Iinkomo esifo: unyango kunye neempawu

Kwihlabathi kukho amakhulu iintsholongwane ezahlukeneyo yayintsholongwane eyosulela kunye nezifo ezibangelwa ngabo. Kodwa iinkomo esifo - in kwebali ngohlobo lwayo, njengoko kwaba arhente yakhe yasetyenziswa ukwenza lokugonya yokuqala yehlabathi. Namhlanje, le sifo ayikho nje eqhelekileyo, kodwa kuluncedo ukukhumbula bonke abanini ezi zilwanyana.

Yintoni na?

Cowpox - isifo wentsholongwane egazini, esizibonakalisa ekwimo yimbonakalo isikhumba izilonda ezincinane pustules, elandelwa elifutshane elide kunye ukunyuka okungephi obushushu ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni wesilwanyana leyo. kolusu ngokuqhelekileyo shwaka ngokwabo (ngexesha). Noko ke, xa amajoni omzimba isilwanyana iya bacinezelwa iziyobisi okanye ezinye izifo, usulelo kungenziwa kuhlobo enzima, nto leyo naxa ingumbandela ozaliswe ziziphumo ezingemnandi.

Ezibangela isifo

Kukho iintsholongwane ezininzi ezibangela nerhashalala, onako osulele iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba intsholongwane vaccinia yosulela iinkomo, oko kwabhalwa amatyala amaninzi yokosulela kwezinye izilwanyana zasekhaya njengoba iinkomo hayi ichibi wasemvelweni eli gciwane. Ngokukodwa, oko ngokuphindaphindiweyo uye wachaza ngokoyiswa intsholongwane iikati zasekhaya kunye neengwenkala, neenkomo, kunye (ngokufuthi) abantu abasebenza kunye iinkomo.

Ukongeza, esi sifo zenzeke izinja, iindlovu kunye namahashe. Okumangalisayo kukuba, izazinzulu ezininzi bacinga ukuba umkhosi endalo intsholongwane vaccinia na ... iimpuku ezincinane!

Bezilwanyana bakholelwa ukuba ubhubhane ingqakaqa imihlambi angawodwa iimazi (kwiilali ezikude) zinokubakho kuphela ngenxa yezenzo le ngabathengisi. Ezi liphethwe: vole bank (Clethrionomys glareolus), i vole eqhelekileyo (Microtus agrestis) kunye mouse nendlu (Apodemus sylvaticus).

Kuphononongo abangaphezu kwe-1,5 lamawaka iimpuku, abaphandi sele uqinisekile ukuba ubuncinane-27% kubo abathwali zendalo le ntsholongwane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le "amatanki ngemilenze" musa naziphi na iimpawu zosulelo ukubonisa. Amatyala vaccinia (kwaye rhoqo) ingxelo kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu, kuquka Austria, Belgium, eFransi, eJamani, eNetherlands, i-UK, yaseScandinavia kwaye kulo lonke elalisakuba yiSoviet Union.

Kwenzeka ntoni kwamanye amazwe Asia and Afrika, kuyimfuneko ukuba mabaqashele kuphela. Noko ke, rhoqo zemvelo izincoko kunye ethnographers zibonisa ukuba cowpox kwezi ndawo kuhlangana rhoqo phezu.

Ukunwenwa kwesi sifo

Ukosuleleka phakathi iimazi kunye nezinye izilwanyana zasekhaya ekukholelwa ukuba kubi kakhulu, kodwa kukho emsindweni kuxhomekeke indawo eendawo bendawo ethile. Akukho hlobo, ubudala okanye ukuthambekela isini, kodwa umngcipheko ukunyuka yosulelo kakhulu kwamaxesha xa iimpuku endle ekuqaleni ukungena ibe izakhiwo zolimo (umzekelo ekwindla).

Amaninzi Irhashalala iinkomo othi apho izilwanyana zigcinwa kwi ongaphandle nengqeqesho, oko kukuthi, indlela enye okanye enye qhagamshelana ne-bume lwangaphandle. Kwiinkqubo automated namhlanje, apho izilwanyana endleleni singàphunyezwa rhoqo emasikwini disinfestation, uqhambuko lwesifo azifani ngokubanzi (ezinye ngaphandle).

Iimpawu Clinical zosulelo

Ngokuqhelekileyo, intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa alimentary, xa esitya ukutya ezingcolisekileyo okanye okusela amanzi angcolile. Ngaphezu koko, kwabhalwa amatyala sifo emva ukulunywa iimpuku kunye neempuku. wenza njani iinkomo ingqakaqa? iimpawu zayo kakhulu ekuso. igciwane lohlobo kuyacaca emva kweentsuku nje ezimbalwa, xa isikhumba embeleni abavelayo ukushwabana maqhuqhuva kancinane (papules). Oku ikhatshwe usuleleko eziziisekondari igciwane, ukuya ukuyilwa mathumba, ngoko iimazi pox - hayi isifo ingozi ezifana, njengoko becinga abanini.

Ukongeza, le viremia eziphuhlileyo (ntsholongwane egazini). Yena ngokukhawuleza ichaphazela zonke amalungu kunye nezihlunu umzimba, nto leyo ngokufuthi ekhokelela nemiphumela emibi. Thina ukuchaza Kwimeko ukuyilwa izilonda kwisiqwenga zesisu. Kwiimeko onomoya kuphuhliswa nokuthimliswa, inyumoniya kunye norhudo. Ngethamsanqa, iinzuzo ezo alusoloko. Njengomthetho jikelele, eliphezulu, apho esongela imazi - ukwanda zezomzuzwana lobushushu emzimbeni, ukungacoleki inobulali, kunye nokwalelwa feed zexesha elifutshane.

Uphuhliso oluqhubekayo losulelo

Malunga ezilishumi iintsuku emva kokuba intsholongwane engena umzimba baba baninzi, bathulula kolusu njengoko papules kunye pustules. Le pox encinane iinkomo Umbele. ukuma kwawo ingahluka elimbhoxo ukuya phantse ngokugqibeleleyo ngeenxa zonke, sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi ubukhulu kunqabile lidlula isentimitha. Amaninzi, nangona le nto ichazwe kule ncwadi lwezilwanyana, xa kusenziwa a iimvavanyo eyomeleleyo ukurhawuzelela isilwanyana.

Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, le pustules baqala ukuba alekwe soma, apho kamva koma yaye ekugqibeleni shwaka esikhumbeni. Ezi izilonda nga kwenzeka nayiphi na ilungu lomzimba, kodwa kubonakala apha ebeleni. Thina bachaza kwimeko papules kunye pustules eluswini iimazi impumlo isipili (nangona oku engaqhelekanga).

Xa esi sifo kuba ezibulalayo?

iiveki Malunga ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo usulelo "ngokuzenzekelayo" kwi buyaphela. Okubalulekileyo! Ukuba ngesizathu esithile, isilwanyana ngeli xesha wafumana glucocorticoids (steroids), apho kufuneka ethile ebalulekileyo kakhulu, kuchazwe kwezithandani kwamajoni omzimba, okanye ukuba ngaba ezinye iingxaki ebalulekileyo kunye amajoni omzimba (umz leukemia), ukuze babe eqhelekileyo ukulahlekelwa yokubolisa zonke iinkqubo zomzimba. Ngoko xa ubona ukuba kukho ingqakaqa apha emibeleni yemazi yenkomo, unyango phantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko kufuneka sicinge corticosteroids!

Kwiimeko ezinjalo, bavame kakhulu ubovu inyumoniya, ngokuqhelekileyo eziphela nokufa kwesilwanyana. Xa iimpawu iphecana sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi yokuphefumla Kucetyiswa ukuphumeza imazi apho kuxhelelwa inyama. Ngoko ke xa kunokwenzeka ukuba pox yakho inkomo udumbe (pustules photo kumaphepha le material) kufuneka kujongwe njengento yi sifo.

ekuxilongweni

Ukuze uqinisekise / ekuphikiseni uxilongo lo wempahla athathe amaqhekeza iisampulu ulusu kunye nemixholo papules. Bona asetyenziswa ukukhangela ubukho omzimba ezithile, okanye virus vaccinia. Le usulelo kuqinisekiswa yi ezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Ezincumisayo lomzimba titer kwi zePCR egazini. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa esebenzisa ngayo iimpendulo ze-serological. Okubalulekileyo! Ekuqaleni omzimba ukuba ubonwe zingadlulanga iintsuku ngaphambi kwe-7-10 emva nathi afunxwe pathogen emzimbeni (xa kuvela imiqondiso yokuqala lwezonyango). Ukuba wenza iimvavanyo ngaphambili, iziphumo zabo ziya kuba bubuxoki-negative.
• Ukukhulisa intsholongwane inkcubeko iseli kunye polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Kwezinto genetic pathogen ukusuka yesazisi yayo elandelayo. Isampulu kuthathwa ukutshekisha soma ezithe zavela kakhulu eluswini emibeleni, ngenxa yokuba eninzi imizimba ntsholongwane. Ezi ntlobo lezifundo zithathwa umgangatho igolide moshilongo, kodwa ukuphunyezwa udinga ikliniki kakuhle ngokwaneleyo kunye wezilwanyana onamava. Noko ke, iinkomo ingqakaqa (unyango esiza kuxubusha kamva) basoloko iindlela zokuxilonga kangako nobunzima ayifuni.
• Ulusu biopsy of kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo kwakhona ukubonisa utshintsho uphawu kwizisele abosulelekileyo kunye, xa kukho imfuneko, le ntsholongwane yafu- ngulo ubungqina ngqo (nangona le ndlela oluthembekileyo kangako, kulula kakhulu).

Ulwazi malunga nonyango lwezilwanyana abagulayo

Ngoko ukuba yokuphatha iimazi ingqakaqa? Kwiimeko ezininzi izilonda ndiyipholise ngaphandle nongenelelo kwisithuba kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuqala losulelo, kwaye kwiimeko ezolileyo idla akukho mfuneko naluphi na unyango. Kakade ke, oku akuthethi ukuba isifo sinokunyangwa ngokungakhathali. Ukuba irhashalala eluswini kombele eninzi, nenkomo okukwazi sele buthathaka asulelekileyo abathile, imiphumo inokuba ntle kakhulu, kude kuphuhliso nokudumba kwindawo izilonda omkhulu virus.

Kwimeko apho iimpawu ezibonakalayo imandundu, isilwanyana egulayo ifuna ngokuyimfuneko unyango. unyango oluthile, njengoko kunye nezinye izinto ezimbi ezininzi wentsholongwane egazini, ayikho. Unyango ibonisa nenenkxaso. Ngenxa yoko, inkomo pox, unyango (effects photo inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo ukho kweli nqaku) ukuba lixoxe ngazo naziphi na izinto ezithile xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izigulo wentsholongwane egazini, akunamsebenzi.

Yintoni ukusebenzisa ukuba unyango kweendawo ochaphazelekayo kombele?

Isikhumba kombele baphathwa usebenzisa isithambiso zinc. It ikuvumela ukuba izilonda ezomileyo kunye ibalekisa ngokutsha. Amafutha aqholiweyo ukusisebenzisa akukho kuyimfuneko, njengoko negalelo maceration (ukuthamba) ulusu lula umsebenzi microflora ebangela isifo phezu ukuphunyezwa balo babulingana nesandla. Ngenxa yoku, pox encinane iinkomo emibeleni (unyango, ifoto - oko konke apho izinto zethu) unokuba yingozi ngenxa amathuba ophezulu nokudumba.

kwezinye iingcebiso

Ukuba inkomo angatyi, amayeza asetyenziswa ibangele umphefumlo kunye, xa kukho imfuneko, laxatives (ezifana ityuwa Glauber ngayo). Ngenxa yokwanda lobushushu ibonisa isabelo kuqulunqo lwezimali kunye glucose izisombululo efakwa ukuba ususe ukunxila kunye negalelo bewuhlisele lobushushu. Kubalulekile ukuba nokuthintela ukuqeshwa glucocorticoids, ngenxa yokuba imiqondiso bezonyango ukuze zibe mandundu.

Sigxininisa kwakhona ukuba, kwiimeko kakhulu, xa kufika ngokoyiswa iphecana ukungaphefumli kunye nemiphunga, kucetyiswa ukusikwa inyama. Kulo mba, pox encinane iinkomo emibeleni (unyango, ifoto - zonke uya kufumana kweli nqaku) sisifo eyingozi.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, imithi eli sifo akukho baqeshwa njenge intsholongwane loo machiza ingasebenzi onke. Kodwa ingozi incinane yokuba zasesekondari ziibhakteriya izifo iingcebiso antimicrobials ulungisiswe. Nangona kunjalo, isigqibo malunga oku kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela xa wezilwanyana. Nantsi indlela yokuphatha iimazi ekupheliseni ingqakaqa.

Ukosuleleka kunye nobungozi ukuba abantu

Adlulisele isilwanyana isilwanyana kunqabile kakhulu, kodwa ngokubanzi kunokwenzeka, njengoko ezingasosulela ngokulula inkomo, nje atyabukile imixholo yakhe ebeleni papules "tovarki" wakhe ogulayo. Kuba abantu abosulelwe kunye cowpox inqabile kakhulu, kodwa kukho iimeko ezinjalo. Ngokukodwa, livela kokuma milkmaids ngaxa lithile waphuhliswa lokugonya yokuqala yehlabathi, kangangokuba pox inkomo (Izithombe kwiphepha) abonakala isifo zooantroponoznym.

Ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukuthintela umsebenzi iimazi abagulayo, abantu kunye neenkqubo omzimba buthathaka. Ukongeza, qhagamshelana ongathandekiyo abantwana abosulelwe izilwanyana. Kwakhona, bezifo abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba kunokubaluncedo kubantu abatsha ububi ingqakaqa: nangona ekupheliseni ubuhlwempu ehlabathini kunye nokungabikho usulelo kwilizwe lethu, imeko epidemiological kumazwe of Central Asia inzima, yaye amathuba HIV.

amanyathelo kwamagciwane

Sebenzisa ukukhathalela izilwanyana ezigulayo iiglavu zonyango ezilahlwayo, soloko iintsholongwane izinto inkathalo, njengoko intsholongwane iyakwazi ixesha elide ukuze bahlale bephila kwiqondo lobushushu igumbi. Kuba kweentsholongwane wokusel wasebenzisa enye indlela esekelwe sodium hayiphoklorayithi (white, ezinye bleaches chlorine). Ngenxa yoko, iimazi ingqakaqa - hayi sifo kakhulu yingozi yeenkomo, kodwa amanye amanyathelo ukuba xa kuthe kwenzeka ukuba kufuneka kuphumelele.