Igazi - lelona ulwelo engundoqo bume lwangaphakathi omzimba, kodwa ngenxa yokuba inemisebenzi: nokuphefumla, okunesondlo, uthutho kunye nabanye abaninzi. Ngokusebenza kwabo, enesifo isakhiwo kakhulu entsonkothileyo. Oku izinto nje zime, kodwa kukho ezininzi iiproteni carrier (albumin, haptoglobin, transferrin), izinqumisi (FI-FXIII), kwakunye nenkqubo ngumphelelisi, iinkqubo njengesikhuseli umzimba, njl Ukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amalungu ayo angasebenzisana ngexesha elinye ngaphandle kokuphazamisa enye nenye kwaye ukugcina ingqibelelo yabo yaye umsebenzi, eli laphu unesethi constants ezixhasa oko sikarhulumente engamanzi. Ngoko ke, ngokuba isigxina uxinzelelo oncotic mali kuyimfuneko ngokungqongqo protein, ukuba bagcine lwesilinganiso asidi-base - eziphahle inkqubo igazi, iipropati osmotic - electrolyte Intsalela ion ezahlukeneyo - isodiyam, potassium, chlorine, magnesium calcium. Kwakhona kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba umlinganiselo coagulation kunye anticoagulation imitshini, oku ekunqandeni izinto ngaphandle kokuba ukuba kwisigaba engasebenziyo. Lobushushu kuchaphazela imo iiprothini, yaye ingcinezelo kwenxenye iigesi (oksijini carbon dioxide) ubonisa ngesidanga umsebenzi sokuphefumla.
isakhiwo
iinkqubo buffer plasma - zezona wokhuselo eziphambili ukugcina pH, kuba kunjalo izalathi zayo ezithile kungena ezininzi ekudibaneni kwemichiza. Ukuze ukubanceda, kukho isabelo-carbon dioxide kunye nokukhanya metabolites - nezintso.
Kodwa ke inkqubo uxhaso igazi - ebizwa ngokuba unendima esemqoka kule utshintsho incinane kwezinye nezalathisi phakade. Ziqulethe amacandelo amabini alinganayo - abanikelayo kunye Proton acceptor, enkosi ubudlelwane emsebenzini angenza zombini alkalify kunye oxidizing bume. Xa abantu kukho inkqubo 4 uxhaso igazi: yesoda (acceptor Na / KHCO3 + H2CO3 onikelayo), phosphate (abaxhasi H2PO4 + acceptor ngohlobo sodium layo okanye potassium ityuwa), ihemoglobin (donor - ngokwayo haemoglobin / yena ioksijini-imilo, lo gama i acceptor - ezinxulumene uxhulumaniso ngayo - gemoglobinat / oksigemoglobinat). Kananjalo iipropati ziyatshintsheka kukho plasma iiproteni apho kukhonza ngokulinganayo nje isiseko kwaye xa iasidi. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo kumthamo yoxinzelelo lwe-pH igazi olupheleleyo kuluhlu medium of 7.35 (ngemithambo) kunye 7.40 (kwi imithambo).
i pH
Xa nasiphi na isifo kwenzeka uphazamiseko kweenkqubo pathways emzimbeni, wabonakalaliswa kuphuhliso alkalosis igazi (ngakumbi ubukho ialakalin medium) okanye asidi (asidi). Oku kuchaphazela izinto ezenza, iinwebu zabo iseli esidala kunye neeproteni kwenzakalise isakhiwo zabo. Ngaloo ndlela, ukusabela yamachiza kuwaphula ngokubaleka eqhelekileyo zophendlo lwezifo: nokwanda igazi ekunqandeni, ubulunga omzimba nxamnye zaso kwaye, ingakumbi, imiphumela emibi kwisistim luvo (ebangela Encephalopathy). Oku kukhokelela kuphuhliso iingxaki kunye eziya zisiba ke sifo, kwaye kuyingozi kakhulu, enokuqhutywa iindlela ukophulwa ezingqondweni lomguli de kuphuhliso isiqaqa.