa uthenge imidlalo ufuna ukukhangela isatifikethi (yokundwendwela) kwindlela ngetha engamanzi. Mark SG, kanye njengokuba MG, MND kunye BN kufuneka athobele GOST +. Into yokuba olu xwebhu, thetha kancinane.

Ukhuseleko xa usebenza ngebhitumene

Xa usebenzisa le nto kufuneka silumke kakuhle. Itha uyakwazi phemba. LINGATSHA nelula uphawu yesalkathisi uzimisele ukuze flashpoint. Xa ukwakha indlela viscous, yophahla kwaye ukuba zingangenwa itha iphezulu kwi engamanzi - ngezantsi. Ngoko ke, xa besebenza kunye yamvanje kufuneka silumke kakhulu.

Ukongeza, xa esenza imisebenzi enxulumene nesicelo, ekugcinweni, ekuthuthweni njalo njalo. G. ibhitumene for imithetho yokhuseleko mveliso kufuneka banxibe iimpahla zokhuselo. Oku ke kuthintela le usebenzayo kokuwela ulusu ukufudumala, trudnosmyvaemye tsakisi.

itha quality passport

Iinkampani itha waqonda kufuneka athobele imiqathango GOST 2245-90. Nangona kunjalo, iinkampani ezininzi ngoku ukuvelisa impahla yalo hlobo ezineempawu eziphuculiweyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba itha enye okanye enye entsha kraca ezizodwa ziqinisekiswe ligosa elingumvi izatifikethi elebhu, ekwabizwa ngokuba zokundwendwela. Baya ukucacisa iparameters ezifana umnwe, ductility, aqale lobushushu imveliso, njalo-njalo. D.

Ngaphandle uxwebhu loo viscous nje kuphela, kodwa kwindlela bhitumene MG. umgangatho Passport izinto sothotyelo isiqinisekiso iimpawu ibango ngumvelisi. On iphepha compulsorily igxunyekwe yoshicilelo lwamashishini.

Kakade ke, kufuneka kubekho ipaspoti for engamanzi ngebhitumene indlela SG, kwakunye zokuxhoma kunye usambathisa. Phakathi iintlobo ezintsha oku elayibrari ziquka, umzekelo, i-nerd-U kunye Euro BV. Malunga nale migangatho ezisemgangathweni ayichazwanga yi GOST kunye TU kunye SRT. Xa imveliso Euro BV ikwaqwalasela ingqalelo iimfuno umgangatho yaseYurophu EN 12591.

I brand kakhulu

Ukwakhiwa yebhitumene yendlela esetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo 90/10. Abenzi bavelisa ungathengisi ngayo kukuninzi Ngayo, emagumbini amanzi, iindawo komhlaba kwezakhiwo yamaplanga axhasayo, amalungu phakathi-panel, emagumbini iindonga. Ukusuka kwesinye brand ethandwa kakhulu BN 70/30, oko azakubalulwa ingongoma eliphezulu yokunyibilika. Oku kwandisa imida ukusetyenziswa kwayo, ekubeni umboniso unikwa ngabo ikwazi withstanding lobushushu zokufudumeza enkulu.

Ngexesha imigwaqo wayedla MG130 lwendlela ngetha / 200. It isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiindawo apho lobushushu ebusika ayikho ngaphantsi 20 ° ^C. Le fom eziphathekayo kumphezulu elithembekile kakhulu kwaye egudileyo.

Ngaphezu koko kunika umfundi iimpawu table iqhosha (GOST) kwezi ndidi zimbini yebhitumene.

indlela ngebhitumene, ukwakha kunye nophahla - eziphathekayo, kakhulu imfuno phezulu emarikeni. Ukukhululwa namhlanje iinkampani zayo ezininzi. Ngoko ke, khetha imveliso esemgangathweni ziya kuba kakhulu lula. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ukunikela ingqalelo iilebhile kuthenga kakhulu ezifanelekileyo kolu khetho meko.