Imbewu ukuba izithole ngoFebruwari. ukulima isithombo: imiqathango, iimeko

Ngoku, phantse yonke into zingathengwa ezivenkileni evela izithole ngeedegree ezahlukeneyo sivuthiwe ukuya imifuno igqityiwe, iziqhamo kunye imifuno. Kodwa ngonyaka ngamnye kufutshane ngoFebruwari, bonke begadi ukufunda iqala "umkhuhlane" ngengqiqo intle ilizwi, izandla ubaleka ingxowa athandwayo. Kukho kufike ixesha lokuhlwayela imbewu nezithole. begadi abanamava siyazi ukuba yonke ngokupheleleyo, kodwa sicebisa wabaqalayo simazi kakuhle ulwazi malunga yintoni, njani yaye nini ukuba ndityale; ngokuba zonke iinkcubeko yemifuno, berry kunye nentyantyambo zahluke ngokupheleleyo. Bafuna iimeko lobushushu ezahlukeneyo kunye nomxube lomhlaba, kwaye kunyamekela izithole yahluke kakhulu.

Sicebisa ukuba uqale ngocwangciso, kuba le nto kungcono ukuba kulotywe yakho kwikhalenda yakhe. Ukujongana nale itshathi ongumzekelo ixesha kuya kunceda izithole nokuhlwayela imbewu.

Eyona engundoqo Izityalo yemifuno: Imihla yokutyala

Kufuneka ujoliso lube mdala kangakanani izithole kufuneka ixesha lokutyala yayo emhlabeni. Kuzo zonke izityalo, yinto eyahlukileyo. Ukuba - umnini abonwabileyo a, greenhouse elungileyo eshushu, ngoko ungaqalisa owahlwayela imbewu izithole ngoFebruwari okanye ekupheleni kukaJanuwari. Yinyani ukuba kwimimandla ebandayo kwakhona apho ehlotyeni ayikho elide kakhulu, kwaye aphathe ngokwakho ukuba imifuno imifuno.

isiko	ixesha elisondeleyo uqhekeko (leminyaka)	Age izithole (iintsuku) ixesha lokutyala emhlabeni
iintlobo tomato Early kwaqanjwa	Matshi (3)	45-60
Neetamati eliphakathi kwexesha iintlobo	Matshi (1-2)	55-60
Indawo egaya	phakathi Februwari - ekuqaleni kuka March	60-75
seqanda	Matshi (3)	60
ikhaphetshu	ekupheleni kukaMatshi	45-50
cauliflower	Apreli (1)	45-50
Zucchini, ithanga, ithanga	Apreli (2-3)	25-30
cucumber	Apreli (3)	25-30
Celery (ingcambu)	February (2)	75-85
Anyanisi Nigella (ngokuba umnqathe), leek	Matshi (1-2)	45-55

Imbewu izithole setumato

Khulisa le nkcubeko kunokuba zombini kwicala enelanga, nasethunzini, lo mbandela mkhulu - ilanga ubuncinane 3-4 iiyure ngosuku. Ixabiso ukhetho ntlobo kwaqanjwa. Into yokuqala ukuyenza - ukuba bathele iimbewu kumxube kwezondlo. Nazi iindlela eziliqela lokulungisa oko:

• 2 g ichiza ekukhuleni "amathupha" ilitha yamanzi nganye;
• 1 h. L. nitrophosphate, lithetha "Agricola-isiqalo" okanye "bumnandi" ilitha yamanzi nganye;
• 1 tbsp. l. "Barrier" okanye umthi ash ilitha yamanzi nganye.

Kuwo nawuphi na izisombululo zembewu asezantsi, ngaphambili wabeka ezingxoweni ngelaphu, kuba ngenye imini. Emva koko ukususa uzibeke engxoweni yeplastiki kwisibandisi, susa iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuba lukhuni.

Iingcali bancome umxube lomhlaba eyakhiwa alinganayo ziquka emhlabeni Turf, wamatye elungileyo kunye umgquba (1: 1: 1). Umhlaba kufuneka ubemanzi kwaye lobushushu igumbi. imbewu Ukuhlwayela izithole itumata ziveliswa nezitya ezincinane elinganiselwa kuma-8 ngu-8 cm, ukuya kubunzulu elingadlulanga 1 cm, 1.5-2 cm Umgama ndawo. Emva koko, ubeke phezu ikepusi iplastiki kwaye beka isikhongozeli ngendlela yaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ibala efudumeleyo elikhanyayo . Obushushu ezifunekayo ukuntshula 20-25 ° C. Ukunkcenkceshela izithole hayi ngaphezulu kwe-1 ixesha imihla esibhozo okanye elishumi. Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kubushushu igumbi sokulungisa. Olona nyango kangangoko ukuba izithole itumata - 18-22 ° C ngexesha lasemini nasebusuku - 15-16 ° C.

Lokondla yokuqala izityalo abaselula kufuneka achithe emva kubonakala gqabi lokuqala oyinyaniso. Sebenzisa esi sixhobo "Agricola-phambili" (1 hr. L. iilitha ezi-2 zamanzi). Emva kokuhluma amagqabi okwenyaniso-2 okanye ezi-3 kufuneka ahlabe kwi iikomityi eyahlukileyo ubukhulu 7-10 yamanzi cm kubo kancinane ngakumbi -. 1 ngeveki, kude epheleleyo isiqaqa yodongwe ane. Xa lobushushu emini iya kugcinwa kwi-12 ° C nangaphezulu, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuqala ucimayo izithole. Ukuze wenze oku, athabathe phandle, umzekelo, kwi ibhalkhoni iiyure ezimbalwa iintsuku eziliqela.

Imbewu ukuba izithole ngoFebruwari - ukuba kusekutsha kakhulu ukuba iitumato, kungcono ukwenza oku Matshi 10-20. Kwisityalo ngexesha kwintshayelelo yayo endle okanye greenhouse kufuneka ibe ukusuka ngamagqabi-8 ukuya kwele-12 enempilo ephuhliswe kakuhle, omnye okanye zinamaqhina ezimbini.

Bell pepper kunye seqanda: Yankee

Iimbewu zihlaliswe izisombululo, njengoko kunjalo iitumato. Emva koko ke kufuneka zigcinwe kwi-25 ° imini C okanye ezimbini, ze emva koko kwiibhokisi uzilungiselele ngomhlaba ukuhlwayela imbewu pha elithozamisayo. Izithole seqanda zilungiswe ngendlela obufanayo. Lo mxube umhlaba Kucetyiswa ezi zililo zilandelayo:

• komhlaba Turf nge wamatye (1: 2);
• wamatye, nja-, kwimbuphu yesarha minor (2: 2: 1);
• nja- kunye nomgquba (2: 2);
• komhlaba Turf ne wamatye elungileyo ngaphandle izinto eziphilayo fresh (2: 3).

Iibhokisi kufuneka ibe nobunzulu abamalunga ne-10 cm. Imbewu pepper kunye seqanda yodaka kungena vee ukuba nzulu malunga 1 cm kwaye ushiye phakathi kwabo umgama-2 cm. Top kufuneka afefe ngomhlaba kunye tamped. lobushushu Ukuntshula - 24-26 ° C. Kamsinya nje ngamasebe, iibhokisi kufuneka ufakwe kwi ndawo onelanga iintsuku 6-7, ngoko izithole asikwazi ukutsala. Emva 2 leaf ukunyuka (wokwenene), izityalo kufuneka singene iindebe ezahlukeneyo (cm-10 ukuya kweli-10). Gqiba ukufika kuyimfuneko phambi kokuba amagqabi Cotyledon. Ukuze isibini kwiiyure ezithile phambi Ukubanga mfuneko kufuneka ukunkcenkceshela izityalo. Iimbiza emhlabeni fill nejongelwe afefe isisombululo zizondlo ( "Agricola-phambili", "bumnandi", imithi uthuthu, humate okanye potassium sulfate).

Iintsuku lokuqala , naluviko lwenza ukuba izithole ukuba zivalwe ukusuka elangeni ngqo. Ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka rhoqo, zonke iintsuku ezi-6, kungakuhle ukudibanisa kunye zokubopha. izityalo lukhuni kufuneka aqale inyanga phambi kokutyala emhlabeni. Xa izityalo kufuneka ibe amagqabi ubuncinane ezisibhozo.

Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuhlwayela imbewu ukuba izithole ngoFebruwari, 10-25 ngemihla ezilishumi yokugqibela, ngelona xesha lisemva. Kulo mzekelo, izityalo gases akhule ingatyalwa malunga ezilishumi iintsuku kukaMeyi, kwaye kwindawo evulekileyo - ekuqaleni kukaJuni. In lwalo yesibini, kuyimfuneko ukuba kusetyenziswe inshorensi film.

Imbewu ukuba izithole zekhaphetshu

Ekuqaleni, kuyimfuneko ukuba sifeze nokuthintela izifo kunokwenzeka. Ukulungiselela le njongo, imbewu zifakwe emanzini ashushu (40-50 ° C) imizuzu eli-15. Emva koko, nkxu emanzini abandayo, ngoko kwakhona nowento ekroqiweyo, kodwa ngoku isisombululo kunye nezondlo (nelitha 1 amanzi iyure-1. L. Nitrophosphate) iiyure ezili-12.

ekulimeni izithole imbewu ikhaphetshu aqala elishumi yokuqala ngoMatshi (amanani 8-10). Oku eliphezulu kumabakala okuqala. Emva kokuba sifakwe, imbewu kufuneka wome kancinane. Lungisa umxube komhlaba elilinganayo iindawo zesanti kunye umgquba, umhlaba Turf. mix yonke ngenyameko, ugalele iibhokisi ze ugalele ngesisombululo potassium permanganate ukuze iintsholongwane. Iimbewu bahlwayelweyo kwi kuyaphi (1 cm) of emseleni, ekufuneka kusala phakathi komgama we-3 cm. Kwathi kamsinya nje ngamasebe kufuneka zitshintshelwe iibhokisi lobushushu igumbi 7-8 ° C. izithole swordplay kufuneka emva kweentsuku 9-10 e iikomityi ezincinane, ezifana iyogurt. Ngexesha Sathi kwesithole elungileyo kufuneka abunjwe ngamagqabi okwenyaniso 2-3.

Zonke iinkcukacha oza neentlobo ikhaphetshu, nezinye iintlobo (kohlrabi, cauliflower, eBrussels ehluma, IsiTshayina) ifuna ubuchule lokutyala eyahlukileyo kancinci. Makhe zihlale ezimbini kuphela.

Brussels sprouts - inkcubeko onzima, kufuneka kuphela lwahluma isithombo indlela, njengoko unalo ixesha elikhulu kakhulu ikhula - iintsuku 150-180. ekuhlwayeleni - Matshi (kuqala isiqingatha sesibini). Kuhlwayelwe emhlabeni, njengoko umgaqo - 1 ukuya kwi-20 Meyi. Brussels sprouts engenako ukumelana mba organic entsha. Bekuya kuba umgquba ilungileyo. Xa izityalo ibe ngu-70 cm ngobude, incam kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo prischipnut.

cauliflower ethandwayo kakhulu. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi, ngasekupheleni. ekulimeni izithole imbewu ikhaphetshu kuqala phakathi ku-Matshi maziqhubeke de ekuqaleni Epreli. Sebenzisa iibhokisi ezincinane, umgama phakathi kwemiqolo kufuneka igcinwe-10 cm, naphakathi sisityalo ngamnye -. Malunga ne-5 cm kwi 2-3 sishiya ibakala ukubunjwa (aba) ukwenza lokunxibela. Kuba oku ukusebenzisa "bumnandi", isodiyam humate okanye urea (Inqaku le 1. L. 10 eelitha zamanzi). Ukusetyenziswa yesisombululo - Iilitha ezingama-5 square 1 imitha nganye. Xa izithole ze cauliflower 4 nosondeza kwegqabi, oko etyalwe emhlabeni ukuya kwindawo esisigxina.

Izithole yemixoxozi: ixesha kunye nemigaqo esisiseko

iintlobo ezininzi kule emifuno liya kuziva kakuhle endle, kodwa ukufumana isivuno ekuqaleni, badla abamba. Imbewu izithole cucumber wavelisa inyanga phambi kokutyala emhlabeni (nge-Apreli). Sebenzisa lomhlaba kokwakhiwa ilandelayo: wamatye, umgquba, kwimbuphu yesarha minor (2: 2: 1). Kunqweneleka ukuba kongeza kuyo nitrophosphate nothuthu (1 no-2, Unguye. N., ngokulandelelanayo). Iimbewu bahlwayelweyo ibe neembiza (8 cm nge-8) omnye nobunzulu malunga 1.5 cm. I pre-bathele ukuba elinqwenelekayo kube iintsuku ezimbalwa phambi kokuba pipping. izithole buthathaka kwaye luthuthu nje isichumiso zinikwa qho iintsuku ezili-10. Sebenzisa ingaba amalungiselelo ezintsonkothileyo, ezifana "Isonka Winner", "lokuzala", "bumnandi" njalo-njalo. D.

Imbewu izithole cucumber iza kubonelela isityalo ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ukongeza, kukho iintlobo ezikhethekileyo afanelekileyo ukuze sikhule phezu windowsills kunye balcony.

Ithanga, amathanga squash: Yankee

Imbewu zonke zontathu izityalo ityalwa ngqo emhlabeni. Kodwa ukuze ufumane isivuno kusasa, kuhle ukuba usebenzise indlela isithombo.

imbewu Squash kufuneka pre-hlala engqayini nesisombululo zizondlo, ukuze ngenye imini. Xa ilitha enye yamanzi usebenzisa 1 gram of "uBud" okanye iyure-1. L. "Ideal". Izithole zikhuliswa kwi bhalkhoni, xa ongcolileyo okanye efestileni. Elinywayo oluqhutywa phaya 10-25 amanani x-Epreli nokuba ekuqaleni May (1-10). Sebenzisa iimbiza ezincinane umlinganiselo-10 ngo-10 cm (umz, nja-). Ubunzulu apho imbewu ehlwayelweyo, - 2-3 cm, ubushushu ekuntshuleni - 18-22 ° C. Ready ukutyala emhlabeni evulekileyo abamba izityalo kufuneka zibe iintsuku 25-30.

Squash kunye ithanga nezithole bakhule ngendlela efanayo, kuphela ixesha ane imbewu luyanda ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu.

Nga riki: ukulinywa izityalo

Iintlobo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo kuyo Mercury, Karatau kunye kade-Bulgarian. Ehlotyeni elifutshane obuyimfuneko bokwenza ngokwembewu imbewu itswele ukuba izithole. Ixesha - phakathi Matshi (amanani 15-20). Pre-imfuneko ukufunxwa imbewu lisongelwe engutyeni iintsuku 5-7. Zihlwayeleleni ngcono nezitya ezincinane kubunzulu ka 1-1.5 cm. Malunga iinyanga 1.5-2 izithole ziya kuba ukulungele. Phambi kokutyala isityalo amagqabi neengcambu inqanyulelwe ukuya 1/3 ubude. Leek uncamela loose natyebileyo kumhlaba organic. Shiya umgama phakathi kwezityalo-20 cm.

izithole celery root

ixabiso layo libe incasa yinqobo ivumba. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi: pedicellate, igqabi kunye neengcambu. Celery unalo ixesha ikhula ngokwaneleyo elide (iintsuku 170-180). Kuyimfuneko ke ngoko ukuba enze ngokwembewu zembewu izithole ngoFebruwari (amanani 5-10). Akhule kuyo ngo bagi nzulu leyo igcwaliswe ngomxube wamatye nomhlaba Turf hi mpimo ngokulinganayo kunye nokongeza kwentlabathi lomlambo. Umaleko womhlaba kufuna 3-4 cm zamafu. Iimbewu nje lwakhula olova kuphela wafefa nge Umaleko obhityileyo womhlaba ngaphezulu (0.2 cm). Ukuba izithole zifunyanwa ashinyeneyo kakhulu, kuyimfuneko ukuba inokubatshabalalisa kubo, ukuze izityalo iya kuqina, hayi nangengalo. The best lobushushu Ukukhula - 15-18 ° C. izityalo Dive babe nqanaba 1-2 amagqabi ku ngeembiza ezincinane kakhulu (6 ngo-6 cm). kwiintsuku ezili-10 emva kokuba oku kufuneka umgquba izithole izichumisi kwezimbiwa ezintsonkothileyo. Kuba izityalo ezisisigxina etyalwe ekuqaleni May.

Imbewu izithole celery - yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo ukufumana isivuno esihle ngexesha isakhelo, kwaye kusenokwenzeka ehlotyeni epholileyo.

Petunia: ixesha lokuhlwayela

Ezi ntyatyambo athandwa begadi ezininzi ngenxa yobuninzi imibala neemilo, kwakunye nezinga basinde. Imbewu izithole UPetunia ezifunekayo, njengoko endle, yena kungenzeka ukuba kulahlekileyo. Oku kuya kufuna nezitya ezincinane ezinomhlaba okubi okanye ukusetyenziswa ipilisi nja-. Imbewu mancinane kakhulu, bona musa ukuba balale kumphezulu umxube lomhlaba, u teke nje kancinane. Maxa wambi oku kwenziwa ikhephu usebenzisa - ndayibeka nje phezu komhlaba. Ngcembe ukunyibilika, yena olova kumngcwaba nembewu. Ukusuka phezulu kungcono ukuvala kwiglasi. Izithole ukuba ukuntywila ngokukhawuleza ezimbini zikhula igqabi (oyinyaniso). imbewu Ukuhlwayela izithole UPetunia eveliswa phakathi ku-Matshi, kwaye izityalo abadala ityalwe emhlabeni ngasekupheleni May. Ngexesha ehlotyeni kufuneka ukondla amaxesha 2-3, uluhlu eliphakathi - ezineentsuku ezimashumi mabini. Umzekelo, sebenzisa "Isonka Winner" iziyobisi, "Rainbow," "esifanelekileyo."

Astra: ukulinywa izityalo

Le kweentyatyambo, isityalo yonyaka swo hlamarisa lerova aman- kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo, imilo eyahlukeneyo intyatyambo, umbala wayo, ubungakanani etyholweni. imbewu Ukuhlwayela intsebenzisano izithole eziveliswe ngo March nango April. Ukulungiselela le iibhokisi eliphantsi okanye zokufefa. Amacebiso umxube yomhlaba zibandakanya umgquba, umhlaba Turf nesanti (2: 1: 0.5). Kwakhona enqwenelekayo ukongeza dolomite yomgubo (2-3 amacephe) kunye neenkuni ash (0.5 iikomityi). Galela umhlaba isisombululo buthathaka lwe manganese. Kunconywa imbewu mix Aster phambi kokuba kutyalwe kunye nasiphi na isiyobisi owomileyo nokubola. Umzekelo, sebenzisa "fundazol". Ukumbela imbewu ngexesha lokutyala ayikho kuyimfuneko, afefe nje emhlabeni okanye wahlamba isanti eyomileyo. lobushushu Ukuntshula - 15 ° C. Checkers, izityalo abaselula iiveki ezintathu okanye ezine emva ukuntshula wabonakala. Kuba asters ezisisigxina Etyelwe ngoMeyi. Bafuna umhlaba evakalala, esisityebi ngezakhi. Khumbula ukuba alandelelanayo iminyaka asters ezimbini kwindawo enye musa ukubeka njengoko oku kwenza Fusarium.

Uhlwayela imbewu izityalo asters kwaye ayikwazi ukukwenza. Ngamanye amaxesha zikhula kakuhle kwindawo evulekileyo. Yiya ngqo kwindawo esisigxina. Ukuhlwayela akuyomfuneko ukuchitha nzima kakhulu, xa izithole bekhula, khetha eyona bomelele yaye besempilweni, lo prischipnite ukuphumla; ngoko musani aphazamisane omnye nomnye.

Amaqunube nestrawberry owahlwayela imbewu izithole

Into yokuqala ukuze nithi, phakathi kwezi ntlobo kukho umahluko obalulekileyo. Amaqunube kakhulu amahlathi kwaye umyezo, ezinkulu, nditsho ezicaweni (eliboniswe ngezantsi). Strawberry - yiloo nto sisetyenziswe ukubiza berry. Oku kungenziwa ezityalwe imbewu okanye emva komnye. Indlela yesibini kulula, kodwa ngoncedo wokuqala ukufumana kumabanga best.

Uhlwayela imbewu izithole istrawberry kufuneka kwenziwe ngoMatshi. Thenga iintlobo ezininzi iintlobo ethandwa kakhulu remontant, zifuna ulondolozo ngaphantsi. Ngokuba ukusetyenziswa ohlwayela umxube komhlaba eliquka umhlaba Turf nesanti yomgrayo (2: 1). Lungiselela izikhongozeli ezincinane kunye umboniso, apho uvale. Imbewu ukuba nzulu kwaye wayifulela kunye nomhlaba. Kuyimfuneko ukuba encotsheni ikhephu, qinisa wrap indawo kwisibandisi iiveki ezi-2. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba ezithile ngokwezinga. Le container kunye imbewu kufuneka ufakwe kwi efestileni. Izithole ngesiqhelo kwi kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Susa umboniso akuyomfuneko ngoko nangoko, imingxuma size ngayo yaye accustom izityalo ukuba iimeko ezintsha. Ukuba izithole of amaqunube eshinyene kakhulu, kungcono ibhityile ngoko ke musa ukutsala kuyo. Ziluma oko kuyimfuneko emva kokuvela ngeembadada amagqabi okwenyaniso.

imbewu Ukuhlwayela strawberry izithole - hayi into elula, kodwa ukuphumelela, ufumana amatyholo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kakhulu amaqunube aqholiweyo. Uluhlu ixabiso indawo egadini. Ezilungele kumathambeka mnene ye icala langasezantsi-ntshona. Le ndawo kufuneka bakhuselwe umoya awo umoya obandayo. On indawo nye ongakhula amaqunube ayikho kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-4, emva koko kufuneka ukuyitshintsha.

Ukuhlwayela iimbewu izithole istrawberry lwenzeka ngendlela efanayo. Le nkcazelo kokwehla ingalungiswa ngokuzimeleyo. Ukuze wenze oku, khetha ityholwana kakhulu uphilile amaqunube ezinkulu. Imbewu thatha isiqu okanye ezo kufutshane emhlabeni. Sika kude inwebu yintlama walala phezu ngelaphu, makhe eyomileyo. imbewu Ready usile ezandleni zakhe, likhulula ethabathela ezinkozweni ese exolweni. Yigcine ngcono kwisingxobo yeglasi.

isithombo yokuzalela - yinto ezibangel 'umdla, kwaye kwezinye iingingqi kuyimfuneko. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ukwenza yonke into ngexesha. Ukuba ixesha alikafiki, kodwa sifuna into ukutyala isitiya semifuno okanye nje ukwenza izinto, qala ukulungiselela umhlaba ngenxa izithole, izixhobo, iikomityi, iibhokisi kunye nezixhobo yonke, leyo kusenokufuneka nawe. Okanye, umzekelo, yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano kunye igadi yemifuno phezu efestileni, wabeka imifuno enuka kamnandi, itswele kunye imifuno.