Imayini yamanqangi: iimpawu zobugcisa. Iintlobo kunye namagama eemigodi yokulwa neetanki

Iimigodi zikarobhothi ezilula zenzelwe ukutshabalalisa inzuzo yokutshaba intshaba. Isixhobo sabo sinokuthi sihluke, kodwa isitshixo sinye. Ngaphandle kokuthatha inxaxheba komntu okanye kunye nokusebenza kwabo kude, baqhuma, badala izinto ezilimazayo, eziphambili kwaye eziqhelekileyo zazo ziyi- wave wave kunye nokuhamba kwezinto ezinobungozi (okanye i-jet cumulative). Uthini umahluko phakathi kweyayimigodi yamanki kunye nabasebenzi bam Eli liya kuba ibali.

Imbali yam zixhobo zam

Olu hlobo lwezixhobo zobunjineli luyaziwa ixesha elide. Leli gama lam phambi kokuba lenze ihlawuliswa ngecala, kodwa uhlobo lokumba phantsi kwesakhiwo soqhagamshelwano, esaphulile ukulimaza iipropati zayo ezikhuselayo. Esi sikhotho senze ukuba sikwazi ukungena ngaphaya kweendonga zokhuselo, kunye nokusebenza okubanzi komhlaba kuncedise ukutshatyalaliswa kweendonga kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezikhusele ukuhlaselwa. Emva koko, njengengcali yezobuchwepheshe eziphuhlisiwe, la mavesi angaphantsi komhlaba aqala ukubonelelwa ngeentlawulo ze-powder ukwenzela ukuba inkqubo yokuphula izicwangciso zenzeke ngokugqithiseleyo. Ngokuhambelana nokutshintsha kwindlela yokuzitshintsha ngokwabo, iifomu zazo zaphuculwa kwakhona. Uphuhliso lwezobunjineli zombane lwenze lula umsebenzi wokuqhawula kude. Ngexesha leMfazwe yaseCrimea, ngokokuqala ngqa, iimigodi zasolwandle zazisetyenziswa kakhulu . Imfazwe yomhlaba yabasenyakatho nabasemantla, eyabangela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-USA (1861-1865), yaqalisa ukusetyenziswa kwamasimi emimandla ngexesha lokuzikhusela. Abasebenzi beemigodi ezichasene nabasebenzi ngeesampuli ezifana nezo zangoku zivivinywe ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi yokuqala. Emva koko baphathwa njengomlinganiselo wokunyanzeliswa, osebenza kuphela kula maxesha xa kwakudingeka ukuba kubekho umqobo obangela ukuba intshaba iphakame.

Iimigodi ziyahluke

Abasebenzi bokungabikho kwabasebenzi babonakalise ukuba bangabonakalisi kuphela kumajoni, kodwa nakwabahashe, okwakubonwe umkhosi omkhulu wemikhosi ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Izithuthi ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo, kuquka nezithuthi ezizikhuselekileyo, nazo zathinteka kwiintlawulo ezingcwatywayo, kodwa isakhiwo esikhethekileyo esilungiselelwe ukutshabalalisa iitank, ukukhawuleza nokukhuseleka, kwakungakaqalwa. Iimeko zatshintshiswe ngamashumi amathathu, xa i-strategists, ecinga ukuba yayiyithembisayo, yabonakala ngokucacileyo ukuba imfazwe eyayiza kuba yinto ehambahambayo, kwaye imikhosi kunye neenqwelo zokulwa ziza kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuyo. Kwi-aircraft, ingxoxo ekhethekileyo, njengoko imbali yamanqaku anamhlanje ibonisiwe, kukho ukuphikisana ngokuzenzekelayo ngokuchasene nayo ... Kodwa ngakumbi malunga nale nto kamva. Okwangoku, uhlobo olutsha lwezandla zobunjineli lubonakala - i-antitank yam. Ngalo lonke uqobo olufanayo kunye no-"udade" walo olwachasene nabasebenzi, luhluke kakhulu kulo. Umsebenzi abaqulunqi bezakhiwo xa beyila le ntlawulo ngefestile kwakuhlukile.

Yintoni okufanele ibe yimizi yabasebenzi

Isixhobo, esidalwe ukutshatyalaliswa ngokufanelekileyo kwabasebenzi, kufuneka sihlangabezane neemfuno zamacandelo. Ngethuba lokuqhuqhuma, kufuneka kudalwe inani elincinci leemfumba, ukuhamba ngesivinini esaneleyo kubangele umonakalo omkhulu. Kule meko, umgodi kufuneka ube lula, ngaphandle koko kuya kuba nzima ukuba i -appappers ithwale kwaye ifake. Umzekelo yiyo ebizwa ngokuba yi "Petals". Imigodi yohlobo lwe-PFM-1 kunye ne-PFM-1C yakopishwa kwiisampula zaseMerika ezibizwa ngokuthi "iDragontooth" (Dragontooth) - BLU-43. Banobukhulu becala, kodwa bangela umonakalo omkhulu kumntu osebenzayo, ukwenza imisebenzi emibini kwangoko. Okokuqala, "iPetal", njengomthetho, ayibangeli ukulimala okubulalayo, kodwa kuphela amajoni anesifo esilumkileyo, okwenza umthwalo owongezelelweyo kwizoqoqosho zentshaba. Okwesibini, banokuzibhubhisa (ekuguqulweni kwe "C"), nto ibaluleke kakhulu ekulungiseleleni ukuhlaselwa.

T-35 kunye ne-T-42 malunga ne-T-34

Imayini yamanqangi, njengoko ibonakala egameni layo, iyanceda ukulwa neenqwelo zokulwa. Umsebenzi, owenziwe i-sappers, ukuwubeka, unobuncinane kumonakalo kwinqwelo yokuqhuba itanki. Ngaphambili kwakukholelwa ukuba oku kwanele ukulibazisekisa intshaba. Ngokomzekelo, umgodi waseJamani olwachasayo iT-35, osetyenziswa yi-Wehrmacht ngexesha leMfazwe yesiBini yeSizwe ngokumalunga nemikhosi ye-Red Army kunye namaqabane ayo, anesisindo esipheleleyo se-5 kg. Iimpawu ezifanayo zilinganayo ngokufanayo kwi-T-42, zombini iisampulu zine-casing yensimbi, eyenza ukuba bafumane ukufunyanwa kwabo ngabamkeli bemigodi yamandla kagesi. Kwakunzima kakhulu kwiinjineli ukufumana imithi, eyenziwe ngesandla ngesandla ekupheleni kwemfazwe, kodwa i-charge yabo yayingenamandla kakhulu. Phantse yonke imayini yamatekisi yeso sihlandlo yayisebenza xa iimbumba zithintela, iifomu zadibana nazo.

Emva kwemfazwe

Imfazwe yaphela, kodwa iitanki zahlala. Kwaye babesemagunyeni amazwe ayesandul 'ukusebenzisana, kodwa ngoku abe ngabachasene nabo. Amava afunyenwe kwiimfazwe ezikhokelela ekuphuculweni kwezixhobo zokulwa neetanki, kubandakanywa nemigodi. Ukongeza, iinjineli kunye nososayensi abazange bahlale ngaphandle. Ulwaphulo lokulwa oluhlangeneyo lubonakalise imimandla ekhuselekileyo yezithuthi ezizikhuselekileyo, kunye neesampuli eziphuculweyo ziza kuhanjiswa kuzo. Ukuze kucacise ukufunyanwa, iinqwelo zenziwe ngeplastiki, kodwa oku kwabangela enye ingxaki. Ngenxa yokulahleka kwemephu yamacandelo omhlaba wamanzi, umsebenzi wama-sappers wawunzima kakhulu. Kodwa iindidi zeefusi kunye neendlela zokutshintsha komlilo kwizithuthi ezizikhuselekileyo zandisiwe.

TM-62

Ilula kakhulu yi-Soviet anti-tank yamanzi TM-62M. Ukwakhiwa kwalo kuphinda kuphinda iimbono eziqhelekileyo zentlawulo zamashumi eminyaka edlulileyo. Umzimba wenziwe ngesinyithi, umnxeba unxibelelwano kwaye umelana nomthwalo we-150 kg, ongabandakanyi ukusebenza kwawo ngokukhawuleza. Ingasetyenzwa ngoncedo lweendlela ezisetyenzisiweyo (umzekelo, i-mine yeerpillar minerer GMZ okanye i-helicopter systems), okwandisa isantya seemigodi. Isisindo sokulinganisa si-7 kg, isisindo esipheleleyo si-10 kg. Ngomxholo walo, ngumhlaba wemigodi yomhlaba, isenzo esiphezulu somoya-moya. Emva kokuhlaselwa kwe-TM-62M, itanki lidiliza i-rollers, i-hull iyahlukana ngokukhawuleza, abasebenzi bafumana ingqungquthela enamandla, kwaye ukuba iinqwelo zivaliwe, ziyafa. Iinjongo eziphambili zalo mgo zilula, amandla aphezulu, ukukhupha, ukunyaniseka nokuthembeka. Ngesiseko sayo, iindidi zeentlobo zamabhunga, ezahlukileyo kwisisindo kunye nomlo, zenziwe.

Ukuphoqelela umsebenzi

Ingongoma ekhuselekileyo nayiphi na itanki ingezantsi. Isixhobo sakho sobini kwicala ngalinye kunye nendawo yecandelo lejini, kodwa ukuphumelela ngokuphumelelayo kwanoma iyiphi iyunithi yezithuthi ezikhuselekileyo kunele ukuqhuma ixabiso phantsi kwalo. Ngayo yonke into efanelekileyo, umgobo we-TM-62M awusebenzi phantsi kwezantsi, kodwa xa i-poplar iyitshitshisileyo, kwaye ininzi yokutshatyalaliswa kwamabonakalo iyaphupha kude nekholo, okunciphisa amathuba okutshatyalaliswa kweempahla. Ukongezelela, kule meko into ebalulekileyo yinto yokufihla. I-saboteur inokuseka isithuthi kunye nendlela yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo, kodwa ubunzima bayo bube buncinci. I-anti-tank yam ye-TM-72 iyinkimbinkimbi. Kungokwemvelo ukuqokelela. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa kusebenze i-jet ehamba phambili enegesi elishisayo, enokukwazi ukungena kwiinqwelwe ezinamandla. Kodwa oko akusiyo yonke into, i-fuse yomgodi inikeza ukulibaziseka, okuqinisekisa ukukhunjulwa phakathi kwetanki elihambayo, apho apho iinqununu ezibalulekileyo nakwiindawo ezikhuselekileyo zikhona-iimpahla kunye nokuhanjiswa. Isixhobo sichaphazela utshintsho kwintsimi yamagnetic, esichaza "ukuqonda" kunye nokunokwenzeka kokubangelwa ngengozi. Oku kunqongophala kwazo zonke ezo zixhobo. Ukongeza, i-TM-72 ilula ukuthotyelwa ngokuhamba. Ukuba, ngokuqinisekileyo, intshaba inolwazi malunga nengozi yokumbiwa kwemayini.

Ukhetho lweMichanical

Uhlobo olufanayo lwe-anti-tank uhlobo lwe-TMK-2 lusebenza, olubhekwa njengoluthembekileyo. Ukwahlukana ngumfaki-fuse, usebenza kumgaqo-mechanical-lever. I-sensor yentonga yesikhokelo isuka kumhlaba, kwi-platoon yokulwa yimiba iba emva kokuphambuka kwayo kwiindawo ezingezantsi, kwaye emva kwexesha elifutshane (ukususela kwisithathu ukuya kwisiqingatha sesibini, kwanele ukuba itanki iqhube isigxina somzimba), iqhuba iqhume, iqukethe i-jet ekhulayo. Ubunzima bezinto eziqhumayo zi-6 kg. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwemoto yokulwa kuqinisekisiwe, kodwa nangona ukuthembeka okukhulu kuqhathaniswa ne-TM-72, enye impendulo ehleliyo: ukunciphisa ezi zixhobo zilula. Ukufumanisa ukuba i-sapper eyaziwayo ephuma kwiiponki zomhlaba ayilona ingxaki enkulu.

E macala

Akunjalo kuphela amacimbi kunye nezantsi kuya kuba yiithagethi zeemigodi ze-tank. Impumelelo iyilwayilo-TM-73, eliyisethi yomqhubi we-grenade oqhelekileyo "Fly", iindlela zayo zokuncedisa emhlabathini kunye ne-detonator icinywa. Ngamanye amagama, iBhazooka ikhupha xa ubuchule bentshaba buphulaphula ukuthembeka kwesolulelo. Umnxeba we-TM-83 unomdla ngakumbi. Ifakwe kwihlabathi, njengoko isalathiso sayo sisetyenziswe. Emva kokuzisa inkokhelo kwindawo yokudubula, inzwa yesistim ephendulela kwi-vibration yomhlaba iqala ukusebenza. Ukuba oku kuchanekileyo, umyili weqhosha lomgca we-infrared uvuliwe. I-core cumulative ingena kwi-armor ubukhulu be-decimeter ukusuka kumgama weemitha ezingama-50. Ukuba umkhondo we-thermal awubonakali, i-mine ifika kwindawo yayo yasekuqaleni kwaye ilinde ukujoliswa okulandelayo.

Kwaye nokukhusela kwimoya kuthetha

Ii-helicopter kunye neeplanethi zokuhlaselwa komhlaba zidla ngokuba ngamatekisi ezindizayo. Oku kuyinyaniso, kuba ukuhamba kweemidlalo namhlanje kunokubakho ukugcinwa okunamandla, ukuxhobisa izixhobo zokulwa, "ukuboleka" kwizixhobo ezisemhlabeni, kungabikho ukukhankanya izibhamu. Iimigodi zeRussia Federation namanye amazwe zenzelwe ukulwa nezinto ezinqamlezayo, zombini iindiza kunye neenqwelo-moya. Umzekelo uyi-high-tech i-PVM, eyenziwa ngama-1990s kwaye yenzelwe ukutshabalalisa izinto ezindizayo ezinomxholo obalulekileyo. Inkqubo yekhokelo isebenza kwiziteshi ezimbini (i-acoustic kunye ne-infrared). "Iipilisi" kwimigangatho yokulwa zibekiwe, zenze isiseko, isenzi nganye ngekhilomitha sinquma isandi senjongo ehambahambayo, ngoko i-sensor ye-heator iqondisa iibhamu kuyo. Ukuqhaqhaqhaqhaqha, okufakwe kwiqokobhe ejikelezayo, imililo kwisantya se-3 km / s kunye nokuqhawula ukukhuselwa kwezixhobo zokhuseleko kunye nobubanzi be-12 mm. Umda wokutshatyalaliswa awukho ngaphantsi kweemitha ezilikhulu. Imayini ye-helicopter imele ifakwe ngesandla kunye neendlela zendiza. Ukuhlaselwa kweentshaba "ezindibanqanawa ezindizayo" kuya kutshatyalaliswa.