Iinkonzo Russian ngasese kunye nembali yazo

Bona ziphantse sihlale izithunzi, kodwa umsebenzi omkhulu. Kwaye lo msebenzi kuxhomekeke ngqo kwi bayahlelwa karhulumente. Iinkonzo Russian ezizodwa - njengesixhobo ngamandla, kunye umtshutshisi, inkundla, umkhosi, nto leyo ebonakalisa ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente nokwenza izinto zikaRhulumente. Kunjalo nakaloku, kwakuyakuhlala kwaye ngokupheleleyo kuwo onke amazwe.

Imbali kweenkonzo ezizodwa iya, mhlawumbi, kumaxesha amandulo, ngemihla xa eRashiya iintlola baqesha ngokwabo. Basondela arhente zokucupha yokuqala, ubukrelekrele emkhosini. Ngendlela, ukuba logo ezi Imizimba a bat. Iingxelo zisetyenziswa ngokubonakalayo ngenxa kwezigqibo malunga behlasela yabamelwane abathetheli ezindala Russian, yokuqhutywa iimfazwe loloyiso.
Ngokusesikweni, iinkonzo ezizodwa Russian zarekhodwa ebukumkanini Tsar Alexis ngo-1649. Ukunyamekela ngokhuseleko, yena yayikukuqinisekisa ephantsi wazalelwa ukuba bakhonze kwi-ofisi yakhe yobuqu. In 1654g. yayibizwa umyalelo efihlakeleyo, apho abasebenzi babe ezikhethekileyo igunya. Emva kokufa ukumkani apheliswe, ityala kugqithiselwa umyalelo Ambassadorial. Ukuze ngoku ingxelo kuphela kukumkani, bamlandela imisebenzi irhuluneli, izigidimi, ii-arhente zikarhulumente abazibandakanya ubukrelekrele kunye nezopolitiko. Iinkonzo ezizodwa Russian ke ngoko nangoku buthathaka kakhulu, kodwa amanyathelo yokuqala karhulumente kuphuhliso lwabo zenziwa.

Xa utshintsho uPetros I Kwakukho amapolisa rhoqo, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa Interior (apho nokungeniswa bawelileyo izakhiwo kwexesha amapolisa), yaye ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Amapolisa yahlulwe gendarme, County, kamasipala kunye nokusebenza-search.
Iziza e elikomkhulu kunye imizi emikhulu, esathi, yahlulwe esihlala apho amapolisa besemsebenzini. Le counties baba Mills kunye amagosa asebupoliseni abe. Emizaneni yabo imisebenzi zamapolisa yenziwe guards ilali. Ngo-1903. ukuze komelezwe okwilizwe zamapolisa abalindi amapolisa sadalwa, iiyunithi ihashe yamapolisa steel esekelwe.

ISebe Police, kunye nemisebenzi kwisebe zokucupha kuqhutywa uphando lwentsebenziswano.
I Gendarmerie esinamandla kakhulu. Amabutho Gendarmes (ngamnye, wadala 1827) Ukuba umbutho yasemkhosini ngandlela zonke (ukumatsha, uqoqosho, ulawulo) yaye ingxelo ngqo kwi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa lezoKhuselo, kwaye ngo-1880 njengenxalenye ye-Ofisi yoMphathiswa of Internal Affairs.

Fast phambili kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Emva kokuba October Revolution of Russia kufuneka ukuqinisekisa ukukhusela iimfanelo zalo ukuba ulwazi malunga utshaba kunye nezicwangciso zakhe ezisitheleyo.
Kuye kwagqitywa ukudala inkonzo ayingaphandle Cheka - OGPU, kunye imizimba iiyunithi KGB kunye emkhosini, kunye kungenzeka sezobuntlola kunye counterintelligence imisebenzi kwezigqibo elizimeleyo, kodwa injongo ephambili kulwa intshukumo counter-revolution. Ngoko iinkonzo ezizodwa Russian izihlandlo eziliqela yatshintsha igama layo. 1920. - i Cheka phantsi RSFSR NKVD.

1941, Februwari - xa ngokuhlanganisa iinkonzo zokhuseleko kwakhona NKVD yohlulwe Commissariats. One of them - Interior, okwesibini - urhulumente. ukhuseleko. Iinkonzo zokhuseleko Russian bazimele.

. 1941, Julayi - NKGB kunye NKVD ezihlanganiswe NKVD enye, nequka.

1943 - wadala gu Counterintelligence "Smersh" kwaye iya phantsi kwesandla yaBantu Commissariat.

Emva kwemfazwe, kukho nenye kuhlela.
. 1946, Matshi - wadala MGB, umsebenzi wakhe - ubukrelekrele kunye counterintelligence. Zombini ngaphakathi kwilizwe nangaphandle, ehlabathini jikelele.

. 1954, Matshi - ukudaleka umzimba omtsha - iKGB (nobukrelekrele, counterintelligence), eyaqhubeka de ekuweni USSR.

1991. - esinye kuhlela. KGB uqalisa iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo phezulu: umda, ukhuseleko karhulumente, unxibelelwano karhulumente, Isibali-ubukrelekrele, ubukrelekrele.

ngonyaka omnye phambi ngokuhlanganisa yiSoviet Union ungena Interpol. NgoSeptemba 1993, iRashiya, njengoko ezihlangwini ungenela ezintlwini ICPO-Interpol.
Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa NCBs ukuba bafumane amava, ivavanye kwaye idala iinkonzo ezizodwa Russian ezikhoyo namhlanje.