Imbali kwegazi. station igazi labanye. zoxhaso Wawongwa

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kunzima ukucinga amayeza ngaphandle kokutofelwa kwegazi. Kutshanje, ukutofelwa kwakufuneka kuphela kwimeko apho umntu kwafuneka ukuba abuyekeze ilahleko enkulu, kodwa ukutofelwa igazi namhlanje uyakwazi ukumelana izigulo ezininzi ezimbi. Ngokomzekelo, abaninzi baye bafumana "autohemotherapy" gama, nangona ayisekho loluka angakhetha, kuba ngale ndlela kungonga amawaka abantu. Oku kwakhona ukutofelwa igazi, nto leyo inceda umzimba ukugcina umzimba kunye nokulwa nezifo.

Imbali yamayeza igazi

Imbali ukutofelwa igazi nokunikela iya elide ngaphambili. Ezinye kudala kwaziwa njenge iteknoloji ekhethekileyo amayeza, nto leyo inceda kulondolozwe ubomi isigulane ngabaphethe kwisigulana onke amacandelo e-abanikelayo yomzimba. Ezinye ixhomekeke plasma yegazi, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye nezinye izinto ezithi izixa ezincinane abekho okanye kumguli. Kakade ke, ubugcisa echazwe ngasentla oluntu namhlanje, isibakala sokuba kumaxesha amandulo, oku ngenxa yokuba kungekho nezixhobo ezizodwa apho kwenzeka ukwahlukanisa plasma evela iiseli ezibomvu.

Ukutofelwa igazi yokuqala kwenziwa xa abantu baqaphela ukuba igazi - amaqela aphambili esiphilayo, kwaye ukuba akukho ukuba awukho, abantu bafe nje. Emva iimvavanyo ezininzi, oogqirha wagqiba ukuba kukho kukho ukungavumelani gazi, ngoko ke ubalo ngqo zenziwa kwi inani igazi neyantlukwano yayo ibe ngamaqela ehambelanayo.

Njani ukutofelwa igazi yokuqala, yaye uphuhliso lwenzululwazi olutsha kule ndawo

Kude kube lelo xesha abantu abazange bafumane izixhobo ezizodwa gazi, kwakukho ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukususela ekuqaleni wanika le ndoda nisele igazi entsha wesilwanyana okanye umntu, kodwa, Kakade ke, le ndlela angasebenzi. In search iindlela ezifanelekileyo kunye nezinye iiteknoloji iinzame sele lwenziwe, ngowokuqala kubo uvavanyo ngempumelelo 1848, kodwa ezixhobo ngempumelelo iye liyimfuneko kuphela kwinkulungwane yama-20.

Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba igazi zigcinwe ixesha elide, ngoko ke ngowe-1926 i-Institute ezaziwayo-kakuhle Igazi of Aleksandra Bogdanova wenza ubhaqo ebalulekileyo ukuba iyeza, izazinzulu zeziko kufuneka lubonise ukuba akukho mfuneko ukugcina lonke igazi, kuba uyazi ukuba amacandelo yayo. Ngokusekelwe kwezi ziphumo, saqalisa ukuphuhlisa iindlela ezintsha plasma kulondolozwe, yaye kamva nkqu substitutes igazi sele yenziwe.

Interesting yayenzekile kwimbali igazi

Njengomgaqo, ekuqaleni ukutofelwa igazi linokuba kwenziwa kuphela izalamane abaye wenza njengoko aphesheya kolwandle, umzekelo, kule nkulungwane yama-20 kwakukholelwa ukuba ngumnikeli ingaba mhlawumbi umama kuphela, okanye umzalwana. Oku kwakukholelwa ukuba kule meko kukho ingozi encinane isigulane liya kuqalisa ukuphuhlisa i uxabane okanye igazi akusayi kusebenza. Kodwa kamva, oogqirha baqalisa ukuphuhlisa umxholo iminikelo waza wafumanisa ukuba kubaxhasi ukuze sibe nje izalamane, kodwa abanye abantu abanqwenela ukuba banikele ngegazi.

Ngaloo imbali ukutofelwa igazi baqala ukuphuhlisa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. qho ngonyaka amayeza kubonwa kwicala Breakout, kwaye ngoku kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango ezisebenzisa ukutofelwa igazi inokunyanga nkqu izifo kakhulu entsonkothileyo ebulalayo. Ngokuba donor igazi igazi - isiganeko ngokupheleleyo ekhuselekileyo, ngoko unyaka unako ukwenza iinkqubo ezininzi ezinjengezo.

Yintoni na le nto ukutofelwa igazi yesilungu?

Okwangoku, iyeza ayikwazi bacinge ngaphandle ukutofelwa igazi. Umzekelo, xa usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe autohemotherapy, isigulana unalo ithuba ukuze kunyuswe amajoni akho omzimba ngaphandle nawuphi na umonakalo kwimpilo yabo, ngomhla kumsitho kohola akukho zilumkiso, kodwa kulo mzekelo, xa zenziwa ukutofelwa igazi, RH into kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo kwaye iya kuba iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo, ukuba abanikele ke izalamane. Oku ukutofelwa Lendlela ingasetyenziswa ukuhlaziya igazi, igazi kunye nezinye izinto ezimbi ebantwini. Kubalulekile ukuba lo gqirha yakwazi isifo ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngexesha athathe onke amanyathelo okususa kuyo.

Ngubani na ke akanakuba ukutofelwa igazi?

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ukuba abe donor - kulilungelo, ngoko abantu abaninzi abafuna eli isihloko, ngoko kubalulekile ukuba bahlolisise ngenyameko umbuzo ngubani na ukunikela kangakanani ngegazi nerenti kulo nyaka. Ukunikela ayikho nzima ukuba le ndlela nakanjani bonke abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-18 kunye nama-60, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba kufanele babe Izimo impilo. Ngelo xesha ukusuka exhasanayo ingathatha phantse 500 ml igazi. Abantu abaye babe ubunzima bomzimba ngeekhilogram ngaphantsi kwama-50, kufuneka bangenele oogqirha ezikhethekileyo ngubani na ukunika isiqinisekiso sokuba umntu inokufana kubalizi.

Abanye abantu babe Izimo zabo, kwaye oku kuthetha ukuba ngeke isebenze njenge exhasanayo, kule meko a igazi imiphumo igazi ukuba zingabiza ubomi. Umzekelo, ukuba ukunikela akanako umntu owakha ubunzima obunjalo izifo ubomi bakhe;

1. Umntu one-HIV.
2. Ukuba une negcushuwa, kungakhathaliseki nokuba ngaba iziphene okanye lufundiwe.
3. iziphumo zovavanyo entle kohlobo.
4. Tuberculosis.

Ukuze bakwazi ukuvelisa ucingo plasma kuzo zonke iidolophu kukho isikhululo gazi, apho abaxhasi presumptive unokuwisa zonke iimvavanyo kwaye uqiniseke ukuxuma igazi.

Xa unikwe zoxhaso yekhethelo?

Ukuba uthathe ingqalelo thina iinkcukacha-manani, kwisikhululo kunyaka omnye igazi yeyona utyelelo kumyinge oncomekayo ukuya babaxhasi 20,000. Kodwa ke into yokuba eli nani lehla ngokukhawuleza, kuba abantu abaselula balapha ukuba igazi kakhulu, kwaye abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka ngonyaka mayibonakale yonke into. Le Mboniselo endibulala imele ezobuRhulumente, ke ngoko, ukuba ukuzoba "donor yekhethelo" kunokuba abanikele ngaphezulu, isihloko livele. Mangaphi amaxesha ukunika igazi - umbuzo iqhelekileyo phakathi kwabantu abatsha abafuna ukufumana loo kwisihloko. Kakade ke, kukho imida kulo mba, ekubeni plasma zingasetyenziswa hayi ngaphezulu kaninzi kabini ngenyanga. abanikeli Wawongwa abantu abenza enu.

Ingxaki yokuswela igazi namhlanje iyatyhilwa ngenye indlela, oosonzululwazi uzama ukufumana indawo igazi, kodwa akukho ndlela apho oku kungenziwa, ngoko ke umnikelo - ndlela kuphela ukusindisa ubomi babantu abaninzi.

Njengoko igazi likhuselwe ngumthetho

Ukutsala inani elikhulu abaxhasi ngemali, bazama ukuba ukudala meko ichazwe ngokucacileyo kwimithetho kumazwe awahlukeneyo. Cinga ezona ziphambili:

1. Ngosuku xa onikelayo unika igazi, yena uxolelwa umsebenzi-mveliso okanye komnye ummandla umsebenzi walo, ngelixa iholo kusindiswa.
2. Wenze umnikelo waba nako ukuzifumana, yena unikwe usuku off emva kokuba igazi.
3. Igazi lomnikelo ngokuyimfuneko kuqinisekiswa ngesiqinisekiso, ngenxa apho imivuzo ethe imini ephosiweyo.

Kungakhathaliseki wazikrazula zingaphi ngegazi, bonke bephela akhuselwe ngumthetho.

Kwi onikelayo obekekileyo ungalindela isiqabu?

Xa umntu enikela igazi kwi-mali iingedosi ubuninzi 40, iba ngokuzenzekelayo zoxhaso yekhethelo. abanikeli VIP babe iinzuzo zabo:

1. Aba bantu banelungelo unyango simahla.
2. Amayeza ezikhemisti kufuneka fukami i-50% isaphulelo.
3. Imbali ukutofelwa igazi ibonisa ukuba abaninzi abanikeli enjalo namhla ume ngaphandle iivawutsha simahla zokuzihlaziya zokulala zempilo.

Kufuneka Makukhunjulwe ukuba ngegazi akuthethi kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba bachithe imizuzu ngokwaneleyo 15 ubuncinane kanye ngenyanga ukuze asindise ubomi.

Imisebenzi lowo wayingcwalisayo uthe phambi kokwenza umsebenzi befikelwa

Ukuze ukwazi Kwathi plasma, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukukhumbula ukuba umntu ngamnye imithetho yayo:

1. Isikhululo lokuqala igazi exhasanayo angafuna uxwebhu iya kungqina ubuni balo, kungakuhle ukuba incwadi yokundwendwela.
2. Le mali kufuneka zihlale zinolwazi ngazo zonke iinkcukacha eziyimfuneko, kuquka kwizifo ezosulelayo ebuntwaneni.
3. Le mali unyanzelekile ukuxelela nani malunga utyando, ababenaye unyaka phambi kokuba igazi, enoba tyando abancinane.

Phi kwaye njani unikele ngegazi?

Nokuba kwiidolophu ezincinane, igazi kungathatha izibonelelo zonyango ezizodwa. A imbali igazi ibandakanya iimeko ezifana apho oogqirha kwakufuneka ukuba asebenze ebugxwayibeni kakhulu, kodwa ukumelana kwelona nqanaba liphezulu. Kakade ke, ukwenza ucingo iiseli ngamnye ngeke isebenze kwiziko non-olulodwa, ngenxa yesizathu esilula ukuba ithatha unonophelo lwako nezinye iingcali ezininzi. Nikela igazi akukho nzima, nje uye kwisikhululo ekufutshane igazi kwaye anikezele zonke iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko kwandule ke ukwalathisa kocingo plasma, yaye abantu baya kukwazi ukuba bazibize ukunikela. Maxa wambi iyibeke isikhululo gazi mobile, kananjalo kube lula kakhulu ukuba abantu ezinkulu-ixesha.

Indlela ukuba balungiselele ngokunika igazi?

Ukuze ukunikela ngegazi, akukho mfuneko ngandlel ngendlela ekhethekileyo ukulungiselela kuyo. Sekunjalo, oogqirha bacebisa ukulandela eminye imithetho:

1. Ayikhuthazwa tu into yokuba igazi ukuba usandul owayebethelelwe umvambo.
2. Ukuba kukho iingxaki kunye DYSTONIA sentliziyo.
3. Ukuba kutshanje umntu sele iphathwa amazinyo.
4. Akunakwenzeka ukuba kwiintsuku ezimbini phambi kokuba isiselo lomnikelo ezinetyuwa, okroqiweyo, zinongiwe. Ayikhuthazwa ukusela utywala, badle iimveliso zobisi.

Njengoko ubona, imbali igazi esisityebi kunene, oko esoloko itshintsha, kunye isixa esikhulu qho ngonyaka iindlela ezintsha ezinceda ukugcina ubomi izigidi abadala kunye nabantwana, ngoko ke abaxhasi yekhethelo - ayikho kuphela uxanduva, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba umntu ngamnye.