Incwadi engcwele obuBhuda - imephu India inkolo

Buddhism ihlabathi yokuqala kunye nenkolo phambili uninzi kwimimandla Indiya, kodwa namhlanje kwakhona usebenza yemihlaba kwamanye amazwe amaninzi. Imvelaphi Buddhism edibene igama USiddhārtha Gautama, eyaziwa ngokuba Buddha.

Gautama waye unyana Raja, lowo besithembe ukuba unyana wakhe wayeza kuqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe abe ngumlawuli odumileyo of India. Buddha ngendlela eselula kakhulu sele yintsapho zabo, kodwa akwasala nanye konwaba ebomini babo. Njengoko sinokungqinelwa imibhalo ezininzi, uyise wakhe wazama ukukhusela Gautam ukusuka ihlabathi ngaphandle, kodwa kungekudala Buddha ngokwakhe ababefunde ngayo iimbandezelo ezininzi abantu abaqhelekileyo. Ukususela ngoko, lo mfana uyayishiya intsapho yakowabo aze ahambe ekhangela isisombululo kwingxaki abantu ukubandezeleka.

Iminyaka emininzi wafuna inyaniso isebuYudeni, ukufunda zonke iinkalo zonke yoga. Kangangexesha elithile Buddha wahlala ukuzila olunzulu kunaye abe ngokomzimba sasinda. Kungekudala weza inyaniso, ocacisa ukuba unobangela konke ukubandezeleka kwabantu ngumnqweno akhe, eqondisa umntu. Ngokutsho Buddha, bonke abantu iinjongo ezithile ebomini ukuya kuyo esilulangazelelayo wenze ukukulibala nantoni na, ukuze kufikelelwe ezinqwenelekayo.

Ekubeni ukwazi inyaniso, Gautama waya ebantwini ukuze ancede abantu abaninzi ukuphelisa ukubandezeleka, abanike ulwazi lwabo. Emva kokufa Buddha, kubuBhuda kwixesha elifutshane ngayo kwafikela yonke imimandla India.

Kukho incwadi engcwele obuBhuda - i Tipitaka, nto leyo igcwele yonke inyaniso. It iqulathe izibhalo dha engcwele ube zahlulo zithathu. Inxalenye yokuqala iqulethe imigaqo kuphela ukuba isikhundla eliphezulu AmaBhuda, wesibini - uhlobo yebali Buddha malunga amabibi iminqweno yabantu kunye nemiyalelo yakhe endleleni, isahlulo sesithathu - iimfundiso ezakha amaBhuda. Ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali, incwadi engundoqo obuBhuda ayizange yabhalwa Buddha nabafundi bakhe ngoko nangoko emva kokufa kwakhe.

Incwadi engcwele obuBhuda yayibhalwe ngolwimi Pali, nto leyo ingqalelo inguqulelo phakathi nesiSanskriti iilwimi mihla Indian. Isibhalo engekamithwa amagqabi esundu njengesiqhelo, eyayibhalwe inyaniso yayo Buddha. La magqabi babekwa engobozini, apho wafumana abafundi Gautama. Ngoko ke, incwadi engcwele of Buddhism eyaziwa ngokuba yi "iingobozi ezintathu ubulumko."

Ngowe-1871 le ndlu yecawa ihlelwa eMyanmar, apho kuyo ezininzi esakhiweni sikarhulumente kumisa incwadi engcwele Tipitaka dha. Ngomhla Ukuqulunqwa itekisi kwathabatha ixesha elide. Emva kokuphela umsebenzi onzima ukwenza itekisi isibhalo wazikrola 729 nemàbhula. ipleyiti nganye, ngokufihla kumBhuda, ndafakwa kwitempile eyahlukileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, kwakukho idolophu emangalisayo elincinane, eyenziwa izibhalo.

Incwadi engcwele obuBhuda kukho ukufana nomthetho Pali, eliquka i amabali 550 - dzhatok echaza zonke izenzo ze Buddha. amang'awu dha ayiqulathanga amasiko ezineenkcukacha wathumela kuphela iimonki bakhe ukufunda iitekisi kanoniyskie dha. ukuba abantu e India abanalo ilungelo inxaxheba elunqulweni. Okwangoku, incwadi engcwele obuBhuda Tipitaka iguqulelwe kwiilwimi ezininzi zaseYurophu, ngoko ke eli zifundwa izazinzulu ezininzi.

Le ileja iquka izicatshulwa ezininzi ezahlukeneyo dha ezo amabali ngobomi Buddha kunye nemisebenzi, imithetho yokuziphatha ziimonki zamaBhuda ezinde zonqulo bulumko, imisebenzi yemibongo. AmaBhuda enkolweni yabo wasebenzisa ezahlukahlukeneyo iimpawu zophawu oluthile, nto leyo eqhelekileyo ukuba zonke ezinye iimvaba.